The document provides details about agricultural technology transfer activities planned for 2014/15 by Hawassa University's Community Outreach Program. It includes three sentences: Adaption and demonstration trials of soybean varieties and chickpea varieties will be conducted in local villages to identify best-performing options. Soil fertility management demonstrations comparing organic and chemical fertilizers will also take place. Large-scale pre-scaling of improved crops varieties like haricot bean, tef, wheat and barley will be implemented across study sites to disseminate technologies to thousands of farmers.

1. ሀዋሳ ዩኒቨርሲቲ ምርምርና ቴክኖሎጅ ሽግግር ም/ፕ/ጽ/ቤት
HAWASSA UNIVERSITY
RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER V/P/ OFFICE
የማህበርሰብ አገለግሎት ዳይሬክቶራት
COMMUNITY OUTREACH PROGRAM
የ2006 ዓ/ም ዕቅድ
2014/15 ANNUAL PLAN
ሰብል ልማት
ON AGRONOMY
በአቶ ጋልፋቶ ጋቢሶ እና ባዩ ቡንኩራ
By - GALFATO GABISO & BAYU BUNKURA
MAY, 2014,

2. Technology Transfer from plot to thousands
Graphical representation of Technology dissemination
SCALE OUT
PRODUCING FOR
MARKET
(NATIONAL OR
INTERNATIONAL)
ORGANIZING
FARMERS
AS SEED
PRODUCERS
PRE-SCALING
UP BEST BET
TECHNOLOGY
ADAPTATION/
DEMONSTRATION
T TRAIL
5-10 farmers per kebele
2-5 FTC/woreda
30-50 cooperative
member farmers per
Kebele
Thousands of
farmers
All of
farmers
Testing of released
technologies for
socioeconomic &
env’t condition
to more farmers
by their Per.&
test result
Sustaining
Price
Production
Adoption of
best tech. &
Identify Gap

3. Major Activities of 2014/15
• Adaptation /Demonstration Trails
 Soy bean Adaptation trail – Varietal trail & farming
system ( Mother and Baby)
 Adaptation trail of chickpea varieties in vertisol of
Dale and Boricha
 Soil Fertility Management – ISFM and Acid soil
Treatment
• Pre scaling of Major food crops
 Haricot bean ,Tef , Wheat, Malt Barely, Food barely
,Maize

4. SOY BEAN VARIETAL TRAIL IN DALE, BORICHA &
HAWASSA ZURIA
Introduction
Soya bean( Glycine max ) is a leguminous crop
 Soil building' crops - N Fixation
Nutritionally rich crop (40 to 42%
protein)
It is cheap and rich source of protein
for poor farmers, who have less
access to animal protein,
b/se of their low purchasing capacity.
 good Markets for grain & processed product

5. Introduction ….
• The choice of variety is a key factor. Maturity,
lodging, and disease resistance, must be considered
when selecting varieties to complement a
production area.
• Objectives
1. To identify best performing varieties for the
technology villages
2. To teach farmers on production of soy bean

6. Soy bean at maturity

7. Materials and method
• A three replicate at each site with 'n' treatments
(variety)
- three replicated per one FTC
- Plot size (per treatment) 3 x 4 m.
- RCBD design block= Replicate)

8. Site selection ,input use and observation
• Trial should be laid out on good soil that’s
homogenous
• Use and Application of inputs
 Varieties -released variety
Fertilizer rates & application - 100 kg DAP per
hectare at 10 cm away from the planting line, in a 2-
cm deep
• Observations - Measurements: Yield (biomass
and grain yield,)

9. Adaptability of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in
Vertisols soil of Dale and Boricha
• Chickpeas are the world’s second-largest
cultivated food legume and developing countries
account for over 95 percent of its production and
consumption.
• a dry-season legume that grows well on the
residual moisture , not compete for area with
other major legumes

10. Adaptability of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in …..
• Labor was get rest for those months unless
carrying few livestock .
• In other hand the villages are suitable for
chickpea production according to the range of
adaptability and few farmers had been cultivated
. Therefore, solving food insecurity problem by
using of rest labor and land in bega season
become important

11. objectives
1. To identify the best fit varieties for Boricha and
Dale woredas
2. To Evaluate Socioeconomic and Biophysical
adaptability of chick pea
Materials and method
A three replicate at each site with 'n'
treatments(variety
Plot size (per treatment) 3 x 4 m.
RCBD
Lay out similar with soy bean

12. Site selection, use and application of input and
observations
• Site selection:
• The trial should be laid out on good soil that’s
homogenous
• Use and Application of inputs
 Varieties -released variety
Fertilizer rates & application - 100 kg DAP per hectare
at 10 cm away from the planting line, in a 2-cm deep
Innoculant - CP41 strain
• Observations - Measurements: Yield (biomass and
grain yield,)

13. SOIL FERTILITY IMPROVEMENT PROJECT
• This project includes two sub project activities
1. Soil Fertility alternatives in Boricha and Dale
2. Acid soil Treatment in Hula

14. Soil Fertility Improvement
Background and Justification
• Soil is the most basic requirement to grow crops,
so it comes as unhealthy, depleted soil leads to low
crop yields.
• Multiple interventions are needed to address these
soil fertility issues including, but not limited to,
chemical and organic nutrient sources.
• scaling-up of chemical fertilizer use

15. Potential soil fertility interventions
• Organic nutrient sources
• Chemical fertilizer:
• Bio-fertilizer:
• Intercropping, crop rotation and fallowing:
• Lime:
• Physical land management techniques,
erosion and moisture management:

16. The effect of soil Fertilizer application
practices in productivity of potato at Boricha
and Hawassa Zuria woreda
• objectives
1. To demonstrate the responses of potato to
soil amendment and their combination.
2. To evaluate the economical importance of
using different soil amendments
• Site Selection
variability faced in smallholder farmers’
fields
• Boricha and Hawassa -3 kebele per woreda
and 3 farmers in each kebele lay on FTC/FF

17. Treatments
• A single replicate at each site with six
treatments, all using the same improved
variety

18. Experimental design, treatment structure and
number of replicates
• There will be a total of six replicated fields. Plot size
(per treatment) 5 x 5 m. Together this comprises a
randomized complete block design, with a single
replicate per block (i.e. block=replicate).
• Observations
• Measurements: Yield (biomass and grain yield),
plant tissue analysis

19. Pre-scaling up of best fit crop verities
in the technology villages
• For all crops, the strategies we are used in similarly
way to scale up program
• A) Haricot Bean
 woreda - Boricha, Hawassa Zuria
• B) Tef
 Dale and Boricha
• C) Wheat
 woreda - Hula, Wondo Genet

20. Pre scaling up …..
D) Malt Barely
 woreda - Hula, Wondo Genet
E) Food barely
 woreda - Hula, Wondo Genet
• In each of activities 15 ha. Land and 60 farmers planed
• Land size - 0.25 hectare from each farmers 2.5 hectare
in kebele ,7.5 hectare in three kebele and 15 hectare in
two woreda
• Design- half of the land will be used as farmers current
practice and half best technologies

21. Design

22. Hawassa University
Community Outreach Program
ግብርና ዘዴ (Extension)
አዘጋጅ
ጋልፋቶ ጋቢሶ
ሀምሌ 2006

23. ግብርና ሥርጸት (Diffusion of Innovation)
• ይህ መረጃዎች በተለያዩ መንገዶች ከአንዱ ወደ ለላ አካል (ሰዉ) በጊዜያት
ዉስጥ የሚተላለፈበት ሂደት ነዉ፡፡ ( Is a process communicated
through certain channels over time among members)
• አራቱ ቁልፍ የሥርጸት አካላት (Four elements of diffusion)
1. አድስ ግኝት (Innovation)- idea, practice, or object
perceived as new
2. የግንኙነት መስመር (Communication channel)- from one to
other
3. ጊዜ (Time) – Innovation-deci, innovativeness, inno rate
4. ማህበራዊ ሁኔታ (Social system)- solving to accomplish a
common goal.

24. የአድስ ግኝት ባሕርያት (Characteristics of
Innovation)
ይህ ሰዎች አድስ ነገር ተረድተዉ ለመቀበልና ለመጠቀም በሰዎች
መካከል ልዩነት እንድኖር የሚያደርግ ነዉ፡፡(As perceived by
individuals differ the adoption rate)
• ተነጻጻር ጠቀመታ (Relative advantage) - as better than
the pervious
• ለአካባቢ ተስማምነቱ (Compatibility) - consistence with
values, past experiences, and needs
• ግልጽነቱ(Complexity) – Make it simple
• ለሙከራ ምቹነቱ(Trialablity) - experimented in few
• የምታይ መሆኑ (Observability) - results are visible

25. The difference in use of Technology (N2 Africa
plot in Boricha+R+ DAP, Ibado
+R+ DAP, Nasir
-R- DAP, Nasir
-R- DAP , Ibado

26. Putting nitrogen fixation to work for smallholder farmers in Africa
Nasir
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8
3
1 1.5 2 2.5 3
Yieldwith+P+I(t/ha)
Grain yield of control plot (t/ha)
CONTROL
+DAP,+I
80% of the farmers benefited
Ibado
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
Yieldwith+P+I(t/ha)
Grain Yield of control plot (t/ha)
Control
+P+I
80% of the farmers benefited
Project Activities – Results
Grain yield response of Nasir and Ibado varieties to P application R inoculation

27. Putting nitrogen fixation to work for smallholder farmers in Africa
Project Activities – Variety trial
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
H.dume
Nasir
Ibado
Dimitu
Awashi1
A.Melka
Arigen
Dinknesh
SARI
Noofnodulesperplants
Common bean Varieties
Nodule
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
H.Dume
Nasir
Ibado
Dimitu
Awash1
A.Melka
Arigen
Dinkinesh
SARI
Yield(tha-1)
Common bean varieties
Grain
Dry Biomass
Nodule number, grain and biomass yield of varieties (Inoculated and P supplied)

28. በማህበርሰብ አገለግሎት የተሰሩ ሥራዎች

29. The innovation –Decision process
• ለአድስ ነገር ዉሳኔ የሚሰጥባቸዉ ሂዴቶች (Attitude towards
the innovation to decision to adopt or rejec)
• አምስት ሂዴት (Five stages)
 እዉቀት መገኘት (Knowledge occur)
 ፍላጎት መጫር (Persuasion occur)
 ዉሳኔ መድረስ (Decision occur)
 ተግባራዊ ማድረግ (Implementation occur)
 ከተግባራዊ ዉጤት ተቀባይነቱን መግለጽ (Confirmation
occur )

30. አድስ ግኝትና ተቀባዮች ክፍፍል
Innovativeness and Adopter Categories
• ተቀባዮች( Innovators)- eager to try new ideas (GK)
• ቀዳም ተቀባዮች (Early Adopters)-more integrated local system
• ቀዳሚ ብዙሀን(Early Majority)- adopt just before the average
• ዘግይቶ ተቀባይ ብዙሀን(Late majority) – late after the average
member
• ዳተኛ(Laggard (Traditional)) - isolates in social networks

31. አድስ ነገር ለመቀበል የሚያለያያቸዉ ነገሮች
Why differ in adoption of innovation
• ማህበር ኢኮኖሚያዊ ሁኔታ (socio economic status)
• ግላዊ ልዩነቶች (Personality variables)
• የግንኙነት ሁኔታ (Communication behavior)
አንድ ግኝት ተቀባይነት ሊያገኝ ወይም ላይገኝ የሚችለዉ
(dopted or rejected by):-
1) ከአንድ ግለሰብ ከስስተሙ (Individual members of a
system )or
2) በጠቅላላ የአካባቢ ስስተም /መስተጋብር (The entire
social system)

32. ግኝቶች ተቀባይነት ሲያገኙ (Innovation can be
adopted ….
 የበለጠ የምከፋፈሉት (Further divide to )
1.ግለሰባዊ (Optional innovation) -decisions:- individual
adopt
2. ቡዱናዊ (Collective innovation) -decisions
consensus among the members of a system
3. በሥልጣን (Authority innovation )-decisions made by
few individual who posses power, status or
technical experts.
4. ዋስትና አረጋጋጭ -(Contingent innovation) -decisions -
after his system innovation decision

33. የንግግር ክህሎት (COMMUNICATION SKILL)
• ተመሳሳይ መልዕክት መሆን Communication is the
process of sending and receiving messages
through channels which establishes common
meanings between a sender and a receiver.
• ለሌሎች መልዕክት በቂ ሁኔታ ማድርስ As a worker you
work which can through other people. if you
work on a machine your ability to express
yourself will be of little importance. your
effectiveness depends on your ability to
reach others through the spoken or the
written word.

34. የኮሙኒከሽን አይነቶች Modes of
communication
• በምልክት፤በቃል፤ ቃል ባልሆነ መንገድ(Symbolically, verbally
and non verbally)
1. ምልክት (Symbolic communication)
የልብስ ምርጫ (choice of cloths)
የገጣገጥ ምርጫ (Jewelry)
የቅባት የዉበት ሥራዎች (Cosmetics or makeup)
2. የሰዉነት ቐንቐ (Body language)
Facial chrs x- good bye-eye contact - smile
Body gestures the nodding, the swaying body
3. በንግግር (Verbally)

35. የኮሙንከሽን ትስስር (Communication Network
• አንዱ ከለላኛዉ ተመሳሳይ ሁኔታ ላይ ካሌ ሰዉ /ቡድን/ጋር
መረጃ ለመለዋወጥ የምያሰችል መረብ ነዉ፡፡
• Is consists of interconnected individuals who are
linked by patterned flows of information.
• ቁርኝት ያለዉ ትስስር -Interlocking personal network-
who interact with each other
• ቁርኝት የለለዉ ትስስር- Radial personal networks-
who do not interact with each other

36. ማን ከማን ጋር ቁርኝት ይፈጥራል ?
whom in networks?
• Network play a very crucial role in innovation diffusion.
• በቅርቡ ያለ ተመሳሳይ ጉዳይ ያላቸዉ -who are close to them in
physical distance and who are relatively homophiles in
social characteristics. The least effort need and that are
most rewarding. የዝህ ቁርኝት ድክመቱ- limited value for
obtaining information (በቂ መራጃ ስርጭት አይኖርም)
• በቅርበት የለሉና የተለያየ ማህበራዊ ኑሮ የምኖሩ-Hetrophils links
with socially and spatially distant areas are usually
stronger in carrying useful information to individuals.

37. Galaxxemmo!
• አመሰግናለሁ!