Chad Smith, a principal, discusses engagement in the classroom and the factors that influence it - both negatively and positively. For more on engagement and education, visit ChadSmithPrincipal.com
Chad Smith, a principal, discusses engagement in the classroom and the factors that influence it - both negatively and positively. For more on engagement and education, visit ChadSmithPrincipal.com
These slides contains the introduction of Albert Bandura. its all about his biography.
Birthdate: December 4, 1925
Birthplace: Mundane in northern Alberta, Canada
He is the youngest child, and only son, in a family of six.
Both of his parents had immigrated to Canada when they were both adolescents; his father from Krakow, Poland and his mother from the Ukraine.
Due to the shortage of teachers and resources, learning was left largely to the students' own initiative.
According to Bandura, because of this limited access to educational resources, the students had to take charge of their own education.
Bandura’s elementary and high school years were spent at the one and only school in town.
Students are human beings first. They must be respected and valued. Teachers have to ensure that their self-esteem is not diminished. Rather they have to act to increase the self-worth of students.
behavior management,in the current era, is not confined to students only but has become a necessity for every individual. teachers should also evaluate themselves whether they are able to manage their own behavior.
2. Social Learning Theory
•Alex Bandura
•Modelling
•Learning through
observing others’
behaviour, attitudes, &
outcomes of those
behaviours.
•“Reciprocal
Determinism”: a person’s
behaviour both
influences, and is
influenced by personal
factors & social
environment
•A person may model
behaviour by:
1. The observer is
reinforced by the model.
2. The observer is
reinforced by a third
person.
3. The imitated behavior
itself leads to reinforcing
consequences. Many
behaviors that we learn
from others produce
satisfying or reinforcing
results.
3. Example 1: Time
Management
Modelled by John:
•Deliberately comes to
class late knowing that
Teacher is frequently
late & would not
punish him
Example 2:
Respect
Ms Jia:
•Does not respect
her students
•Insisted harshly
that John had
cheated in the test
•Shamed Minah by
insulting her
abilities, or lack of
Modelled by her students:
•Do not show her respect by
settling down
•Name-calling: Jia-Lat
•Class jeered at Minah
•John was openly defiant
towards Ms Jia
•Verbal insults and antagonism
exchanged btw John and Lian
Huay in Ms Jia’s presence
Ms Jia:
•Came into class 10
mins late
•Late in completing
the tasks assigned to
her
•Unable to complete
her teaching on time
4. Social Emotional Development
Ms Jia: Self-Concept & Self-Efficacy
Students: Erikson’s Identity vs Confusion
Students: Self-concept & Self-worth
5. Ms Jia: Self-concept & Self-efficacy
Self-Concept
Negative
• Inability to manage work & finish tasks
on time
• Questioning career choice
• Inability to manage classroom & deal w
difficult students
• Perpetually tired, sighing
Self-Efficacy
Low
• Feels burdened by her to-do list
• Unable to finish teaching content
• Unable to teach effectively – inattentive
students
• Physiological factors: fatigue
6. Students: Identity vs Confusion
Annie: ‘kiasu’,
hard-working,
‘favourite’ student
John: the ‘cool’
rebel. Can be rude,
aggressive, and a
bully.
Jimmy & Marcus:
looks up to John,
encourages his
poor habits.
Lian Huay: the
‘pretty’ girl in class
– prides her self on
her looks
Lucy: nonchalent,
perceptive and
aware of Ms Jia’s
techniques.
7. Students: Self-concept & Self-worth
Annie
• Positive self-concept & high self-worth
• Solved Ms Jia’s solution easily & confidently, high ability, self-motivated
• Positive self-fulfilling prophecy: Ms Jia’s high expectations of Annie
John
• Negative self-concept & low self-worth
• Feels that nothing he does is good enough
• Negative self-worth – symptomatic of his aggressive behaviour towards
teacher & peers, however, sees himself as crafty and manipulative
• Negative self-fulfilling prophecy: John branded as a difficult student
Minah
• Negative self-concept & low self-worth
• Put down as academically incompetent & low ability
• Negative self-fulfilling prophecy: vows not to ask questions anymore
Lian
Huay
• Seems to have positive physical self-concept
• Took John’s insults personally – emotionally affected: low self worth?