3. Group member
Heng Sy Hua
Hoh Jean Ming
Koo Jian Xiang
Ng Kwang Zhou
Omar
Rachel
Tutor: Mr.SHankar
4. Asuna
is
an
oversea
student
who
came
into
a
new
city.
However,
she
could
not
make
friends
as
her
classmates
think
oversea
students
are
bad.
5. Stereotype
Defini<on:
A
stereotyping
it’s
a
common
phenomenon
which
is
assuming
that
all
members
of
a
group
shares
a
common
feature.
6. How is it portrayed?
No
one
wanted
to
go
near
her
People
talking
bad
behind
her
Her
classmates
dislike
her
before
knowing
her.
People
talk
bad
things
about
her
without
evidance
and
only
assuming
Conclusion:
All
this
criteria
have
shown
that
Asuna’s
classmates
have
has
stereotype
towards
oversea
students
because
that
assume
she
is
bad
before
they
really
know
her.
7. Asuna
had
a
midset
which
she
thought
that
university
life
is
a
place
where
people
only
enjoy
and
play.
She
also
thinks
that
her
classmates
did
not
study
as
well.
So
she
started
to
neglect
her
studies.
8. False Consensus Effect
Defini<on:
Tendency
of
people
to
overes<mate
the
level
to
which
other
people
share
their
beliefs,
aGtudes,
and
behaviours.
9. How is it portrayed?
She
thinks
that
university
life
is
a
period
to
only
have
fun
Assumes
that
her
classmate
also
did
not
study
Assume
that
university
life
is
only
playing
Conclusion:
Asuna
is
having
false
consensus
effect
as
she
assumes
that
everyone
shares
the
same
opinion
as
her
in
not
to
study
during
university
life.
Assumed
that
her
classmates
share
the
same
opinion
with
her
10. Due
to
her
bad
aGtude
towards
her
studies,
she
failed
her
exam
and
assignments.
Her
friends
got
good
results
which
makes
her
feels
very
sad.
With
this
the
school
gave
her
a
second
chance
and
at
the
same
<me
warned
her
that
if
she
did
not
pass
for
the
second
<me,
she
will
be
expelled.
11. Operant Conditioning
Defini<on:
A
learning
process
in
which
the
likelihood
of
a
specific
behaviour
is
increased
or
decreased
through
posi<ve
or
nega<ve
reinforcement
each
<me
the
behaviour
is
exhibited.
12. How is it portrayed?
School
authori<es
threaten
to
expel
her
if
she
did
not
pass
the
second
exam
expel=punishment
Asuna
will
have
to
study
hard
to
avoid
the
punishment
Conclusion:
This
is
a
situa<on
of
punishment
under
operant
condi<oning
as
Asuna
will
be
expelled
if
she
did
not
pass
her
second
exam.
Hence,
if
she
fails,
she
will
be
expelled.
This
will
help
to
weaken
his
behaviour
of
not
studying
13. Asuna
decided
to
work
hard
again
and
pass
her
exam
with
flying
colours.
Her
family
at
oversea
and
her
lecturers
also
gave
her
support
both
physically
and
mentally.
This
makes
her
believed
that
she
can
do
well
in
her
studies
and
reached
her
goals.
14. Self-efficiency
Defini<on:
people’s
beliefs
about
their
capabili<es
to
perform
up
to
a
certain
level.
Self-‐efficacy
beliefs
determine
how
people
think,
mo<vate,
feel
and
behave
themselves.
15. How is it portrayed?
Asuna
started
to
believe
in
herself
She
thinks
that
she
has
the
capability
to
reach
her
goal
Mo<va<on
given
by
her
family
and
lecturers
also
further
mo<vated
her
Conclusion:
Asuna’s
self-‐efficiency
was
geGng
higher
as
she
became
more
confident
and
believe
in
herself.
Asuna
felt
more
confident
than
before
16. Finally,
during
the
second
exam,
Asuna
got
a
very
good
results.
With
this,
her
classmates
started
to
no<ce
her
and
thought
that
she
must
have
become
a
good
student
as
only
good
students
can
get
a
good
results.
Then,
they
started
to
make
friends
and
be
nice
to
her.
17. The Halo Effect
Defini<on:
A
cogni<ve
bias
in
which
our
overall
impression
of
a
person
influences
how
we
feel
and
think
about
a
person
based
on
his
or
her
characteris<cs.
18. How is it portrayed?
Asuna’s
classmates
started
to
no<ce
her
They
thinks
that
she
has
become
a
good
student
aQer
geGng
a
good
result
They
started
to
befriend
with
her
Conclusion:
Due
to
halo
effect,
Asuna’s
classmates
believed
they
Asuna
is
definitely
a
good
student
as
she
got
a
good
results
although
Asuna
did
not
portray
any
other
good
behaviour
yet.
They
threated
her
nicely