Guliver’s travel

Characters
 Lamuel Gulliver – The narrator and protagonist of the story.
Although Gulliver’s vivid and detailed style of narration
makes it clear that he is witty and sharp but his perceptions
are naive and gullible. He has virtually no emotional life.
Submitted To : Mrs. Usha Bansal
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Mary Burton – She is Gulliver's
wife. Gulliver never thinks about
his wife or feels guilty of leaving
her alone to look after his
children.
Captain William Prichard – He
is the head of the ship,
Antelope. He is also responsible
for Gulliver’s first Voyage.
Lilliputians – They are the
miniature people not more than
6 inches in height, but they are
fearless, industrialist and
hospitable.
Emperor of Lilliputs – He was
the king who must always have
some type of support before
making a decision.
Empress of Lilliputs – She was the wife
of the king.
Flimnap – He is the treasurer of the
Lilliput empire.
Reldresal – He is principal secretary of
Lilliputs. He also styles himself as a
friend of Gulliver.
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About the Novel
 Gulliver goes on four separate voyages in Gulliver's
Travels. Each journey is preceded by a storm. All four
voyages bring new perspectives to Gulliver's life and
new opportunities for satirizing the ways of England.
 But I’m to show the presentation on the part -1 only, ‘A
voyage to Lilliputs’.
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Summary of the Part-1
 In this part, the story all belongs to Lilliputs, where
Gulliver is huge and the Lilliputians are small. At first
the Lilliputians seem amiable, but the reader soon sees
them for the ridiculous and petty creatures they are.
Gulliver is convicted of treason for "making water" in
the capital, even though he was putting out a fire and
saving countless lives among other "crimes."
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Chapter – 1 A storm blows up and the ship winds up in the Tasmania, an area in the
Australia.
 So the Antelope sends six crew members, Gulliver included, in a small boat to go
to shore.
 All of the six sailors except for Gulliver drown because the boat capsizes.
 Gulliver was totally lost, but eventually he fined his way to a shore.
 Gulliver lies down to sleep.
 He wakes up at dawn after a lovely nap in the grass.
 Gulliver tries to stand up, but he can't move at all.
 Gulliver notices that his arms and legs and even his long hair all appear to be
tied down.
 He can't look right or left, so he has no idea what is happening, but he does feel
something moving across his chest towards his chin.
 Gulliver turns his eyes down to look over his chin and he sees a tiny, tiny human
being, no bigger than 6 inches.
 The tiny fellow is carrying a tiny, tiny bow with lots of tiny, tiny arrows .
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 Gulliver yells in fright at the sight of all of these tiny people. At this roar, they
jump or fall back in fear.
 Gulliver manages to break the strings tying down his left arm, but the strings
attached to his hair really hurt, so he can still barely turn his head.
 The little people all run away a second time – and they shoot his left hand full
of about a hundred arrows. Some of them try to stick his sides with itsy bitsy
spears, but they can't get through his leather vest.
 Gulliver decides to lie still until nighttimes, when he might be able to use his
left hand to free him.
 But he can hear a huge number of people massing: more and more of the little
people arrive, and they start building something near him.
 Gulliver deliberately acts as submissive as he can during this to indicate that he
intends no harm.
 Gulliver is hungry, thirsty, and really has to pee, so he gestures with his left
hand that he needs to eat and drink.
 The important little person making speeches is called the "Hurgo”, and he
orders his people to bring Gulliver food.
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 All the tiny people are amazed at how much Gulliver can
eat and drink.
 The tiny people keep dancing around in joy as they watch
him stuffing himself and drinking their wine.
 Gulliver has to admit that he's impressed: these people
seem totally fine with climbing onto his body and walking
around even though they know his left hand is free – and
even though he's a giant to them.
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Chapter - 2
 When Gulliver stands up the next morning, he sees a beautiful landscape laid out in front of
him, like a garden. None of the trees are taller than seven feet high, and all of the fields look
like beds of flowers.
 Finally, he decides to sneak back into his temple and go in a corner.
 Gulliver assures us that this is the only time he does something as unsanitary as peeing in his
own house.
 For the rest of his stay in this country, every morning two tiny people come with wheelbarrows
for him to relieve himself in, and then they take it away – not a job we envy.
 The Emperor comes to visit him and orders him to be given food and water.
 Gulliver then describes the Emperor: he's a tiny bit taller than anyone else around him, with a
strong, masculine face. He's around 28, but he has been Emperor for seven years and has done
a reasonably good job of it.
 The Emperor wears simple clothing, but he also carries a gold, jewel-encrusted helmet and
sword.
 The Emperor and his Court clear out.
 Gulliver has to deal with a huge crowd that has gathered around him in curiosity.
 Six members of the crowd get rowdy and shoot at him with their arrows.
 He puts five of them in his pocket and the sixth; he pretends that he is going to eat. But then he
just takes out his pocketknife, cuts the guy's ropes, sets him on the ground, and lets him go.
Gulliver's mercy makes him really popular with the little folk.
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 Gulliver spends about two weeks sleeping on the floor of his temple while the Emperor orders a bed
to be made for him.
 As the news spreads that Gulliver has arrived in the capital city, lots of curious people pour into the
city to see him.
 The Emperor is concerned that all of this curiosity is going to lead people to neglect their homes and
businesses. He orders that anyone who has seen Gulliver once has to go home, and that no one is
allowed to come within fifty yards of his house without a license. This turns into a great money-
making industry for the court.
 Gulliver transcribes the guards' inventory into English.
 Apparently, they call him "the Great Man Mountain”.
 After searching Gulliver's pockets, the two guards see that Gulliver is wearing a leather belt around his
waist. Attached to this belt are a large sword and a pouch for carrying gunpowder and shells.
 The Emperor hears this inventory of Gulliver's possessions and then orders Gulliver to show his sword
and pocket pistols.
 So, when Gulliver takes his scimitar out of its scabbard, all of the Emperor's troops shout because they
think Gulliver's about to assassinate their Emperor.
 Gulliver also loads his pistols and shoots into the air to demonstrate how a gun works to the Emperor.
 The tiny people are so shocked by the sound that hundreds of them fall to the ground; even the
Emperor takes some time to collect himself.
 Gulliver then places his pistols and his firearms on the ground next to his sword.
 Inside the super-secret pocket that Gulliver does not reveal to the Emperor, he has: his glasses, a
"pocket perspective” (probably a magnifying glass or telescope), and "several other little
conveniences“ he won't describe. These are all delicate objects that Gulliver is worried might get lost
or broken if he shows them to anyone.
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Chapter - 3
 The Lilliputian court comes to like Gulliver thanks to his gentle behaviour.
 Because the Emperor admires Gulliver so much, the Emperor orders his people to put on a
couple of shows for Gulliver
 The main show is a kind of rope dancing, which is performed only by people who hold high
office in Lilliput. In fact, in order to get a high office in Lilliput, you have to beat all the other
candidates in this rope dancing competition. Skill at this dance is the main qualification for
court positions.
 Because the dance involves seeing who can jump the highest on a piece of rope without falling,
there are lots of accidents. People try to jump too high or miss the rope and whatnot.
 The Emperor also likes to make his court play a kind of limbo. Sometimes his courtiers creep
under a stick he's holding and sometimes they jump over. Whoever jumps and crawl the best
wins a prize from the emperor: a coloured belt, like a karate belt, proving the winner's skills.
 Gulliver invents a game to entertain the emperor: he sets up a raised stage using his
handkerchief and a set of sticks.
 On this stage, he sets a troop of 24 of the Emperor's horsemen to perform their manoeuvres
and drills.
 This game goes on until one of the horses tears through the handkerchief with its hoof and
injures itself; after that, Gulliver decides the handkerchief is too weak to support the
Lilliputians.
 As Gulliver gets busy entertaining the Emperor's court, he hears news that something else has
washed ashore: a giant black thing that doesn't seem like a living creature.
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 It is Gulliver's hat, which the Lilliputians drag to the capital. Gulliver is
happy to get it back again.
 The Emperor decides that he wants Gulliver to pose standing with his
legs as far apart as they can go.
 The Emperor orders his troops to march between Gulliver's legs in rows
of 24 men.
 Even though the Emperor also tells his armies not to make any
comments about Gulliver's body, a bunch of them can't help looking up
and laughing.
 Gulliver's pants are in such tatters at this point that he's flashing all of
the Emperor's armies. There are, he tells us, "opportunities for laughter
and admiration" for the Lilliputians – after all, Gulliver implies, he's a
giant, and his penis has to be proportionally huge.
 Gulliver lobbies hard to be set free, and finally the whole court agrees,
with one exception: Skyresh Bolgolam, who seems to feel he is
Gulliver's enemy (Gulliver says, without reason).
 Bolgolam at last agrees that Gulliver should be released, but only if
Bolgolam can make the conditions for Gulliver's freedom.
 Gulliver agrees to all of the rules, even though some of them seem to
come from the pointless hatred of Skyresh Bolgolam.
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Chapter - 4
 After Gulliver gets his freedom, the first thing he does is to ask the Emperor if he can go
into Mildendo, the main city of Lilliput.
 The Emperor agrees, and Gulliver steps into the town. He walks through the main streets
and visits the Emperor's palace.
 At this point, Gulliver spends some time describing the state of Lilliput itself, as told to
him by Redresal, the country's principal secretary.
 Apparently, there are two rival factions in the empire, the Tramecksans and the
Slamecksans.
 The Tramecksans are also called the "high heels" because they wear high-heeled shoes;
the Slamecksans are the "low heels."
 Even though the high heels are big fans of Lilliput's constitution, the Emperor will only
staff his government with representatives of the low heels. (And of course, since
Redresal, the principal secretary, has a high post in the Emperor's cabinet, we can figure
out that Redresal is also a low heel.)
 The two parties hate each other so much that they can't eat, drink, or talk to each other.
 While the Emperor's heels are definitely low, his son, the heir to the throne, seems less
decided: one of his heels is high, the other, low, which makes it tough for him to walk
around. (For more on what the heck Swift is talking about, see our "Character Analysis"
of the Lilliputians.)
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 Not only is Lilliput divided inside, but it's also threatened from the outside by the island of Blefuscu, a
second island empire "almost as large and powerful as this of his majesty”.
 Redresal admits that there may be countries outside the Lilliput/Blefuscu binary, but Lilliput's
philosophers think there probably aren't. They like to believe that Gulliver is an alien who has dropped
from the moon.
 The war between Lilliput and Blefuscu has been going on for three years.
 It all started with the grandfather of the current Emperor, who cut his finger on an eggshell when he
was a kid.
 The Emperor's great-grandfather thinks that the reason his son cut his finger was because he broke his
egg on its rounded, big end rather than the little, pointed end.
 Even though, up until this moment, everyone had always cracked their eggs on the big end, the current
Emperor's great-grandfather decrees that, from now on, everyone will have to crack their eggs on the
little end – for safety's sake!
 Redresal calls people who crack their eggs at the larger end Big-Endians; those who break their eggs at
the smaller end are called Little-Endians.
 (All this stuff with the eggs may sound totally nuts, but Swift is making a larger point about English
politics and religion – check out our "Character Analysis" of the Lilliputians for an explanation of this
scene.)
 The people are so against this new egg-cracking law that they keep rebelling against the Emperor.
These uprisings get funding from Blefuscu, which is a country of Big-Endians.
 In fact, Blefuscu is currently calling up its navy for a full-scale invasion of Lilliput, because so many Big-
Endian refugees from Lilliput's Little-Endian government have found their way to Blefuscu.
 The Emperor of Lilliput expects Gulliver to use his strength to defend the island, which is why he has
commanded Redresal to tell Gulliver about the Big-End/Little-End conflict.
 Gulliver promises Redresal that he will do everything he can to protect Lilliput.
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Chapter - 5
 Blefuscu is divided from Lilliput by a small channel about 800 yards wide – not even half a
mile.
 Gulliver plans to capture the whole Blefuscu fleet of ships, of which there are about 50.
 He asks the Emperor for bars of iron and thick ropes. He twists the bars of iron into 50 separate
hooks, which he attaches to lengths of the rope.
 He wades and then swims across to the Blefuscudian fleet, where it is anchored in the shallows
near the island of Blefuscu.
 The Blefuscudians shoot arrows at Gulliver's face and neck, but he puts on a pair of glasses to
protect his eyes and keeps going about his business.
 Gulliver attaches each of his hooks to one of Blefuscu's ships, cuts the cables anchoring the
ships in Blefuscu's harbor, and uses his hooks and bits of rope to tow the entire fleet across the
channel.
 As Gulliver approaches Lilliput, he's so deep in the water that the Emperor and his court can't
see him. All they can see is the Blefuscudian fleet approaching Lilliput's shores.
 Once Gulliver surfaces, they're all relieved to see that the fleet isn't attacking.
 At first, the Emperor wants to use his military advantage to conquer Blefuscu and to destroy all
Big-Endians forever.
 Gulliver refuses to be a part of any plan that will make free people slaves.
 The Emperor eventually gives in on this point, but he never forgives Gulliver for refusing to
help him enslave Blefuscu. The Emperor starts to plot with some of his ministers to kill.
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 About three weeks after Gulliver captures the Blefuscu fleet, a group of representatives of
Blefuscu's Emperor come asking for a peace treaty with Lilliput.
 They also invite Gulliver to come and visit Blefuscu.
 Gulliver asks the Emperor of Lilliput for permission to go to Blefuscu. The Emperor
agrees, but he's unhappy about it – Skyresh Bolgolam (Gulliver's enemy at court) and
Flimnap (the treasurer of the country) both use Gulliver's desire to visit Blefuscu as
evidence against his loyalty to Lilliput.
 Even though the original terms of Gulliver's freedom include things like carrying
messages and so on, his adventure with the fleet of Blefuscu leads him to become a
nardac, a highly honored member of the kingdom.
 Thanks to his new rank, everyone thinks that the rules of Gulliver's freedom are kind of
beneath him now, and the Emperor never mentions Gulliver's supposed duties.
 Even so, one night Gulliver does the Emperor a favor. He hears hundreds of people calling
Burglum – fire! – and runs out to see what's wrong.
 The Empress's rooms at the palace are on fire.
 Luckily, Gulliver had had a lot of wine the night before and had not yet peed any of it, so
he has plenty to use to put out the fire at the palace. Thanks to his quick thinking and
huge bladder, Gulliver saves the palace from destruction.
 Unfortunately, the Empress is not too pleased with Gulliver's method of putting out the
fire – i.e., by peeing on it – so she's horribly offended and refuses to see that part of the
palace repaired.
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Chapter - 6
 Gulliver gives us some more details of Lilliput: first, all of the animals, trees, and buildings are
proportional to the six-inch Lilliputians. In other words, everything on the island is equally tiny.
 They do not read left to right (like in English), right to left (like in Arabic), nor up and down (like in
Chinese or Japanese). Instead, they write diagonally across the page.
 The Lilliputians bury their dead head down. They think that the Earth is flat and that, at the end of
the world, it will be flipped over and all of their people will be brought back to life. Once this
happens, head down will actually be right side up.
 If someone in Lilliput accuses someone else of crimes against the state, these charges are taken very
seriously.
 On the other hand, if it turns out that the accused person is innocent, then the accuser is executed
and the accused person gets a money reward from the emperor.
 In fact, lying and fraud are considered worse crimes than theft in Lilliput, and they nearly always
result in execution for the criminal.
 Gulliver points out that our criminal justice system is totally based on punishment – you commit a
crime, you get thrown in jail or whatever – but in Lilliput, there is a balance of punishment and
reward.
 If you can prove that you have gone 73 months (just over 6 years) without doing anything wrong, you
get a special title (snilpall) and a cash reward from the Emperor.
 The Lilliputians also believe that it is morally better for people in office to make mistakes out of
ignorance rather than out of deliberate wrongdoing. They prefer to appoint guys who are good but
dumb over those who are smart but bad.
 As a result, the Lilliputians generally don't appoint geniuses to the government. Instead, they actively
try to keep smart, gifted people out of important offices, so that, if anything goes wrong, it will be
because of stupidity rather than corruption.
 Also, men who do not believe in God's will ("Divine Providence" (1.6.8)) cannot serve in public office.
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 Since the Emperor believes himself to be king thanks to the will of God, he doesn't want to employ anyone
who does not believe in the source of the Emperor's power (God) to serve under him.
 People in Lilliput can be executed for ingratitude, because they think it's a sign of a lack of respect for all of
mankind.
 The Lilliputians believe that men and women come together to have children out of natural instinct, so kids
don't owe their parents anything. After all, their parents are having sex and conceiving kids because they want
to, not because they have any kind of self-sacrifice in mind.
 Indeed, the Lilliputians think that, generally, life sucks, and that being born is pretty miserable. So, parents
who bring kids into the world are the last people who should be responsible for raising and educating them.
 They have big public nurseries for both boys and girls. These nurseries teach kids the skills they will need for
their particular place in life, as decided by their parents' social position and their own interests.
 Nurseries for boys of high social standing are staffed by solemn professors who teach the kids to take care of
themselves. They are never allowed to hang out in groups without a professor present, and they are only
allowed to see their parents for an hour twice a year. They stay in these nurseries until they are 15 (which is
equivalent to 21 in our years).
 Sons of middle and working class families get the same treatment, but they leave their nurseries younger. At 11
years of age, they become apprentices to learn the trades they'll practice as adults.
 Girls receive about the same education as boys, only with less active physical exercise and more learning
about how to keep house. At 12, they become eligible for marriage.
 Poorer girls also receive instruction in how to do jobs appropriate for women (Swift doesn't spell out what he
means). They leave the nursery at 7 to become apprentices.
 Parents have to pay an allowance for the support of their children by the state.
 The children of farmers and laborers stay at home, since they don't have to learn a trade and are therefore not
of much interest to the Empire.
 Gulliver lives in Lilliput for 9 months and 13 days.
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 During this time, he makes his own table and chair.
 200 seamstresses sew him a shirt out of tiny squares of fabric and 300 cooks
prepare him 2 dishes apiece every day.
 The Emperor invites himself over to Gulliver's home (remember, that giant
former temple just outside the city gates) for dinner, along with his wife,
children, and Flimnap the treasurer.
 Gulliver notices that Flimnap keeps looking at him with a frown on his face.
 Flimnap (like Skyresh Bolgolam) is a "secret enemy" (1.6.21) of Gulliver's.
 Flimnap uses this visit to Gulliver's house to point out to the Emperor that
Gulliver eats a huge amount, and that the Emperor's cash stores are starting to
get low as a result.
 One reason that Flimnap hates Gulliver is that there are rumors going around
that Flimnap's wife is having an affair with Gulliver (which, not to get dirty-
minded or anything, but how would that even work? She's six inches tall! Wait,
let's pretend we didn't say that – it's probably best not to think about the
logistics too much).
 Anyway, so Gulliver protests a lot that there is absolutely no truth to this
accusation.
 Flimnap eventually makes up with his wife, but never forgives Gulliver.
 Unfortunately, Flimnap has a lot of influence on the Emperor, and keeps
persuading him that the kingdom needs to get rid of Gulliver.
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Chapter - 7 For 2 months before Gulliver leaves Lilliput, there has been a plot building against him.
 The thing is, Gulliver has never had any personal experience of courts in his own country, but he has read
about them and all their backbiting and infighting.
 Still, Gulliver thought that the high morals of the Lilliputians would keep him safe from plots against him.
 He was wrong.
 Just as Gulliver is planning to visit Blefuscu, one of his friends at court comes by in the dead of night to warn
him that several committees have been formed to decide what should happen to Gulliver.
 Skyresh Bolgolam the admiral, Flimnap the treasurer, Limtoc the general, Lalcon the chamberlain, and
Balmuff the chief justice have issued articles of impeachment for treason against Gulliver.
 (By the way, the specific use of this term "Articles of Impeachment" is another historical reference. Once
again, please allow us to direct you to the Lilliputian "Character Analysis" for more information.)
 The lord who has come to warn Gulliver has also brought a copy of the articles of impeachment against
Gulliver, as follows:
 Article 1: According to a degree by an earlier Emperor, it is treason to pee within the royal palace. When
Gulliver put out the fire in the Empress's rooms using his urine, he broke this law.
 Article 2: When the Emperor ordered Gulliver to destroy the remainder of Blefuscu's boats, conquer its lands,
and execute all of the Lilliputian Big-Endian exiles and all those who would not convert to Little-Endianism,
Gulliver refused.
 Article 3: When ambassadors arrived from Blefuscu, Gulliver was nice to them, even though Lilliput is at war
with Blefuscu.
 Article 4: Gulliver is planning to go to Blefuscu, even though the Emperor has only given verbal (and not, we
assume, written) permission.
 Gulliver's enemies at court want him to be put to death in various miserable ways, but the Emperor feels bad
about just killing Gulliver like that.
 The Emperor asks Gulliver's friend Redresal, the principal secretary, his opinion.Submitted To : Mrs. Usha Bansal
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 Reldresal tells the Emperor that, yes, maybe Gulliver has committed grave crimes, but the Emperor
could still be merciful. Instead of killing Gulliver, why doesn't the Emperor just order Gulliver's eyes
put out? That way, Gulliver would still be able to help the Emperor with his great strength.
 The whole council is outraged at this suggestion, because Gulliver's strength is exactly the problem:
Bolgolam warns that Gulliver might flood the whole country with his urine or carry the Blefuscudian
fleet back to Blefuscu if he wanted to.
 Flimnap the treasurer tells the Emperor that Gulliver has to die because the cost of feeding him will
bankrupt Lilliput.
 The Emperor doesn't want to kill Gulliver, but he also thinks that just blinding Gulliver isn't enough.
So Redresal suggests that they stop feeding Gulliver. That way, they'd save money. What's more,
Gulliver's corpse would be relatively skinny, making it easier to get rid of.
 Everyone agrees on this compromise: they plan to starve him and to blind him.
 The plan is that, in three days, Redresal will come to Gulliver with the Articles of Impeachment.
 The only punishment the Lilliputians are actually going to reveal to Gulliver is the loss of his eyes; the
starvation part, they don't plan to tell him about directly.
 The lord who is telling Gulliver all of this finishes his story and heads out in secrecy, under cover of
night.
 Gulliver can't exactly see the mercy in this sentence: to be blinded and then starved seems plenty bad
to him.
 Gulliver considers standing trial in the hopes of getting some kind of reduced sentence, but, with so
many powerful enemies, he figures that won't work.
 Gulliver also thinks about laying siege to the capital city by throwing stones at it, but he rejects that
idea because he took an oath to the Emperor to be loyal.
 Finally, Gulliver decides to run away. He walks across the channel to Blefuscu, where the Blefuscudian
Emperor has been expecting him.
 The Blefuscudian Emperor comes to meet Gulliver, and Gulliver thanks him for his hospitality.
 Gulliver does not tell the Emperor of Blefuscu that he has fallen out of favor in Lilliput.
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Chapter - 8
 Three days after arriving in Blefuscu, Gulliver spots a real boat overturned in the
shallows off the coast of the island. Gulliver assumes that a storm has pulled it free
from the ship he arrived on, the Antelope.
 He gets 2,000 Blefuscudians to help him turn the boat right side up. It looks
undamaged.
 Gulliver asks the Blefuscudian Emperor for permission to go back home to his own
country, and the Emperor agrees.
 Gulliver wonders why the Lilliputian Emperor hasn't sent for news of him from the
Blefuscudian Emperor.
 Later, the Blefuscudian Emperor tells Gulliver that the Lilliputian Emperor has sent
a secret message to Blefuscu demanding the return of Gulliver in two hours, bound,
so that he can be punished as a traitor.
 The Blefuscudian Emperor replies that he can't do that to Gulliver because Gulliver
has done Blefuscu a favor by making peace between Lilliput and Blefuscu.
 But, the Blefuscudian Emperor adds, it's all okay: Gulliver has found a boat and is
going to sail away on his own steam, which will rid both Lilliput and Blefuscu of the
burden of his presence.
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 The Blefuscudian Emperor then offers Gulliver his protection in exchange for
Gulliver's service. Gulliver thanks him, but insists on going home, which is
actually a great relief to the Emperor of Blefuscu.
 After about a month, Gulliver has stocked his boat with provisions and
livestock (although he's not allowed to bring any Blefuscudians along, which he
had wanted to do).
 He sets out for Van Diemen's Land (modern-day Tasmania, in Australia) on
September 24, 1701.
 Two days later, Gulliver meets up by accident with a ship sailing back to
England from Japan.
 On the ship, there happens to be an old friend of Gulliver's, Peter Williams,
who tells the captain (Mr. John Biddell) that Gulliver is a good guy. On this
recommendation, Biddell lets Gulliver sail back to England with them.
 They arrive back home and Gulliver makes some cash showing his tiny cattle to
a paying audience.
 He only stays back in England for two months before he gets the urge to travel
again. He leaves behind his wife, son, and daughter, and boards the Adventure
bound for Surat, India.
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Guliver’s travel

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