The document describes a proposed smart car parking system using IoT technologies. Sensors in parking lots would monitor available spaces and cameras would automatically recognize license plates during registration. Parking data would be collected and analyzed to inform drivers of space availability and car status. The system aims to optimize parking utilization, increase safety, and decrease management costs. It could be implemented using a mix of local RF mesh networks and cellular connectivity. Potential business models for companies providing the IoT solution include revenue sharing, product-as-a-service, and transactional models. Key challenges involve ensuring reliable sensor and camera function amid interference and protecting privacy and data.

1. SMART
CAR
PARKING
By: Weena Jangjaroen
GSMA’s IoT Course
The Final Project
Picture from www.pexels.com

2. Like many cities, there are an increasing number of vehicles in
Bangkok. That causes not only traffic congestion but also inadequate
parking availability.
• Parking is equipped with sensors
that allow drivers to monitor
available and unavailable parking
lots and also can assign the
suitable parking lot for drivers
• In the parking entrance, there is a
camera captured the License
plate and with pattern
recognition the registration can
be done automatically
• Parking data is collected and
analyzed to help drivers know the
status of car (still parking or not),
parking time and parking fee
IoT solution
Smart car parking
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3. • Optimized parking – the drivers find the suitable available parking lot,
saving time, resources and effort. The parking lot fills up efficiently and
space can be utilized properly by commercial and corporate entities
• Increased safety – the car owners can check the status of their car
from application as well as parking lot employees and security guards
contain real-time lot data that can help prevent parking violations
and suspicious activity.
• Decreased management costs – more automation and less manual
activity saves on labor cost and resource exhaustion
Benefits
Smart car parking
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4. Smart car parking
Technologies
Feature Requirement Comment
Network Area Local Typically the area to be covered is indoors
Spectrum Dedicated or
Shared
Depends on the application. For most,
shared spectrum will be suitable, but some
applications may need dedicated
spectrum
Battery Life Typically NA Sensors and other devices can rely on a
local power source, and so battery life
typically is not a concern
Connectivity
Cost
Medium or Low Most of connectivity cost are expected to
be low, except the sensitive connection
Module Cost Medium or Low The sensors can be low cost but the
cameras might be costly as it need to be
accurate
Bandwidth Medium or Low Depends on the application being used

5. Smart car parking
Technologies (cont’d)
Feature Requirement Comment
Connection
technologies
Cellular and
local area
technology
Smart car parking can rely on a mix of
cellular and a local area technology, such
as RF-Mesh or LPWA.
RF-Mesh or LPWA can provide connectivity
between sensors within a local area
environment using shared spectrum.
3G may be used to provide connectivity
of cameras that used in registration
process and need quality of service
RF-Mesh LPWA 3G

6. Smart car parking
Most likely business models
Business models
Revenue of the IoT
company
Device ownership
Revenue-sharing Recurring IoT company
Cost-savings sharing Recurring IoT company
Product-sharing Usage IoT company
Product-as-a-Service Recurring IoT company
Performance-as-a-
Product
Usage User
Transactional Upfront User
Source: Analysys MasonMost likely business models

7. Under the revenue-sharing model, the IoT company
rents the solution to the car parking owner and is paid
based on the revenue. The IoT solution remains the
property of the IoT company and as a result it is also
maintained by the IoT company.
Smart car parking
Most likely business models (cont’d)
• The smart car parking solution can be commercially proposed to
car parking owner or land lord via many business models included
revenue-sharing, product-as-a-service and transactional.
With the product-as-a-service model the IoT company
rents the IoT solution for a fixed periodic fee that
includes the device, installation, maintenance, support
and connectivity.
Under the transactional model, the IoT company sells
the IoT solution for a one-off fee and gains additional
revenues from installation and customer support fees.

8. Smart car parking
Operational issues and policy topics
• Almost of all working areas is indoors
therefore there shouldn’t be any
problems of network coverage as it
should be fixed by designed.
However, there are a thousands of
sensors using and sharing the
unlicensed spectrum which other
devices nearby may also use it such
as RFID.
• A defective sensor and camera
could provide inaccurate
information, potentially affecting
productivity as well as creating
problems (in case the information
from camera creates wrong
information)
Operational
conditions
Interference
Sensor malfunction
Camera
malfunction

9. Smart car parking
• The information of car parking of
individual is sensitive as it can tell
some individual’s location and
behavior. Therefore, privacy and
data protection are very important
issues.
Operational issues and policy topics (cont’d)
Policy areas
Privacy
Data protection
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10. Picture from www.pexels.com
THANK
YOU
From: Thailand