Presentations from Australia's leading Waste Conference, May 02 ~ 04 2017 held in Coffs Harbour, NSW.

1. Growth of Organics Processing
Facilities in Canada:
From Conventional Composting to
Anaerobic Digestion
Michael Cant
Principal, GHD Canada
Waste 2017 Conference │ Coffs Harbour NSW │May 2-4, 2017

2. Overview
• General Facts
• Evolution of Organics Processing Technology
• Touch on Costs
• What is Next
Waste 2017 Conference │ Coffs Harbour NSW │May 2-4, 2017

3. Canada
Waste 2017 Conference │ Coffs Harbour NSW │May 2-4, 2017

4. Quick Facts
• 36,800,000 people in Canada in 2017
• 10 million square kilometers
• Generated 34.1 million tonnes of waste in 2014 or 961 kg/capita
• Diverted 9 million tonnes or 255 kg/capita
• Disposed 25.1 million tonnes or 707 kg/cap
• National Diversion rate of 26%
• Diversion can be as high as 40 to 60% in residential sector
Waste 2017 Conference │ Coffs Harbour NSW │May 2-4, 2017

5. Organics Programs Household Participation
23
9
17 19 16
8
30
18
22 21
38
27
21
91
69
32
13
34
23
27
22
30
61
43
96 94
58
42
75
56
47
56
6464
51
97 97
61
45
75
68
53
60
69
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
CAN NL PE NS NB QC ON MB SK AB BC
Percentageofallhouseholds
Province
1994 2006
2011 2013
Waste 2017 Conference │ Coffs Harbour NSW │May 2-4, 2017

6. Composting Facilities by Ownership
Western Canada Eastern Canada Total
Private facilities 20 45 65
Municipal facilities 71 56 127
Public-private partnerships 5 9 14
Total 95 109 204
Note: There are 8 AD facilities in Canada.
Waste 2017 Conference │ Coffs Harbour NSW │May 2-4, 2017

7. Organics Processing Capacities of Composting
Facilities in Canada
Western Canada Eastern Canada Total
Accepted 940,000 1,700,000 2,640,000
Capacity 1,800,000 2,300,000 4,100,000
Percentage 52% 74% 64%
Waste 2017 Conference │ Coffs Harbour NSW │May 2-4, 2017

8. Organic Waste Disposed in Canada
Year
Residential IC&I
Solid
Waste
Disposed
Solid
Waste
Disposed
(kg per
capita)
Organic
Waste
Disposed
Organic
Waste
Disposed
(kg per
capita)
Total Solid
Waste
Disposed
Total Solid
Waste
Disposed
(kg per
capita)
Total Solid
Waste
Disposed
Total Solid
Waste
Disposed
(kg per
capita)
2002 8.4 0.2760 15.6 0.5109 24.1 0.79 6.2 0.20
2004 8.96 0.2874 16.3 0.5217 25.2 0.81 6.6 0.21
2006 9.7 0.3064 16.7 0.5239 26.4 0.83 6.9 0.22
2008 9.4 0.2878 16.6 0.5097 25.9 0.80 6.7 0.20
2010 9.5 0.2846 15.5 0.4673 24.98 0.75 6.6 0.20
2012 9.6 0.2822 15.4 0.4542 25 0.74 6.6 0.19
2014 10 0.2868 15.1 0.4355 25.1 0.72 6.5 0.19
Note: Millions of tonnes
Waste 2017 Conference │ Coffs Harbour NSW │May 2-4, 2017

9. Open Windrow
Waste 2017 Conference │ Coffs Harbour NSW │May 2-4, 2017

10. Aerated Static Pile
Waste 2017 Conference │ Coffs Harbour NSW │May 2-4, 2017

11. Gore Composting – Walker Facility
Waste 2017 Conference │ Coffs Harbour NSW │May 2-4, 2017

12. In-vessel Systems
Waste 2017 Conference │ Coffs Harbour NSW │May 2-4, 2017

13. In-vessel Systems
Waste 2017 Conference │ Coffs Harbour NSW │May 2-4, 2017

14. Surrey Biofuel Facility - Dry AD
Waste 2017 Conference │ Coffs Harbour NSW │May 2-4, 2017

15. Surrey Biofuel Facility - Dry AD
Waste 2017 Conference │ Coffs Harbour NSW │May 2-4, 2017

16. Surrey Biofuel Facility – Tunnel Design
Waste 2017 Conference │ Coffs Harbour NSW │May 2-4, 2017

17. Surrey Biofuel Facility - Dry AD
Waste 2017 Conference │ Coffs Harbour NSW │May 2-4, 2017

18. Surrey Environmental Benefits
• 115,000 t diverted from landfill
• Eventual full elimination of CO2e from CNG waste
collection fleet based on RNG use
• 25% reduction in Surrey’s corporate CO2e through
RNG use
Waste 2017 Conference │ Coffs Harbour NSW │May 2-4, 2017

19. Tale of Two Digesters
Dufferin
• 55,000 tpy SSO
• Complete: Q4 2018
• Biogas => heat + RNG?
• Wet/dry separation
(Anaergia press)
• WWTP (BNR – SBR)
• Inorganic biofilter
Disco Road
• 75,000 tpy SSO
• Complete: 2013
• Biogas => heat + on-site
electricity + RNG?
• Density separation
(BTA hydropulper)
• WWTP (BNR – MBR)
• Inorganic biofilter
Waste 2017 Conference │ Coffs Harbour NSW │May 2-4, 2017

20. City of Toronto – Wet AD
Waste 2017 Conference │ Coffs Harbour NSW │May 2-4, 2017

21. City of Toronto – Wet AD
Waste 2017 Conference │ Coffs Harbour NSW │May 2-4, 2017

22. Disco Road
Waste 2017 Conference │ Coffs Harbour NSW │May 2-4, 2017

23. Pulping
Waste 2017 Conference │ Coffs Harbour NSW │May 2-4, 2017

24. Anaergia Press
Waste 2017 Conference │ Coffs Harbour NSW │May 2-4, 2017

25. Costs
Technology Capital costs Operating Costs
In-vessel $500 to $1000
per design tonne
$80 to $100 tonne
AD $600 to $1000
per design tonne
$70 to $110 tonne
AD Costs do not account for external use of biogas or carbon credit revenues
Waste 2017 Conference │ Coffs Harbour NSW │May 2-4, 2017

26. Lessons Learned
• Siting facilities can be difficult
• Odour is the number one issue don’t underestimate it
• Need a market for your end product
• Understand your feedstock – what you want to collect and how
• Look at your entire waste system from a costing perspective
• Don’t overestimate revenue
Waste 2017 Conference │ Coffs Harbour NSW │May 2-4, 2017

27. Single vs. Multi-Family
• Single detached homes are on the
decline in Toronto and parts GTA.
• This trend is common to many
jurisdictions across Canada and the
US
• Gap in diversion rates between
Single Family Homes and Multi-
Family Homes
• More recyclable/organic material
moving to a harder to capture
housing market
Waste 2017 Conference │ Coffs Harbour NSW │May 2-4, 2017

28. Multi-Family – Potential Case for MWP
• The challenge:
– Increased urban growth
– Intensification
– Achieving 60 to 75% diversion
rates
– Landfill bans
– Circular Economy
– Carbon reduction
Mechanical Separation , Horshman,
UK, MBT
Mechanical Separation and Anaerobic Digestion
Horsham , UK
Waste 2017 Conference │ Coffs Harbour NSW │May 2-4, 2017

29. Conclusion
• Significant Facility Development has occurred in
Canada
• Still have lots of organics in the waste stream
• Circular Economy, Carbon, higher diversion
rates are driving continued growth in organics
• AD is becoming a dominant new technology
• Mixed waste processing is being studied
Waste 2017 Conference │ Coffs Harbour NSW │May 2-4, 2017

30. Q & A
Thank You!
Waste 2017 Conference │ Coffs Harbour NSW │May 2-4, 2017

31. Contact Information
Michael Cant
65 Sunray Street
Whitby, Ontario Canada
L1N 8Y3
905-429-4971
michael.cant@ghd.com
Waste 2017 Conference │ Coffs Harbour NSW │May 2-4, 2017

32. www.ghd.com
Waste 2017 Conference │ Coffs Harbour NSW │May 2-4, 2017

33. The
Circular Economy
in the
Asia Pacific Region