This document summarizes a Senna tablet preparation for the treatment of constipation. It describes: 1) Extracting active substances from senna and peppermint plants using ethanol and combining the extract with lactose to form tablets. 2) The active constituents in senna (sennosides) and peppermint (menthol) that provide laxative and digestive effects. 3) Recommended doses of 34.4 mg sennosides twice daily for adults and children 12 and older to treat constipation. Side effects include stomach discomfort and diarrhea with long term use.

1. Senna tablet For treatment of constipation
Name of students: Dina Sherif Hassan – Mariam Mohammed Mahmoud Mahdy – Rehab Mohammed Ahmed – Esraa Atef Mohamed – Manar Ahmed Abdelaziz
Tasneem Abdelaleem Mohamed – Yara Sofi Ibrahim – Yasmeen Ataa Tawfik – Lamiaa Ali Ramadan – Hager Mohamed Abdullah – Somia Elsaid Abdelkarem
Prof Dr/ Abdelsalam Ibrahem - Dr/ Ahmed Ismail Sabry
Ass. Lecturer/ Shimaa M. Abdelgawad
Under supervision of 1.https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-16807-0_168
2. http://www.botanicalauthentication.org/index.php/Senna_alexandrina_(leaf)#Microscopic_Characteristics
3. https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/pharmacology-toxicology-and-pharmaceutical-science/senna
4.https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-652/senna
5.Areview extraction and standardiztion techniques of Senna leaves
References
-Cassia Senna (Сassia acutifolia Delile), or
Alexandrian senna (senna alexandrina Mill) and
Tinnevelly senna (Cassia angustifolia Vahl)
Family (Fabaceae/Leguminosae).
-Mentha Piperita, Peppermint.
Family (Lamiaceae).
Name and origin
1- Extraction of the active substances from the senna and
mentha plants.
A. macerated 15g senna powder and 5g mentha powder
in 70% ethanol for 24 hours then filter.
B. Leave to evaporate at room temperature to yield a
maceration crude extract.
2- Preparation of the tablets
A. Mix the extract with 4.5g lactose well.
B. Add 2ml of 70 % alcohol to make dough mass.
C. Compress the dough into the mold by spatula to ensure
filling all cavities. Leave tablets to dry for 2 hours.
Uses of plant
Active constituents in senna fruit:
-Dianthrone glycosides (hydroxyanthracene
glycosides) principally sennosides A and B.
-Small amounts of aloe-emodin and rhein 8-
glucosides, mucilage, flavonoids, and naphthalene
precursors.
Active constituents in mentha leaves:
-Volatile oils (menthol, menthone, menthyl
acetate).
-Flavonoids (methoside and rutin).
-Carotenes (tannins, betaine and choline).
Active constituents of plant
-Senna is likely effective for: (Constipation)
-Senna is possibly effective for emptying the
colon before colonoscopy.
-Mentha acts as: stimulant, antispasmodic,
carminative, antiseptic, analgesic, choleretic,
anxiolytic sedative.
Indication of the product
• Senna is likely safe for children over age 2
when taken by mouth for up to 1 week.
• Children ages 2-5 shouldn't take more than 8.6
mg sennosides twice daily.
• Children ages 6-11 shouldn't take more than
17.2 mg sennosides twice daily.
• Children 12 years and adult shouldn't take more
than 34.4 mg sennosides twice daily.
Dose of the product
1- Senna
• Senna has purgative property.
• It helps to increase peristalsis movement which also
causes reduction in water absorption.
• It has cathartic property.
• It is used to treat chronic constipation.
• It also has laxative property and senna is FDA- approved
over –the- counter(OTC) laxative
.• It is used to treat irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and
anal or rectal surgery.
• It is used to treat hemorrhoids and weight loss.
• It is an effective laxative in condition of pregnancy and
lactation.
2- Mentha
• Menthol relaxes the lower esophageal sphincter to
release pressure from the stomach.
• Menthol inhibits the hyperactivity of intestinal smooth
muscle through blocking the influx of calcium into the
muscle cell.
• It is used to treat gas, irritable bowel syndrome,
ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s, colic, and dyspepsia.
Procedure of preparation
Senna fruits, Mentha herb, Ethanol, Lactose.
Senna Mentha
Labiaceious hair
Macroscopical and microscopical features
Senna fruits Mentha leaves
Photo of prepared Product
Plant photos
Content of the product
• Senna can cause some side effects including
stomach discomfort, cramps, and diarrhea.
• Senna is possibly unsafe when used for longer
than 1 week or in doses above 34.4 mg
sennosides twice daily.
• Long-term use can cause the bowels to stop
functioning normally and might cause
dependence on laxatives.
• Long-term use can also cause liver damage and
other harmful effects.
• Peppermint can cause some side effects
including heartburn, dry mouth, nausea, and
vomiting.
Side effects of the products
Moderate Interactions:
1- Digoxin (Lanoxin) interacts with senna
Stimulant laxatives can decrease potassium levels in the
body. Low potassium levels can increase the risk of side
effects from digoxin.
2- Warfarin (Coumadin)
senna can cause diarrhea which increases the effects of
warfarin and increase the risk of bleeding.
3- Water pills (Diuretic drugs)
Senna can cause diarrhea and decrease potassium levels.
Diuretics can also decrease potassium levels. So
combination might make potassium levels drop too low.
4- Estrogens interacts with SENNA.
Precaution or contraindications of the product
Fayoum university
Faculty of Pharmacy
Pharmacognosy department