1. Southern Europe
Kristin Gunderson and Morgan Nicolas

2. Countries Included
• Greece
• Turkey
• Spain
• Portugal
• Italy
• Southern France

3. Trade Routes
• Crusaders established trade routes which developed the silk road
• Reconquista, which ended in 1648, resulted in the Age of
Discovery which established direct links with Africa, America and
Asia which brought several new food and immigrants to Southern
Europe

4. Common Foods of Greek Origin
• Olive oil, olives
• Chickpeas (garbanzo beans)
• Fish stew (bouillabaisse or zuppa di pesca alla marinara)

5. Common Foods of Muslim Origin
• Eggplant
• Lemon
• Oranges
• Sugar Cane
• Rice
• Sweet meats
• Spices

6. Common Foods of American Origin
• Chocolate
• Vanilla
• Tomatoes
• Avocado
• Chile Peppers
• Pinneapple
• White/Sweet Potatoes
• Corn
• Turkey

7. Common Foods of Indian Origin
• Coconut
• Banana
• Mangoes
• Sweet Oranges
• Spices (pepper, nutmeg, cinnamon and cloves)

8. Traditional Protein
• Meat: beef, goat, lamb, pork, veal
• Poultry: chicken, duck, goose, pigeon, turkey, woodcock
• Seafood: anchovies, bream, cod, haddock, halibut, salmon, trout, sardines,
octupus, squid, tuna, barnacles, clams, scallops, crab, mussels
• Eggs: chicken
• Legumes: chickpeas, fava, kidney beans, lentils, lupine beans, white beans

9. Traditional Carbohydrates
• Grains: cornmeal, rice, wheat (bread and farina)
• Fruits: apples, apricots, bananas, cherries, citron, dates, figs, grapefruit,
lemon, medlars, peaches, pears, pineapple, plums, pomegranates, oranges
• Vegetables: arugala, artichokes, asparagus, broccoli, cabbage, cardoon,
cauliflower, chicory, eggplant, endive, escarole, fennel, green beans, kale,
kohlrabi, mustard greens, olives, parsnips, pimentos, radicchio, swiss chard,
turnips, zucchini

10. Other Common Foods
• Nuts/seeds: almonds, hazelnuts, pine nuts (pignolis), walnuts, lupine seeds
• Beverages: coffee, chocolate, liquers, port, Madeira, sherry, flavored soda
(orzata), tea, wine
• Sweetners: honey, sugar

11. Traditional Seasoning
• Basil, bay leaf, black pepper, capers, cayenne pepper, chocolate, chervil,
cinnamon, cloves, coriander, cumin, dill, fennel, garlic, leeks, lemon juice,
marjoram, mint, mustard, nutmeg, onion, oregano, parsley, rosemary, saffron,
sage, tarragon, thyme, vinegar

12. Common Flavor Principles
• Olive Oil – Garlic – Basil – Nut
• Olive Oil – Onion – Pepper –
Tomato
• Olive Oil – Garlic – Basil – Nut
• Olive Oil – Onion – Pepper –
Tomato
• Wheat - Olives – Grapes
• Olive Oil – Garlic – Parsley and/or
Anchovy – Tomato
• Olive Oil – Garlic – Basil – Tomato
• Wine Vinegar – Garlic
• Tomato – Cinnamon
• Olive Oil – Lemon – Garlic –
Onions - Oregano

13. Chosen Recipes

14. Traditional Spanish Paella
Uses Flavors of: Olive oil, Garlic, Parsley, Onions, Lemon and Tomato
• 1 teaspoon saffron threads
• 3 (16-ounce) cans fat-free, less-sodium chicken broth
• 8 unpeeled jumbo shrimp (about 1/2 pound)
• 1 tablespoon olive oil
• 4 skinned, boned chicken thighs, cut in half
• 2 links Spanish chorizo sausage (about 6 1/2
ounces) or turkey kielbasa, cut into 1/2-inch-thick
slices
• 1 (4-ounce) slice prosciutto or 33%-less-sodium ham,
cut into 1-inch pieces
• 2 cups finely chopped onion
• 1 cup finely chopped red bell pepper
• 1 cup canned diced tomatoes, undrained
• 1 teaspoon sweet paprika
• 3 large garlic cloves, minced
• 3 cups uncooked Arborio rice or other short-grain
rice
• 1 cup frozen green peas
• 8 mussels, scrubbed and debearded
• 1/4 cup fresh lemon juice
• 1 cup chopped fresh parsley

15. Baklava
Uses Flavors of: Cinnamon, Honey, Vanilla and Nuts
• 1 (16 ounce) package phyllo dough
• 1 pound chopped nuts
• 1 cup butter
• 1 teaspoon ground cinnamon
• 1 cup water
• 1 cup white sugar
• 1 teaspoon vanilla extract
• 1/2 cup honey

16. Other Traditional Meals

17. Pizza Napoletana
Uses Flavors of: Olive Oil, Tomato, Garlic, Basil, Oregano and Anchovies
• 8 cups flour
• 1/2 cup extra virgin olive oil
• 3 teaspoons active dry yeast
• 5 teaspoons salt
• About 3 cups warm water
• 3 tomatoes, peeled, seeded and
pureed
• 2 garlic cloves
• 12 oz mozzarella
• 8 oz parmesan, freshly grated
• 1 bunch fresh basil
• Oregano
• Anchovies
• Salt
• Pepper

18. Minestrone
Uses Flavors of: Olive Oil, Onion, Garlic, Tomato, Basil
• 1 large onion, finely chopped
• 2 garlic cloves, crushed
• 3 tomatoes, peeled and cut into medium cubes
• 2 celery stalks, cut into pieces
• 1 zucchini, cut into medium cubes
• 3 carrots, peeled and cut into medium cubes
• 3 potatoes, peeled and cut into medium cubes
• 1/2 lb green beans, cut into pieces
• 1/2 lb peas
• 6 oz dry white beans
• 4 oz pasta or rice (optional)
• 4 cups water
• Olive oil
• Basil leaves
• Parmesan

19. Tuna Involtini (Involtini di Tonno)
Uses Flavors of: Olive Oil, Green Olives, Garlic, Oregano, Basil, Parsley, Lemon, Nuts, Currants,
Wine and Tomato
• 1 1/2 lb tuna
• 10 green olives, chopped
• 1 shallots, minced
• 1 garlic cloves, pressed
• 1 tablespoon fresh oregano
• 1 tablespoon fresh basil
• 1 tablespoon fresh parsley
• 2 tablespoons lemon juice
• 1 oz pine nuts, toasted
• 2 tablespoons extra virgin olive
oil
• 4 tablespoons grated parmesan
• 1 1/2 cup bread crumbs
• 1/4 cup dried currants
• 1/2 cup dry white wine (such as
Prosecco)
• 5 tomatoes, diced

20. Boquerones
Uses Flavors of: Anchovies, Garlic, Parsley, Wine Vinegar, Olive Oil
• 1 lb fresh anchovies
• 2 garlic cloves, whole
• 1 bunch of parsley, chopped
• 1 cup white vinegar
• 2 tablespoon kosher salt
• Olive oil

21. Bacalhau de Gomes de Sa
Uses Flavors of: Onion, Garlic, Olive oil, Olives, Parsley
• 2 lb of salted cod
• 2 lb potatoes
• 2 cups milk
• 3 onions, sliced
• 3 garlic cloves, crushed
• 4 hard-boiled eggs
• 1/2 cup olive oil
• 20 black olives
• 1 bunch parsley
• Salt
• Pepper

22. Caldo Verde
Uses Flavors of: Garlic, Olive Oil
• 4 garlic cloves, chopped
• 2 scallions, chopped
• 1 lb collard greens or leafy kale
• 2 lb potatoes, peeled and diced
• 1/2 lb chouriço or chorizo, thinly sliced
• 1/2 cup + 2 tablespoons virgin olive oil
• Salt
• Pepper

23. Befanini
Uses Flavors of: Lemon and Rum
• 4 cups flour
• 14 tablespoons butter,
soft
• 1 cup sugar
• 1/4 cup milk
• Zest of 1 lemon
• 5 eggs
• 1/2 teaspoon baking
powder
• 1 pinch of salt
• 2 tablespoons rum
• Small multicolored
sprinkles

24. Fiadone
Uses Flavors of: Lemon and Brandy
• 1 lb brocciu
• 1/2 lb sugar
• 4 whole eggs
• Zest of 2 organic lemons
• 1 tablespoon of brandy

25. Chocolate con Churros
Uses Flavors of: Chocolate
• 2 cups of water
• 2 cups flour
• 1/3 cup powdered sugar
• 1 pinch salt
• Vegetable oil for frying
• 2 cups whole milk
• 5 oz dark chocolate
• 1 tablespoon cornstarch