2. DEFINITION FOR PUMS AND SIPHONAGE ACTIONS.
• Pump Definition
A pump is a device that is used for lifting liquid from the ground
reserves or low-level storage to the upper levels or surfaces even from one place to another.
Pumps are operated by a mechanism that is rotary and reciprocating in
nature and it consumes energy while performing mechanical work which is
moving fluid from one place to another. It can be operated by many
energy resources which include
3. DEFINITION FOR PUMS AND SIPHONAGE
ACTIONS.
• Siphonage actions
A siphon is a way of draining a tank at a high level from the top to another
one at a lower level. The tank is not drained from the bottom
but by a tube that exits the upper tank from the top and then turns downward to the
lower tank. Or it could be from the side as long as one part of the tube goes above
the liquid surface of the top tank. Surprisingly the liquid will move upward against gravity,
a feat not possible in the world of solids. This is due to the low pressure that keeps
the liquid in the top part of the siphon from falling and the connection
between fluid particles that pressure provides.
4.
5. IMPORTANCE OF PUMPS
•Gear pump can transfer high-viscosity
fluid easily.
•Ability to make high pressure.
•Design and construction are easy.
•Cheap price.
•Low cavitation.
•Simple operation.
•Bi-rotational operation.
6. IMPORTANCE OF SIPHONAGE ACTIONS
Siphons are a relatively cheap – compared to pumping –
and effective way of lowering water tables and preventing
salinization on hillside seeps where there is sufficient land
slope and suitable aquifer conditions. Siphons are used to
convert widespread discharge (the seep) to a point of discharge.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siphon
8. HORIZONTAL CENTRIFUGAL PUMP
A horizontal centrifugal pump will haveits shaft placedhorizontally, typically between the
bearings or overhung. Meanwhile, a vertical centrifugal pump has a shaft that is oriented
vertically. The design of the shaft is radial split and overhang whiles Vertical turbine pumps
are centrifugal pumps, also known as the vertical pump, deep well, or line shaft pump. They
are built to be fully submerged in water and are designed to move water from underground
wells or reservoirs.
10. RECIPROCATING PUMPS AND ROTARY PUMPS
Reciprocating pumps are usedwhere a preciseamount of fluid is required to be delivered, and
also where the delivery pressurerequired is higher than canbe achievedwith other types. The
fluid is moved by the means of a piston that travels in a cylinder while the Rotary pump is a
valvelesspump in whichthe fluid is positivelypushed by meshing vanes on parallel revolving
shafts and meshing screws into the dischargepipe.
12. THE CONCEPT OF HEAD IN RELATION TO THE PUMP
The head is the maximum height that a pump can move fluid against gravity. The purest
example of this is if you have a vertical pipe extending straight up from the discharge outlet. A
pump with 5m of the head will pump fluid up the pipe 5m from the discharge outlet.
13. HOW HEAD AFFECTS THE PERFORMANCE OF PUMPS
When the pump head is zero, the water flows at the maximum rate. The result of a zero pump
head is that the pump's energy can be entirely applied to moving water, rather than lifting it,
so flow is faster. As the pump head increases, flow decreases, and vice versa.
15. SOME COMMON APPLICATIONS OF PUMPS
• pump is used for irrigation, water supply, gasoline supply, air conditioning systems,
refrigeration (usually calleda compressor), chemical movement, sewage movement, flood
control, marine services, etc.
• In Irrigationpumps are used to pump water from a lower to a higher level from which the
water then flows through channels to the fields requiring irrigation (lift operation) or to raise
it to the required pressure head so that it can be sprayed on the fields via piping systems
(sprinkling).
16.
17. SIPHONAGE
• Siphonage The siphon is similar to the
pumping of fluid, the flow is downward and
there is no pump. The main difference
between the two systems is the direction of
the liquid, seeing as the liquid can't tell
which direction it's going there will also be
low pressure at the high point in the pump
system.
