Green care uses nature-based activities to promote health and well-being. It has a long history dating back to the 13th century where farms and gardens were used to care for those with mental illnesses. While hospital farms declined in the mid-20th century due to new drug treatments, various nature-based therapies have since developed and consolidated, including horticultural therapy, care farming, animal-assisted therapy, and ecotherapy. Green care provides benefits such as social inclusion, structure, identity and attention restoration through experiences with and activities in nature.
Environments that Promote Mental Health and WellbeingangeliaGeo
Environments that promote mental health and wellbeing. Three key points:
1) Mental health is influenced by multiple social, environmental, and biological factors. Contact with nature through green spaces and gardens is beneficial for mental health and wellbeing.
2) A pilot study in Australia called "Feel Blue, Touch Green" found nature-based activities improved participants' mental health, confidence, stress and anxiety levels, and social connections.
3) Exposure to nature is restorative and therapeutic, lowering stress and improving mood. Access to green spaces and nature is important for promoting population mental health.
Development of Green Care in Western European CountriesElisaMendelsohn
This article reviews green care interventions across Western European countries. It defines green care as using natural elements like plants and animals to promote health, social, or educational benefits. The most common interventions are care farming, animal-assisted interventions, social and therapeutic horticulture, and healing gardens. However, green care implementation varies between countries based on differences in how interventions originally developed from agriculture, healthcare, or other sectors.
Beyond Blue to Green: The Benefits of Contact with Nature for Mental Health and Well-Being
`
For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214 ~
`
Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079 ~
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348 ~
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440 ~
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110 ~
Healthy Planet, Healthy People: Shaping a Sustainable Healthy FutureangeliaGeo
This document is the summer 2006 issue of the VicHealth Letter, which discusses topics related to shaping a sustainable and healthy future. It contains articles about connecting with nature and its benefits for health and wellbeing. Cities around the world are focusing on health, wellbeing and ecological sustainability. The value of partnerships to achieve mutual environmental and health benefits is also discussed. The issue aims to reinforce the links between environments and human health.
Health, Well-being and Social Inclusion: Therapeutic Horticulture in the UKangeliaGeo
This executive summary evaluates a 3-year research project on the benefits of horticultural therapy. The study found that gardening projects provide social, physical, and mental health benefits to vulnerable adults, including opportunities for social interaction, exercise, skill-building, and stress reduction. Participants experienced improvements in self-esteem, social inclusion, and overall well-being. The report recommends expanding such programs and recognizing horticultural therapy as a profession to further promote health and social inclusion.
The chapter discusses different approaches to environmental ethics from both religious and secular perspectives. From a Christian viewpoint, there are differing interpretations of passages in Genesis regarding humanity's relationship to nature. Some see dominion over nature as allowing unchecked use, while others advocate stewardship, seeing humanity as caretakers with a duty to protect the intrinsic value of God's creation. Secular approaches include deep ecology, which sees all life as equally valuable, and shallow ecology, where nature is protected to benefit humanity. End-times theology held by some argues current environmental crises don't matter as the world will soon be destroyed. Overall, the chapter examines complex debates around humanity's role and responsibilities regarding the natural world.
Health and the Natural Outdoors: Strategic Workshop ReportElisaMendelsohn
This document provides a summary of the findings from a COST Strategic Workshop on health and the natural outdoors. Some key findings include:
1) There is convincing evidence that contact with nature, animals, and plants provides benefits to human health and well-being.
2) Access to nature should be considered in public health policy in Europe, with examples of practices that could be adopted more widely.
3) A more persuasive evidence base is needed on the links between natural environments and health, looking at different groups and mechanisms.
4) Future research requires common frameworks, definitions, and more rigorous methodologies to improve acceptance and enable cross-border comparisons.
This document provides an overview of a presentation on biophilic cities and integrating nature into urban design. It discusses the theoretical basis for combining biophilic and urban design concepts. Some key points include:
- Biophilia refers to humans' innate attraction to nature and living processes. Biophilic design aims to incorporate natural elements and inspire connections to nature in the built environment.
- Several principles of biophilic design are discussed, including providing access to nature in cities through urban forests and gardens.
- The presentation examines how place attachment and sense of place can be strengthened by connecting culture, history and ecology in urban design.
- Biophilic urban design approaches are applied at different scales from individual
Environments that Promote Mental Health and WellbeingangeliaGeo
Environments that promote mental health and wellbeing. Three key points:
1) Mental health is influenced by multiple social, environmental, and biological factors. Contact with nature through green spaces and gardens is beneficial for mental health and wellbeing.
2) A pilot study in Australia called "Feel Blue, Touch Green" found nature-based activities improved participants' mental health, confidence, stress and anxiety levels, and social connections.
3) Exposure to nature is restorative and therapeutic, lowering stress and improving mood. Access to green spaces and nature is important for promoting population mental health.
Development of Green Care in Western European CountriesElisaMendelsohn
This article reviews green care interventions across Western European countries. It defines green care as using natural elements like plants and animals to promote health, social, or educational benefits. The most common interventions are care farming, animal-assisted interventions, social and therapeutic horticulture, and healing gardens. However, green care implementation varies between countries based on differences in how interventions originally developed from agriculture, healthcare, or other sectors.
Beyond Blue to Green: The Benefits of Contact with Nature for Mental Health and Well-Being
`
For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214 ~
`
Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079 ~
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348 ~
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440 ~
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110 ~
Healthy Planet, Healthy People: Shaping a Sustainable Healthy FutureangeliaGeo
This document is the summer 2006 issue of the VicHealth Letter, which discusses topics related to shaping a sustainable and healthy future. It contains articles about connecting with nature and its benefits for health and wellbeing. Cities around the world are focusing on health, wellbeing and ecological sustainability. The value of partnerships to achieve mutual environmental and health benefits is also discussed. The issue aims to reinforce the links between environments and human health.
Health, Well-being and Social Inclusion: Therapeutic Horticulture in the UKangeliaGeo
This executive summary evaluates a 3-year research project on the benefits of horticultural therapy. The study found that gardening projects provide social, physical, and mental health benefits to vulnerable adults, including opportunities for social interaction, exercise, skill-building, and stress reduction. Participants experienced improvements in self-esteem, social inclusion, and overall well-being. The report recommends expanding such programs and recognizing horticultural therapy as a profession to further promote health and social inclusion.
The chapter discusses different approaches to environmental ethics from both religious and secular perspectives. From a Christian viewpoint, there are differing interpretations of passages in Genesis regarding humanity's relationship to nature. Some see dominion over nature as allowing unchecked use, while others advocate stewardship, seeing humanity as caretakers with a duty to protect the intrinsic value of God's creation. Secular approaches include deep ecology, which sees all life as equally valuable, and shallow ecology, where nature is protected to benefit humanity. End-times theology held by some argues current environmental crises don't matter as the world will soon be destroyed. Overall, the chapter examines complex debates around humanity's role and responsibilities regarding the natural world.
Health and the Natural Outdoors: Strategic Workshop ReportElisaMendelsohn
This document provides a summary of the findings from a COST Strategic Workshop on health and the natural outdoors. Some key findings include:
1) There is convincing evidence that contact with nature, animals, and plants provides benefits to human health and well-being.
2) Access to nature should be considered in public health policy in Europe, with examples of practices that could be adopted more widely.
3) A more persuasive evidence base is needed on the links between natural environments and health, looking at different groups and mechanisms.
4) Future research requires common frameworks, definitions, and more rigorous methodologies to improve acceptance and enable cross-border comparisons.
This document provides an overview of a presentation on biophilic cities and integrating nature into urban design. It discusses the theoretical basis for combining biophilic and urban design concepts. Some key points include:
- Biophilia refers to humans' innate attraction to nature and living processes. Biophilic design aims to incorporate natural elements and inspire connections to nature in the built environment.
- Several principles of biophilic design are discussed, including providing access to nature in cities through urban forests and gardens.
- The presentation examines how place attachment and sense of place can be strengthened by connecting culture, history and ecology in urban design.
- Biophilic urban design approaches are applied at different scales from individual
The document discusses developing an evidence-based research and development strategy for occupational therapists. It outlines that such a strategy is needed to meet government policy requirements, professional body requirements, and standards for registration. It recommends auditing current skills and interests, gaining support from trust leadership, and developing a strategy that specifies goals, methods, and required resources to improve research skills and conduct practice-based research.
1) The document discusses how users feel about the appearance of assistive devices and its impact on their occupational participation and independence.
2) The literature review found that acceptance of assistive devices depends on incorporating them into one's self-image of independence rather than disability, and people feel stigmatized by devices that are very visible as disability aids.
3) More thoughtful design of assistive devices that considers both function and form is likely to lead to greater acceptance and increased occupational participation.
Waiting list targets were introduced in the UK to improve access to healthcare services but have unintended consequences. Occupational therapists feel the targets limit the scope of their work and focus more on quantity over quality. A data collection tool is being developed to gather evidence on the impact of waiting list targets on occupational therapy services, such as larger caseloads and pressure to accept more referrals regardless of appropriateness. Feedback will be collected on the draft tool to finalize it for use by occupational therapists.
This research proposal aims to investigate the concepts of creativity, curiosity, spontaneity, playfulness and flow and their relationship to leisure activities and occupational therapy. The author conducted a literature review which found limited research directly comparing play and flow. The proposal seeks to independently study the meanings of playfulness and flow and identify if experiences of flow occur during self-perceived creative leisure occupations. The overall research question is to improve understanding of playfulness and its relationship to flow to help develop creative intervention in occupational therapy.
The document discusses the implementation of the Model of Human Occupation (MOHO) across multiple mental health trusts in the UK. It summarizes the following key points:
1) MOHO was chosen as the primary occupational therapy model due to its strong evidence base and standardized assessment tools. Infrastructure was established, including purchasing assessment tools and appointing a practice development occupational therapist.
2) Training workshops were held to educate therapists on applying MOHO in practice. Ongoing support mechanisms like clinical forums and the UK Centre for Outcomes Research & Evaluation were also provided.
3) Preliminary results showed over 500 MOHO assessments were completed across multiple services. Outcome measurement tools demonstrated improvements in clients' scores from
The slideshow introduces the British Association and College of Occupational Therapists (BAOT/COT), the professional body and trade union for occupational therapists in the UK. It discusses the structure and roles of the BAOT and COT. The BAOT/COT sets educational requirements, standards for practice, and provides resources like professional indemnity and journals for members. Members can influence the organization through councils, boards, committees, and special interest sections. The slideshow provides information on decision making processes and resources available to members.
The article discusses the best pictures taken in the past year according to various publications and photo agencies. National Geographic magazine selected a photo of a Syrian refugee father holding his daughter as their picture of the year for 2015. Getty Images also chose a photo related to the European migrant crisis as one of their best photos of the year.
The document discusses the main parts of a plant and their functions. It identifies the roots, stem, leaves, flowers, seeds, and fruits as the basic plant parts. The roots absorb water and nutrients from the soil and anchor the plant. The stem transports water and nutrients between the roots and other parts, and supports the plant. The leaves use sunlight to photosynthesize and produce food for the plant. Flowers hold the seeds and fruits contain seeds which can grow into new plants.
Basic presentation of the parts of a plant and of the life cycle of plants. Pitched at about the 2nd, 3rd or 4th grade level. Lots of descriptive pictures and diagrams.
1) Plants need sunlight, water, air, and soil to grow. They take in water and nutrients through their roots and transport them throughout the plant.
2) Plants have different parts including flowers, leaves, roots, and stems. They produce fruits and vegetables that humans can eat such as apples, carrots, celery, and lettuce.
3) Plants are living things that grow, reproduce through seeds, and eventually die. Common plants include trees, bushes, and grass.
The document discusses the elements and benefits of healing gardens. It notes that research has shown positive correlations between being in natural environments like gardens and improvements in mental, physical, and emotional well-being. Specifically, it mentions that exposure to green spaces can help reduce stress and aid recovery from surgery or medical issues. The document then outlines how horticultural therapy can provide therapeutic benefits through structured activities in gardens, giving examples for helping those with brain injuries, disabilities, mental illnesses, and other conditions. Finally, it emphasizes that all gardening can provide therapeutic effects and encourages thinking about how to help others achieve well-being through nature.
This document provides an overview of ecological anthropology and cultural ecology. It discusses different approaches to studying the relationship between human cultures and the environment, including cultural ecology, cultural materialism, and political ecology. Key points covered include how cultural systems adapt to the environment through organization, social networks, settlement patterns, and technology. It also discusses how traditional knowledge systems classify environmental information and the ways eco-anthropologists can utilize this traditional knowledge.
People-Plant Interaction: The Physiological, Psychological and Sociological Effects of Plants on People
`
For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214
`
Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159`
`
Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159
`
Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110
This is the presentation of Davide Pettenella at the event "Enabling nature-based health and social care through Knowledge Alliances" of the 1st Decemeber 2021.
This event was jointly organized by Green4C and Connecting Nature. Learn more about the event here:
https://www.greenforcare.eu/news/green-care-knowledge-alliances/
Celebration Of Learning Powerpoint FinalERIN CHAPIN
This power point discusses the relationship between Global Health, Psychiatric Nursing, and Horticulture Therapy and has been created for the Bachelor of Psychiatric Nursing program at Kwantlen Polytechnic University. To capture the full scope, this powerpoint includes information on the Eden Philosophy, Howard Gardner's naturalistics learning styles, a link to mass horticulture and the environment, horticulture therapy, a link between aboriginals and nature to health and well-being, and a video linking the sustainabe region in Vancouver BC.
The document discusses various perspectives on environmental ethics and caring for the environment. It begins by outlining objectives to raise awareness about human impacts on the environment and benefits of clean surroundings. It then covers different cultural worldviews, such as Eastern perspectives seeing humans as coexisting with spiritual beings. Western views see environment through science and consequences of human actions. Later, it discusses anthropocentric and ecocentric models and theories like deep ecology, social ecology, and ecofeminism that value environmental conservation and care. The document emphasizes that protecting the planet requires individual actions like reducing waste and volunteering for cleanups. Overall, it provides an overview of ethical, cultural and theoretical lenses for understanding human relationships with the environment.
Growing Your Medicine, Asheville Organic Grower's School (March 9-11, 2018)Cassandra Lee Nicholson
To help YOU integrate healing plants into a truly amazing life, the class on “Growing Your Medicine” will be a collaborative experience to explore and investigate the benefits available to all people interested in growing their medicine, whether that be the food that Hippocrates touted, and/or the healing plants from herbalism’s traditions: the people’s medicine as it is called. what a good name...
This class will cover:
(1) Research-based mental, physical and emotional benefits of working the land, and
(2) Easily applicable teachings on easy-to-grow, easy-to-use plants.
This document discusses the practice of Shinrin-Yoku, or forest bathing, which originated in Japan as a way to improve mental and physical health through spending time in forest environments. It provides background on Shinrin-Yoku, explaining how research has shown benefits such as reduced stress, lowered depression, improved mood and memory, enhanced immune function, and decreased blood pressure. The document also discusses organizations promoting Shinrin-Yoku globally and provides guidance on how to incorporate forest bathing into a wellness practice or lifestyle.
Scope and importance of environmental studieskanhaSahu5
The document provides an overview of environmental studies, including its scope, importance, multidisciplinary nature, and key institutions and figures involved in the field in India. It notes that environmental studies examines the interrelationships between organisms and their surrounding environment. It also discusses the need for public awareness of environmental issues and some suggested activities for further engagement.
Investigaton of the links between the Natural Environment, Biodiversity and M...KlausGroenholm
This report summarizes evidence linking contact with nature and green spaces to positive mental health benefits. There are three main theories proposed: biophilia hypothesis suggests an evolutionary attraction to nature; attention restoration theory suggests nature helps recharge directed attention; and psychophysiological stress recovery theory suggests nature rapidly reduces stress levels. The report finds nature may benefit children's self-discipline and ADHD symptoms, help cope with poverty, crime and aggression, benefit the elderly and those with dementia, and improve hospital and community environments. Overall, the evidence suggests contact with nature can positively impact mental health and wellbeing.
This document provides an overview of key concepts in environmental science, including:
1) It defines the environment and discusses how humans exist within and impact the environment.
2) It explains that environmental science studies human interactions with the natural world and how to develop solutions to environmental problems.
3) It discusses sustainability and sustainable development as important goals for environmental science.
The document discusses developing an evidence-based research and development strategy for occupational therapists. It outlines that such a strategy is needed to meet government policy requirements, professional body requirements, and standards for registration. It recommends auditing current skills and interests, gaining support from trust leadership, and developing a strategy that specifies goals, methods, and required resources to improve research skills and conduct practice-based research.
1) The document discusses how users feel about the appearance of assistive devices and its impact on their occupational participation and independence.
2) The literature review found that acceptance of assistive devices depends on incorporating them into one's self-image of independence rather than disability, and people feel stigmatized by devices that are very visible as disability aids.
3) More thoughtful design of assistive devices that considers both function and form is likely to lead to greater acceptance and increased occupational participation.
Waiting list targets were introduced in the UK to improve access to healthcare services but have unintended consequences. Occupational therapists feel the targets limit the scope of their work and focus more on quantity over quality. A data collection tool is being developed to gather evidence on the impact of waiting list targets on occupational therapy services, such as larger caseloads and pressure to accept more referrals regardless of appropriateness. Feedback will be collected on the draft tool to finalize it for use by occupational therapists.
This research proposal aims to investigate the concepts of creativity, curiosity, spontaneity, playfulness and flow and their relationship to leisure activities and occupational therapy. The author conducted a literature review which found limited research directly comparing play and flow. The proposal seeks to independently study the meanings of playfulness and flow and identify if experiences of flow occur during self-perceived creative leisure occupations. The overall research question is to improve understanding of playfulness and its relationship to flow to help develop creative intervention in occupational therapy.
The document discusses the implementation of the Model of Human Occupation (MOHO) across multiple mental health trusts in the UK. It summarizes the following key points:
1) MOHO was chosen as the primary occupational therapy model due to its strong evidence base and standardized assessment tools. Infrastructure was established, including purchasing assessment tools and appointing a practice development occupational therapist.
2) Training workshops were held to educate therapists on applying MOHO in practice. Ongoing support mechanisms like clinical forums and the UK Centre for Outcomes Research & Evaluation were also provided.
3) Preliminary results showed over 500 MOHO assessments were completed across multiple services. Outcome measurement tools demonstrated improvements in clients' scores from
The slideshow introduces the British Association and College of Occupational Therapists (BAOT/COT), the professional body and trade union for occupational therapists in the UK. It discusses the structure and roles of the BAOT and COT. The BAOT/COT sets educational requirements, standards for practice, and provides resources like professional indemnity and journals for members. Members can influence the organization through councils, boards, committees, and special interest sections. The slideshow provides information on decision making processes and resources available to members.
The article discusses the best pictures taken in the past year according to various publications and photo agencies. National Geographic magazine selected a photo of a Syrian refugee father holding his daughter as their picture of the year for 2015. Getty Images also chose a photo related to the European migrant crisis as one of their best photos of the year.
The document discusses the main parts of a plant and their functions. It identifies the roots, stem, leaves, flowers, seeds, and fruits as the basic plant parts. The roots absorb water and nutrients from the soil and anchor the plant. The stem transports water and nutrients between the roots and other parts, and supports the plant. The leaves use sunlight to photosynthesize and produce food for the plant. Flowers hold the seeds and fruits contain seeds which can grow into new plants.
Basic presentation of the parts of a plant and of the life cycle of plants. Pitched at about the 2nd, 3rd or 4th grade level. Lots of descriptive pictures and diagrams.
1) Plants need sunlight, water, air, and soil to grow. They take in water and nutrients through their roots and transport them throughout the plant.
2) Plants have different parts including flowers, leaves, roots, and stems. They produce fruits and vegetables that humans can eat such as apples, carrots, celery, and lettuce.
3) Plants are living things that grow, reproduce through seeds, and eventually die. Common plants include trees, bushes, and grass.
The document discusses the elements and benefits of healing gardens. It notes that research has shown positive correlations between being in natural environments like gardens and improvements in mental, physical, and emotional well-being. Specifically, it mentions that exposure to green spaces can help reduce stress and aid recovery from surgery or medical issues. The document then outlines how horticultural therapy can provide therapeutic benefits through structured activities in gardens, giving examples for helping those with brain injuries, disabilities, mental illnesses, and other conditions. Finally, it emphasizes that all gardening can provide therapeutic effects and encourages thinking about how to help others achieve well-being through nature.
This document provides an overview of ecological anthropology and cultural ecology. It discusses different approaches to studying the relationship between human cultures and the environment, including cultural ecology, cultural materialism, and political ecology. Key points covered include how cultural systems adapt to the environment through organization, social networks, settlement patterns, and technology. It also discusses how traditional knowledge systems classify environmental information and the ways eco-anthropologists can utilize this traditional knowledge.
People-Plant Interaction: The Physiological, Psychological and Sociological Effects of Plants on People
`
For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214
`
Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159`
`
Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159
`
Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110
This is the presentation of Davide Pettenella at the event "Enabling nature-based health and social care through Knowledge Alliances" of the 1st Decemeber 2021.
This event was jointly organized by Green4C and Connecting Nature. Learn more about the event here:
https://www.greenforcare.eu/news/green-care-knowledge-alliances/
Celebration Of Learning Powerpoint FinalERIN CHAPIN
This power point discusses the relationship between Global Health, Psychiatric Nursing, and Horticulture Therapy and has been created for the Bachelor of Psychiatric Nursing program at Kwantlen Polytechnic University. To capture the full scope, this powerpoint includes information on the Eden Philosophy, Howard Gardner's naturalistics learning styles, a link to mass horticulture and the environment, horticulture therapy, a link between aboriginals and nature to health and well-being, and a video linking the sustainabe region in Vancouver BC.
The document discusses various perspectives on environmental ethics and caring for the environment. It begins by outlining objectives to raise awareness about human impacts on the environment and benefits of clean surroundings. It then covers different cultural worldviews, such as Eastern perspectives seeing humans as coexisting with spiritual beings. Western views see environment through science and consequences of human actions. Later, it discusses anthropocentric and ecocentric models and theories like deep ecology, social ecology, and ecofeminism that value environmental conservation and care. The document emphasizes that protecting the planet requires individual actions like reducing waste and volunteering for cleanups. Overall, it provides an overview of ethical, cultural and theoretical lenses for understanding human relationships with the environment.
Growing Your Medicine, Asheville Organic Grower's School (March 9-11, 2018)Cassandra Lee Nicholson
To help YOU integrate healing plants into a truly amazing life, the class on “Growing Your Medicine” will be a collaborative experience to explore and investigate the benefits available to all people interested in growing their medicine, whether that be the food that Hippocrates touted, and/or the healing plants from herbalism’s traditions: the people’s medicine as it is called. what a good name...
This class will cover:
(1) Research-based mental, physical and emotional benefits of working the land, and
(2) Easily applicable teachings on easy-to-grow, easy-to-use plants.
This document discusses the practice of Shinrin-Yoku, or forest bathing, which originated in Japan as a way to improve mental and physical health through spending time in forest environments. It provides background on Shinrin-Yoku, explaining how research has shown benefits such as reduced stress, lowered depression, improved mood and memory, enhanced immune function, and decreased blood pressure. The document also discusses organizations promoting Shinrin-Yoku globally and provides guidance on how to incorporate forest bathing into a wellness practice or lifestyle.
Scope and importance of environmental studieskanhaSahu5
The document provides an overview of environmental studies, including its scope, importance, multidisciplinary nature, and key institutions and figures involved in the field in India. It notes that environmental studies examines the interrelationships between organisms and their surrounding environment. It also discusses the need for public awareness of environmental issues and some suggested activities for further engagement.
Investigaton of the links between the Natural Environment, Biodiversity and M...KlausGroenholm
This report summarizes evidence linking contact with nature and green spaces to positive mental health benefits. There are three main theories proposed: biophilia hypothesis suggests an evolutionary attraction to nature; attention restoration theory suggests nature helps recharge directed attention; and psychophysiological stress recovery theory suggests nature rapidly reduces stress levels. The report finds nature may benefit children's self-discipline and ADHD symptoms, help cope with poverty, crime and aggression, benefit the elderly and those with dementia, and improve hospital and community environments. Overall, the evidence suggests contact with nature can positively impact mental health and wellbeing.
This document provides an overview of key concepts in environmental science, including:
1) It defines the environment and discusses how humans exist within and impact the environment.
2) It explains that environmental science studies human interactions with the natural world and how to develop solutions to environmental problems.
3) It discusses sustainability and sustainable development as important goals for environmental science.
This document provides an overview of key concepts in environmental science, including major environmental problems, tools used to study the environment, human impacts on the environment, natural resources, population growth, environmental ethics, worldviews, the scientific process, and sustainability. It discusses concepts like the tragedy of the commons, different ethical perspectives including anthropocentrism and biocentrism, and conclusions about the challenges and solutions regarding environmental issues.
This document provides an overview of key concepts in environmental science, including major environmental problems, tools used to study the environment, human impacts on the environment, natural resources, population growth, environmental ethics, worldviews, the scientific process, and sustainability. It discusses concepts like the tragedy of the commons and perspectives including anthropocentrism, biocentrism, and ecocentrism.
- Research shows that spending time in nature has physiological and psychological benefits such as reducing stress and improving mood and well-being.
- "Green exercise", or physical activity in natural environments, has been shown to lower heart rate and blood pressure in response to stress and enhance recovery from stress. The effects of green exercise may last over 12 hours.
- Ecotherapy interventions, which incorporate nature-based activities, significantly increase participants' well-being, self-esteem, social inclusion, and connection to nature over the course of a program.
Nigel Crisp gave a presentation on building a health creating society where everyone has a role to play in creating healthy and robust citizens and communities. He discussed how modern societies actively market unhealthy lifestyles and how health is influenced by factors outside of healthcare like one's home, work, education, environment, and community. Crisp argued that like in 1948 when all parts of healthcare came together around universal healthcare, all elements of society that impact health need to work together to build a health creating society.
Environmental studies is the interdisciplinary study of how humans interact with the environment. It includes subjects like humanities, commerce, meteorology, climatology, geography and others. Studying environmental studies provides basic knowledge of our surroundings and develops skills to identify and solve environmental problems to maintain ecological balance and sustainable development. The scope of environmental studies includes environmental management, research and development, pollution control, ecosystem structure and function, and natural resource conservation. Popular methods to generate environmental awareness include formal education in schools and colleges as well as informal education through mass media, meetings, and folk songs. Famous Indian environmentalists who have contributed to the field include Sunita Narain, Anil Agarwal, Medha Patkar,
Environmental psychology studies the interactions between people and their environments. It examines how the physical environment affects human thoughts and behaviors, and also how human actions impact the environment. Some topics studied include the negative effects of crowding, environmental stressors and risks, the influence of natural environments on human psychology, and how environmental design can shape human behavior. Environmental psychology also considers how to promote more sustainable human-environment relationships through areas like environmental attitudes, public policy, and community interventions.
Care Farms and Care Gardens - Horticulture as Therapy in the United Kingdom
`
For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214 ~
`
Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079 ~
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348 ~
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440 ~
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110 ~
This document provides an overview of key topics in environmental science, including the nature of environmental science, natural resources, sustainability, and pressures on the global environment. It discusses how humans exist within and depend on the environment, and how environmental science studies these interactions. It also summarizes perspectives on population growth, the tragedy of the commons, ecological footprints, and the state of the world in terms of pollution, climate change, and biodiversity loss. Scientific principles and the importance of global, sustainable solutions are emphasized.
Similar to Green-care-using-nature-for-health-Sempik's.pp.doc.ppt (20)
A large amount of specialist occupational therapy equipment was being returned to stores without being used due to a lack of expertise among store staff. An occupational therapy technical instructor was appointed to establish an equipment recycling service to maximize recycling. The project aimed to improve communication between occupational therapy and equipment services staff and reduce costs by improving the efficient use and recycling of returned specialist equipment.
This document describes an occupational therapy visual screening tool developed for use in a stroke unit. It provides a brief history of the tool's development and outlines the screening process. An audit of the tool found it identified visual problems in patients, guided appropriate referrals, and provided benefits to patients and occupational therapists by streamlining the screening and intervention process. Future plans include re-auditing the tool, expanding its education and use, and gathering feedback to further improve visual screening for stroke patients.
The Home-Based Memory Rehabilitation Programme (for persons with mild Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias)
Mary McGrath, Advanced Clinical Specialist Occupational Therapist
Memory Clinic, Belfast City Hospital
The document discusses reablement, a service model that aims to help older people regain independence through daily living skills. It proposes establishing reablement teams in localities, each consisting of an occupational therapist and support workers. A pilot in two localities saw 82% of referrals accepted, and 59% of users discharged with no ongoing support needed after an average of 9.85 days. User feedback praised the staff as caring, supportive and helpful in regaining independence. The goal is to continue expanding reablement services across localities.
This document discusses occupational therapy initiatives to help people with disabilities and mental health issues find and maintain employment. It describes programs like Individual Placement Support that help people find competitive jobs and the Acute Care Job Clinic that assists those receiving mental health treatment to retain their current jobs. The document also discusses the benefits of work for recovery and presents case studies of individuals who found employment through these programs.
This document provides information about Glasgow City Council's telecare services. It defines telecare as using telecommunications to remotely deliver care services to people in their homes. The basic telecare system includes an alarm unit and pendant that connects people to a response center for assistance. Additional devices monitor for specific risks like seizures or falls. Over 15,000 people have basic systems, while 3,000 have enhanced systems with movement sensors. The response center handles over 50,000 emergency calls per month. Social workers currently refer clients for extra devices. Future plans include staff training and new assessment tools.
This application form requests information for a lifelong learning grant such as the applicant's name, address, membership number, course details, cost, and relevance to practice. The applicant must explain how the course will benefit their clients, themselves, their employer, and the profession. They also must agree to write a minimum 500-word report for a regional newsletter within 4 weeks of the event.
The document summarizes background information on healthcare inequalities faced by people with learning disabilities. It then outlines the work of the "Getting it Right" group, which aims to improve healthcare professionals' ability to treat people with learning disabilities. The group is made up of various organizations and produces guidance on communicating effectively with people with learning disabilities and understanding their rights. It concludes by mentioning an update on challenging behavior.
The document discusses guidance from the College of Occupational Therapists on the specialist learning disability occupational therapy role. It outlines principles for occupational therapy services for adults with learning disabilities, including that they should provide services related to how a learning disability affects occupational performance. It also discusses current issues like pressure on occupational therapists to provide both minor and major adaptations. Recommendations include developing close working relationships with mainstream services to facilitate access. The document also summarizes new Scottish guidance on equipment and adaptations provision and implications for occupational therapy, including identifying assessors and developing specialist roles in major adaptations.
The document discusses making healthcare more environmentally sustainable. It notes that climate change causes significant harm and economic losses worldwide. The document calls for occupational therapists to help make the NHS carbon footprint smaller by using more sustainable transportation, virtual meetings, and electronic records. Occupational therapists are also encouraged to support service users in environmentally-friendly activities like community gardening, composting, recycling, and using more sustainable modes of transportation.
This document summarizes a workshop on ICT services for people with learning disabilities presented by Chris Austin in Edinburgh, Scotland in September 2010. The workshop aimed to optimize independence, safety, choice, and participation in the community through ICT. It covered what ICT and related services are, including electronic care records, telecare, telehealth, and mobile health and social care. Future possibilities with ICT were discussed, such as integrated shared care records and routine outcomes measurement. The presenter suggested ways attendees could help advance these services through networking, piloting projects, research, and education.
Occupational therapists can help people with learning disabilities and their families in several key ways: (1) They should take a person-centered approach and focus on helping individuals achieve life outcomes like employment, housing, health, and social relationships. (2) Therapists should use their skills to assist people with learning disabilities in getting and participating in a full life. (3) It is important that therapists work to include everyone and remember those who are often excluded.
The document discusses the development of a new screening tool. It describes various professionals collaborating to generate ideas and criteria for personal skills and environmental supports. Draft versions were created and piloted, with feedback indicating it showed strengths and could be useful for therapy and tracking changes. Additional feedback was incorporated and links to occupational therapy theory were explored, with the goal of further development and testing of the screening tool.
The document outlines a 5-step process for evidence-based practice (EBP) in healthcare: 1) Asking an answerable question, 2) Searching for the best evidence, 3) Critically appraising the evidence, 4) Integrating the evidence with expertise and patient values, and 5) Evaluating performance. It then provides more details on forming answerable clinical questions using the PICO framework and on critically appraising evidence through activities like journal clubs. Journal clubs aim to help practitioners stay up to date on research, evaluate if practice needs to change, and involve interactive discussion of papers using appraisal tools to assess validity and usefulness.
The document discusses the use of mental practice in occupational therapy for stroke patients. It defines mental practice as the symbolic rehearsal of a physical activity through mental imagery without physical movement. The document reviews the types and effectiveness of mental imagery, and discusses several studies that show mental practice can improve affected limb function for stroke patients when combined with physical therapy. It concludes that mental practice is a promising rehabilitation approach but more research is still needed to establish guidelines and understand its long-term benefits.
This document summarizes the speaker's experience conducting research as an occupational therapist. It outlines her background in hand therapy and lower limb trauma. It then discusses the resources available to her for research at her hospital, including funding and training opportunities. Her research project involved measuring sensory thresholds in the feet of patients with lower limb trauma using Semmes Weinstein monofilaments to determine reliability of the assessment tool. The document provides tips for choosing a research question, applying for grants, and navigating the ethics approval process. It emphasizes that research does not need to be complicated but should be relevant clinically and improve services.
The document discusses clinical supervision in occupational therapy. It explores the confusion around definitions of clinical supervision and differences in approaches. Occupational therapists are expected to participate in supervision, but there is no clear consensus on what clinical supervision entails. The document examines various definitions of clinical supervision from different sources and considers challenges in clearly defining and practicing clinical supervision in occupational therapy.
Using outcome measures in occupational therapy can support evidence-based practice, convince others of the value of OT, and increase accountability. Outcome measures should assess how effective interventions are at achieving intended outcomes. However, it can be difficult to isolate the effects of complex interventions from other factors. OTs should use standardized, valid, and reliable outcome measures that are related to their interventions and objectives. While no single measure can cover all of OT, using a range of appropriate measures can help demonstrate any changes resulting from interventions.
The document discusses the development of occupational therapy pathways in London mental health trusts. It provides an overview of how OT leads have collaborated on a pathways project to develop standardized pathways across trusts and share best practices. The pathways are intended to clearly outline OT's role in a patient's care and support the use of evidence-based practice.
This document discusses commissioning and outlines three levels of commissioning: individual, locality, and strategic. It defines outcomes as the impact or end result of services on a person's life. The document contrasts outputs versus outcomes, with outputs focusing on quantity and quality of services provided, while outcomes focus on whether anyone is better off as a result. It emphasizes that commissioners should focus on investing in services that achieve clearly defined outcomes rather than just purchasing or funding services.
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ABDOMINAL TRAUMA in pediatrics part one.drhasanrajab
Abdominal trauma in pediatrics refers to injuries or damage to the abdominal organs in children. It can occur due to various causes such as falls, motor vehicle accidents, sports-related injuries, and physical abuse. Children are more vulnerable to abdominal trauma due to their unique anatomical and physiological characteristics. Signs and symptoms include abdominal pain, tenderness, distension, vomiting, and signs of shock. Diagnosis involves physical examination, imaging studies, and laboratory tests. Management depends on the severity and may involve conservative treatment or surgical intervention. Prevention is crucial in reducing the incidence of abdominal trauma in children.
Rasamanikya is a excellent preparation in the field of Rasashastra, it is used in various Kushtha Roga, Shwasa, Vicharchika, Bhagandara, Vatarakta, and Phiranga Roga. In this article Preparation& Comparative analytical profile for both Formulationon i.e Rasamanikya prepared by Kushmanda swarasa & Churnodhaka Shodita Haratala. The study aims to provide insights into the comparative efficacy and analytical aspects of these formulations for enhanced therapeutic outcomes.
TEST BANK For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by...Donc Test
TEST BANK For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by Stamler, Verified Chapters 1 - 33, Complete Newest Version Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by Stamler, Verified Chapters 1 - 33, Complete Newest Version Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by Stamler Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition TEST BANK by Stamler Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Pdf Chapters Download Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Pdf Download Stuvia Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Study Guide Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Ebook Download Stuvia Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Questions and Answers Quizlet Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Studocu Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Quizlet Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Stuvia Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Pdf Chapters Download Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Pdf Download Course Hero Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Answers Quizlet Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Ebook Download Course hero Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Questions and Answers Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Studocu Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Quizlet Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Stuvia Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Pdf Chapters Download Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Pdf Download Stuvia Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Study Guide Questions and Answers Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Ebook Download Stuvia Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Questions Quizlet Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Studocu Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Quizlet Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Stuvia
Promoting Wellbeing - Applied Social Psychology - Psychology SuperNotesPsychoTech Services
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune DiseaseHealth Advances
There is increasing confidence that cell therapies will soon play a role in the treatment of autoimmune disorders, but the extent of this impact remains to be seen. Early readouts on autologous CAR-Ts in lupus are encouraging, but manufacturing and cost limitations are likely to restrict access to highly refractory patients. Allogeneic CAR-Ts have the potential to broaden access to earlier lines of treatment due to their inherent cost benefits, however they will need to demonstrate comparable or improved efficacy to established modalities.
In addition to infrastructure and capacity constraints, CAR-Ts face a very different risk-benefit dynamic in autoimmune compared to oncology, highlighting the need for tolerable therapies with low adverse event risk. CAR-NK and Treg-based therapies are also being developed in certain autoimmune disorders and may demonstrate favorable safety profiles. Several novel non-cell therapies such as bispecific antibodies, nanobodies, and RNAi drugs, may also offer future alternative competitive solutions with variable value propositions.
Widespread adoption of cell therapies will not only require strong efficacy and safety data, but also adapted pricing and access strategies. At oncology-based price points, CAR-Ts are unlikely to achieve broad market access in autoimmune disorders, with eligible patient populations that are potentially orders of magnitude greater than the number of currently addressable cancer patients. Developers have made strides towards reducing cell therapy COGS while improving manufacturing efficiency, but payors will inevitably restrict access until more sustainable pricing is achieved.
Despite these headwinds, industry leaders and investors remain confident that cell therapies are poised to address significant unmet need in patients suffering from autoimmune disorders. However, the extent of this impact on the treatment landscape remains to be seen, as the industry rapidly approaches an inflection point.
8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptxHolistified Wellness
We’re talking about Vedic Meditation, a form of meditation that has been around for at least 5,000 years. Back then, the people who lived in the Indus Valley, now known as India and Pakistan, practised meditation as a fundamental part of daily life. This knowledge that has given us yoga and Ayurveda, was known as Veda, hence the name Vedic. And though there are some written records, the practice has been passed down verbally from generation to generation.
Local Advanced Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex Sys...Oleg Kshivets
Overall life span (LS) was 1671.7±1721.6 days and cumulative 5YS reached 62.4%, 10 years – 50.4%, 20 years – 44.6%. 94 LCP lived more than 5 years without cancer (LS=2958.6±1723.6 days), 22 – more than 10 years (LS=5571±1841.8 days). 67 LCP died because of LC (LS=471.9±344 days). AT significantly improved 5YS (68% vs. 53.7%) (P=0.028 by log-rank test). Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: N0-N12, T3-4, blood cell circuit, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells-CC and blood cells subpopulations), LC cell dynamics, recalcification time, heparin tolerance, prothrombin index, protein, AT, procedure type (P=0.000-0.031). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and N0-12 (rank=1), thrombocytes/CC (rank=2), segmented neutrophils/CC (3), eosinophils/CC (4), erythrocytes/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), stick neutrophils/CC (8), leucocytes/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (error=0.000; area under ROC curve=1.0).
Muktapishti is a traditional Ayurvedic preparation made from Shoditha Mukta (Purified Pearl), is believed to help regulate thyroid function and reduce symptoms of hyperthyroidism due to its cooling and balancing properties. Clinical evidence on its efficacy remains limited, necessitating further research to validate its therapeutic benefits.
Basavarajeeyam is a Sreshta Sangraha grantha (Compiled book ), written by Neelkanta kotturu Basavaraja Virachita. It contains 25 Prakaranas, First 24 Chapters related to Rogas& 25th to Rasadravyas.
Here is the updated list of Top Best Ayurvedic medicine for Gas and Indigestion and those are Gas-O-Go Syp for Dyspepsia | Lavizyme Syrup for Acidity | Yumzyme Hepatoprotective Capsules etc
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of the physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar lead (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
6. Describe the flow of current around the heart during the cardiac cycle
7. Discuss the placement and polarity of the leads of electrocardiograph
8. Describe the normal electrocardiograms recorded from the limb leads and explain the physiological basis of the different records that are obtained
9. Define mean electrical vector (axis) of the heart and give the normal range
10. Define the mean QRS vector
11. Describe the axes of leads (hexagonal reference system)
12. Comprehend the vectorial analysis of the normal ECG
13. Determine the mean electrical axis of the ventricular QRS and appreciate the mean axis deviation
14. Explain the concepts of current of injury, J point, and their significance
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
7. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
3. St Dymphna Patron Saint of those who suffer from mental illnesses and nervous system disorders, epileptics, mental health professionals, incest victims, and runaways. Feast Day 15 th May
4. Geel, Belgium: the first example of using land-based activities as care in the community for people with mental health problems and learning difficulties (from the 13 th Century to the present day)
5. “ We find that the patients derive more benefit from employment in the garden than anywhere else, and this is natural, because they have the advantage of fresh air as well as occupation'‘ (Nottingham Borough Asylum, 1881, page 11, quoted by Parr, 2007, p. 542)
20. Mapping the influence of nature – nature as care and therapy nature therapy, wilderness therapy animal- assisted activities social&therapeutic horticulture horticultural therapy healing gardens/ environments/ landscapes green exercise animal-assisted therapy animal-assisted interventions health promotion therapy work rehabilitation/ sheltered green employment + green exercise (as treatment) ecotherapy usual work/ working place in natural environment + + looking at nature being active in nature shaping nature interacting with animals care farming experiencing natural environment interacting with natural elements
30. Social Inclusion: production consumption social interaction political engagement Employment: meaningful goals identity status, competence routine social interaction
31. Social Inclusion: production consumption social interaction political engagement Employment: meaningful goals identity status, competence routine social interaction
32. Social Inclusion: production consumption social interaction political engagement Employment: meaningful goals identity status, competence routine social interaction Environment: Social Physical
33. Social Inclusion: production consumption social interaction political engagement Employment: meaningful goals identity status, competence routine social interaction Environment: Social Physical Natural environment: Attention restoration Recovery from stress Aesthetic and spiritual fulfilment
34. Social Inclusion: production consumption social interaction political engagement Employment: meaningful goals identity status, competence routine social interaction Environment: Social Physical Natural environment: Attention restoration Recovery from stress Aesthetic and spiritual fulfilment MOHO: Volition (personal causation, values, interests) Habituation (habits, roles) Performance Capacity (objective, subjective)
35. Social Inclusion: production consumption social interaction political engagement Employment: meaningful goals identity status, competence routine social interaction Environment: Social Physical Natural environment: Attention restoration Recovery from stress Aesthetic and spiritual fulfilment MOHO: Volition (personal causation, values, interests) Habituation (habits, roles) Performance Capacity (objective, subjective)
36. Social Inclusion: production consumption social interaction political engagement Employment: meaningful goals identity status, competence routine social interaction Environment: Social Physical Natural environment: Attention restoration Recovery from stress Aesthetic and spiritual fulfilment MOHO: Volition (personal causation, values, interests) Habituation (habits, roles) Performance Capacity (objective, subjective)
37. Social Inclusion: production consumption social interaction political engagement Employment: meaningful goals identity status, competence routine social interaction Environment: Social Physical Natural environment: Attention restoration Recovery from stress Aesthetic and spiritual fulfilment MOHO: Volition (personal causation, values, interests) Habituation (habits, roles) Performance Capacity (objective, subjective)
38.
39. Aerobic exercise at a dose consistent with public health recommendations is an effective treatment for MDD of mild to moderate severity. A lower dose is comparable to placebo effect. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2005;28(1):1–8) Evidence from other fields
40.
41. Ann Intern Med. 2006;144:73-81. 1,740 older people followed up for 6 years At least 15 minutes of exercise taken 3 times per week reduced risk of dementia Evidence from other fields
47. English Tree by Anne Williams Conclusion: green care is a mosaic of processes and effects… … that addresses a mosaic of needs…
48.
Editor's Notes
Oliver Sacks eloquently describes the history in his Foreword to Eugene Roosens and Lieve Van de Walle’s anthropological illustration of Geel’s current state: In the seventh century, the daughter of an Irish king fled to Geel to avoid the incestuous embrace of her father, and he, in a murderous rage, had her beheaded. Well before the thirteen century, she was worshipped as the patron saint of the mad, and her shrine soon attracted mentally ill people from all over Europe. Seven hundred years ago, the families of this little Flemish town opened their homes and their hearts to the mentally ill – and they have been doing so ever since. (Roosens and van de Walle, 2007, p 9.)
Interesting in two ways: an example of community based approach and also as a nature based approach. The history is this: The earliest recognisable ‘care programmes’ that used what may be called ‘Green Care principles’ were at Geel in Flanders in the 13th century. Here, ‘mentally distressed pilgrims’ came to worship at the holy shrine of St Dympna and stayed in a ‘therapeutic village’ where they were sympathetically cared for by the residents (and pilgrims were regularly weighed to demonstrate progress!). Bloor (1988) has described this as the first example of a ‘Therapeutic Community’. This was a rural agricultural setting, and the main work activity for everybody was to work on the land. A range of structures and procedures were in place for taking care of these individuals in the context of local families and wider village life. The tradition of caring in this way still continues at the original town of Geel, 60km north-east of Brussels in modern-day Belgium (see Roosens, 1979, 2008).
We start with recent history – rather than going back to Biblical times We need to know more from the different countries about history – for example in the UK we have hospital farms and also Camphill communities which are involved in nature based approaches (taking much of the philosophy of Rudolf Sneider – Anthrosophical approach). The Camphill movement was setup by an Austrian, Dr Karl Konig in 1939. So we really need to include that.
What is interesting that there is no written history of how the hospital farms declined; the policies and laws that ended these activities. We know that in the 1950s the newly formed National Health Service made an audit of the land held by the farms and 190 hospitals were farming 40,000 acres (16,187 Hectares) of farm; 3,800 (1,537 Hectares) of market garden; 4,000 (1,618 Hectares) of Woodland – 7000 cows, 25000 pigs, 5000 sheep 63,000 hens. There were also pedigree herds Ministers felt that hospitals shouldn’t be farming and ordered that they close thearms unless they were an essential part of the hospital, but the history of closure is not well documented and some farms were still working up to the early 1970s.
So what happened? The creation of the National Health Service (NHS) in 1948 is important for our understanding of the demise of hospital farms in the UK. The Government was able to take an overview of its hospitals, including those for the mentally ill, and their various activities. Regional hospital boards “were asked to consider whether the farming activities at hospitals in their area could be limited and surplus land disposed of” (Report of the Ministry of Health, 1954). However, the report notes that “little progress was made in this direction” and so an audit had been conducted. This showed that 190 hospitals were working 39,859 acres of farm, 3,884 of market garden and there were a further 4,083 acres of woodland. The stock comprised of dairy herds of 7,173 cows and heifers with an additional 6,468 young stock and other cattle on 129 farms. There were also around 25000 pigs, 5000 sheep and 63,000 hens. This confirms hospitals to have been sites of a substantial farming effort; and one that the Government wished to reduce. The view of the Government was that the Minister of Health did not have the authority to allow the NHS to farm unless it was absolutely necessary for the well-being of the patients. Farming was seen as a commercial activity which was becoming increasingly mechanised and therefore provided fewer opportunities for ‘therapeutic’ work for patients: “ It was found that modern methods of farming with increasing mechanisation no longer provided suitable outdoor occupational therapy for any but a very small number of male patients, most of whom had little or nothing to do with the care of livestock…The Committee considered that market gardening and poultry keeping provide in present day circumstances a more suitable form of outdoor occupational therapy for patients than full-scale farming…” (Report of the Ministry of Health, 1954, p. 31).
So what happened? The creation of the National Health Service (NHS) in 1948 is important for our understanding of the demise of hospital farms in the UK. The Government was able to take an overview of its hospitals, including those for the mentally ill, and their various activities. Regional hospital boards “were asked to consider whether the farming activities at hospitals in their area could be limited and surplus land disposed of” (Report of the Ministry of Health, 1954). However, the report notes that “little progress was made in this direction” and so an audit had been conducted. This showed that 190 hospitals were working 39,859 acres of farm, 3,884 of market garden and there were a further 4,083 acres of woodland. The stock comprised of dairy herds of 7,173 cows and heifers with an additional 6,468 young stock and other cattle on 129 farms. There were also around 25000 pigs, 5000 sheep and 63,000 hens. This confirms hospitals to have been sites of a substantial farming effort; and one that the Government wished to reduce. The view of the Government was that the Minister of Health did not have the authority to allow the NHS to farm unless it was absolutely necessary for the well-being of the patients. Farming was seen as a commercial activity which was becoming increasingly mechanised and therefore provided fewer opportunities for ‘therapeutic’ work for patients: “ It was found that modern methods of farming with increasing mechanisation no longer provided suitable outdoor occupational therapy for any but a very small number of male patients, most of whom had little or nothing to do with the care of livestock…The Committee considered that market gardening and poultry keeping provide in present day circumstances a more suitable form of outdoor occupational therapy for patients than full-scale farming…” (Report of the Ministry of Health, 1954, p. 31).
So what happened? The creation of the National Health Service (NHS) in 1948 is important for our understanding of the demise of hospital farms in the UK. The Government was able to take an overview of its hospitals, including those for the mentally ill, and their various activities. Regional hospital boards “were asked to consider whether the farming activities at hospitals in their area could be limited and surplus land disposed of” (Report of the Ministry of Health, 1954). However, the report notes that “little progress was made in this direction” and so an audit had been conducted. This showed that 190 hospitals were working 39,859 acres of farm, 3,884 of market garden and there were a further 4,083 acres of woodland. The stock comprised of dairy herds of 7,173 cows and heifers with an additional 6,468 young stock and other cattle on 129 farms. There were also around 25000 pigs, 5000 sheep and 63,000 hens. This confirms hospitals to have been sites of a substantial farming effort; and one that the Government wished to reduce. The view of the Government was that the Minister of Health did not have the authority to allow the NHS to farm unless it was absolutely necessary for the well-being of the patients. Farming was seen as a commercial activity which was becoming increasingly mechanised and therefore provided fewer opportunities for ‘therapeutic’ work for patients: “ It was found that modern methods of farming with increasing mechanisation no longer provided suitable outdoor occupational therapy for any but a very small number of male patients, most of whom had little or nothing to do with the care of livestock…The Committee considered that market gardening and poultry keeping provide in present day circumstances a more suitable form of outdoor occupational therapy for patients than full-scale farming…” (Report of the Ministry of Health, 1954, p. 31).
So what happened? The creation of the National Health Service (NHS) in 1948 is important for our understanding of the demise of hospital farms in the UK. The Government was able to take an overview of its hospitals, including those for the mentally ill, and their various activities. Regional hospital boards “were asked to consider whether the farming activities at hospitals in their area could be limited and surplus land disposed of” (Report of the Ministry of Health, 1954). However, the report notes that “little progress was made in this direction” and so an audit had been conducted. This showed that 190 hospitals were working 39,859 acres of farm, 3,884 of market garden and there were a further 4,083 acres of woodland. The stock comprised of dairy herds of 7,173 cows and heifers with an additional 6,468 young stock and other cattle on 129 farms. There were also around 25000 pigs, 5000 sheep and 63,000 hens. This confirms hospitals to have been sites of a substantial farming effort; and one that the Government wished to reduce. The view of the Government was that the Minister of Health did not have the authority to allow the NHS to farm unless it was absolutely necessary for the well-being of the patients. Farming was seen as a commercial activity which was becoming increasingly mechanised and therefore provided fewer opportunities for ‘therapeutic’ work for patients: “ It was found that modern methods of farming with increasing mechanisation no longer provided suitable outdoor occupational therapy for any but a very small number of male patients, most of whom had little or nothing to do with the care of livestock…The Committee considered that market gardening and poultry keeping provide in present day circumstances a more suitable form of outdoor occupational therapy for patients than full-scale farming…” (Report of the Ministry of Health, 1954, p. 31).
Within ‘Green Care’ there are many approaches, It is a spectrum that moves from activities that are ‘interventions’ designed to be ‘therapeutic’ to those that may be beneficial but are incidental experiences of nature – not interventions We can look at it in this way..
Dangers of using employment as an outcome – not all clients are ready or able to participate in proper paid employment. Some have become ill as a result of their jobs
Gaining informed consent from vulnearble people may be difficult – is it patronising to get consent from a carer or physician? Data should not be stored indefinitely – it should be destroyed after it has no useful value, and in any event there is usually a prescribed time limit for its storage (in research establishments) How data presented is important and can affect the conclusions of a study