The design of chemical products and processes that reduce or eliminate the use and generation of hazardous substances. Green Chemistry moves our consideration of how to deal with environmental, health and safety problems from the circumstantial to the intrinsic.

1. Green Chemistry Building HSE Performance into Products Dr Rajendra R Patel Microchem Research Services Bangalore INDIA

3. The design of chemical products and processes that reduce or eliminate the use and generation of hazardous substances GREEN CHEMISTRY What is Green Chemistry?

4. Green Chemistry moves our consideration of how to deal with environmental, health and safety problems from the circumstantial to the intrinsic. What is Green Chemistry?

10. Why apply Green Chemistry? “ IPPC presumes the use of preventative techniques before any consideration of end-of-pipe control techniques.” European IPPC Bureau Reference Document on Best Available Techniques in the Large Volume Organic Chemical Industry February 2002 “ The Congress hereby declares it to be the national policy of the United States that pollution should be prevented or reduced at the source whenever feasible...” US Pollution Prevention Act of 1990

12. Define Desired State/Establish Expectations Review, ID issues, provide input Tools, options, alternatives available – make good decisions Measure Progress, Capture Successes, Take Credit Fill the toolbox Develop Chemical Process How is this done? Process for Implementation

13. Resource Use Impact Resource Use Impact Impact How is this done? Resource Use Raw Material Production Material Management Production Product In Use Distribution Suppliers Manufacture/Distribution Customers

16. Measure Progress, Capture Successes Projected burden = x projected annual production mass of waste mass of product e Factor = RME = Reaction mass efficiency mass of product x 100 mass of reactants in process FW of product x 100 ∑ FW of all reactants in reaction Atom economy = mass of waste mass of product

17. This improvement represents 6,000,000 kg less material use per year at full scale production. Measure Progress, Capture Successes

18. Measure Progress, Capture Successes TRI- US EPA Toxics Release Inventory Listed 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 SM1, Step 1 SM1, Step 2 SM2, Step 1 SM2, Step 2 SM2, Step 3 Step 1 Step 2 TRI Use Water Use All Other Use Development Compound “B” Material Use by Step kg material use/kg API

20. Examples - Adipic Acid Synthesis Contributes 1% anthropogenic NOx/year

21. Examples - No nitrous oxide generated Renewable feedstock replaces petroleum-based feedstock Adipic Acid Synthesis

22. Practical Application of a Biocatalyst in Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Roughly 34,000 liters of solvent and 300 kg of chromium waste were eliminated for every 100 kg of medicine produced. The new protocol was developed by combining innovations from chemistry, microbiology, and engineering. The new synthesis begins with a biocatalytic reduction to an optically pure intermediate using a yeast- Zygosaccharomyces rouxii - in a novel three-phase reaction design replacing chemical reduction. Eli Lilly and Company – 1999 Presidential Green Chemistry Challenge Award Winner Examples -

23. Presidential Green Chemistry Challenge Awards Summary of 2005 Award Recipients Alternative Synthetic Pathways Award Archer Daniels Midland Company - Novozymes NovaLipid™: Low Trans Fats and Oils Produced by Enzymatic Interesterification of Vegetable Oils Using Lipozyme® Alternative Synthetic Pathways Award Merck & Co., Inc. A Redesigned, Efficient Synthesis of Aprepitant, the Active Ingredient in Emend®: A New Therapy for Chemotherapy-Induced Emesis Alternative Solvents and Reaction Conditions Award BASF Corporation A UV-Curable, One-Component, Low-VOC Refinish Primer: Driving Eco-Efficiency Improvements Designing Safer Chemical Award Archer Daniels Midland Company Archer RC™: A Nonvolatile, Reactive Coalescent for the Reduction of VOCs in Latex Paints Small Business Award Metabolix, Inc. Producing Nature’s Plastics Using Biotechnology. Academic Award Prof. Robin D. Rogers; The University of Alabama A Platform Strategy Using Ionic Liquids to Dissolve and Process Cellulose for Advanced New Materials.

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