Greek music has a long and diverse history dating back to antiquity. It was influenced by both Eastern and Western cultures as Greece assimilated different musical styles. Traditional Greek music is generally divided into two categories: Byzantine music, with its Eastern influences, and Greek folk music, which includes regional styles and instruments like the bouzouki and baglamas. The nine Muses of Greek mythology were goddesses who inspired literature, science, and the arts including music, which was an important part of education in ancient Greece. Greek musical theory included the use of musical modes that later influenced both Eastern and Western religious and classical music.
Music of EgyptMusic has been an important aspect of the culture .docxrosemarybdodson23141
Music of Egypt
Music has been an important aspect of the culture in Egypt since time immemorial. Egyptians have been playing music with or without dance for various purposes. Egyptian music mainly takes the form of singing or chanting, and clapping, and the use of different types of musical instruments for various purposes. Egyptian music was in all social spheres in ancient times including the royal, public, and private spheres (Emerit, 2013). Although it was not possible to record or write Egyptian music in the ancient times such as during the early Stone Age to know what Egyptian music was like, it is possible to know the kind of instruments used from ancient artistic works on the walls of tombs. This paper explains the role of music in Egyptian culture and describes the specific instruments used by Egyptians in the ancient times.
Music and Culture
Egyptians are famous for being among the first to infuse music into their culture and in almost every aspect of their lives. Ancient Egyptians acknowledged the existence of gods. The culture of ancient Egyptians consisted of religious beliefs in polytheistic deities where gods were present in every aspect of society. Consequently, Egyptians had to perform religious rituals through music. They played music in locations of worship. The purpose of playing music in worship places was to recognize and show reverence to their gods. For instance, Egyptians believed in the ibis-headed Thoth and the God Bes, the gods responsible for music and dance among other aspects of Egyptian culture (Russell, 2013). They used music during temple rituals to please and appease their gods (Emerit, 2013). They played music in places of worship to acknowledge and honor these gods for bringing music, fertility, language, sexual pleasure, and for keeping evil away from people (Russell, 2013). Processional songs and hymns were also part of religious rituals in Egypt (Bunson, 2002). Music was also a crucial part of cultic ceremonies (Bunson, 2002.) For example, Egyptians used music during the rebirth of dead people during funerals (Emerit, 2013). Therefore, from a religious perspective, music provided a platform for Egyptians to enter the spiritual world and interact with their gods.
Another purpose of Egyptian music in the ancient days was to bring liveliness in all forms of celebrations because celebrations would be incomplete in the absence of music and dance. Both common people and royalties used music primarily for entertainment purposes. Egyptians played musical instruments at parties as singers and dancers sang, danced, and celebrated with other people at the party. Ancient Egyptian music was also an integral aspect of festivals where singers and crowds participated by chanting and clapping to the rhythm produced by musical instruments. Music also encouraged people at work. For instance, ancient Egyptian farmers would sing while working such as during harvest. Music also played a significant role in providi.
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A brief survey of the role of music teaching in the ancient world. The inclusion of music in societies and among peoples, as well as the culturally perceived value of music education is highlighted in the presentation.
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Material compiled by Dr. Brian Ebie.
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2. GREEK MUSIC
Greek music is diverse and celebrated as its history, Seperated into two parts
Greek traditional music
Byzantine music with more eastern sounds
https://www.slideshare.net/ivid1990/the-history-of-greek-music1
Greek music is unbelievably diversified due to the creative Greek assimilation
of different influences of the Eastern and Western cultures of Asia and
Europe. Music is an important aspect of the daily Greek culture. It has a long
history dating from the antiquity, during which poetry, dancing and music
were inseparable and played an important part in the ancient Greek´s
everyday life. The Greek tragedy used music as one of its component
elements. With the end of classical and Hellenistic Greek period and the
evolution of the Roman and the Byzantine Empire, Greek music got an
ecclesiastical approach with alot of influence from Anatolia. In the 400 years
of Ottoman domination it was infused by eastern sounds. Greek Folk music
never stopped however progressing and new genres adding to it such as even
opera compositions of Nicolaos Mantzaros, and Spyros Samaras 1861-1917
5. MUSIC GENRES IN GREECE
Folk, dimotiko
Kantada kefalonia island romantic serenade influenced by italian music
Nissiotika, every island has its own nissiotiko style.
Church music, byzantine
Skiladiko, tsifteteli
Rebetiko
Entehno laiko, entehno contemporary
Rock, punk, hip hop, new wave, electronic, electro pop, pop
blues
Greeka.com
6. 9 MUSES THE MUSES / (ANCIENT GREEK: ΜΟῦΣΑΙ, MOŨSAI)
The Muses were the Greek goddesses of inspiration in literature,
science and the arts. They were the daughters
of Zeus and Mnemosyne (the personification of memory), and they
were also considered water nymphs. Some scholars believed that the
Muses were primordial goddesses, daughters of
the Titans Uranus and Gaea. Personifications of knowledge and art,
some of the arts of the Muses included Music, Science, Geography,
Mathematics, Art, and Drama. They were usually invoked at the
beginning of various lyrical poems, such as in the Homeric epics; this
happened so that the Muses give inspiration or speak through the
poet's words.
There were nine Muses according to Hesiod, protecting a different art
and being symbolised with a different item; Calliope (epic poetry -
writing tablet), Clio (history - scroll), Euterpe (lyric poetry - aulos, a
Greek flute), Thalia (comedy and pastoral poetry - comic mask),
Melpomene (tragedy - tragic mask), Terpsichore (dance - lyre), Erato
(love poetry - cithara, a Greek type of lyre), Polyhymnia (sacred poetry
- veil), and Urania (astronomy - globe and compass). On the other
hand, Varro mentions that only three Muses exist: Melete (practice),
Mneme (memory) and Aoide (song).
7. MUSE, PERHAPS CLIO, READING A
SCROLL (ATTIC RED-
FIGURE LEKYTHOS, BOEOTIA, C.
430 BC)The Muses are the inspirational goddesses
of literature, science, and the arts in Greek mythology.
They were considered the source of the knowledge
embodied in the poetry, lyric songs, and myths that were
related orally for centuries in these ancient cultures. They
were later adopted by the Romans as a part of
their pantheon.
(Musiki), music, was very important in education in ancient
Greece, boyes were taught music starting at age six.
Greek musical literacy created a flowering of
development, Greek music theory included the Greek
musical modes, eventually became the basis for the
Easter and Western religious music and classical music.
8. ANCIENT GREEK MODES, SCALES,
(ALT TONALITIES)
Ionian, Dorian, Phrygian, Lydian, Mixolydian, Aeolian and Locrian
9. HTTPS://EN.WIKIPEDIA.ORG/WIKI/M
USES
The earliest known records of the Nine Muses are from Boeotia, the homeland of Hesiod.
Some ancient authorities thought that the Nine Muses were
of Thracian origin.[4] There, a tradition persisted that the Muses had once been three in
number.
In the first century BC, Diodorus Siculus quotes Hesiod to the contrary, observing:
Writers similarly disagree also concerning the number of the Muses; for
some say that there are three, and others that there are nine, but the number nine has
prevailed since it rests upon the authority of the most distinguished men, such as Homer
[6]