This document provides a grammar reference guide for Spanish 3 Honors. It includes sections on verb tenses and moods such as preterite, imperfect, future, conditional, and subjunctive. It also covers topics like stem-changing verbs, por vs para, saber vs conocer, commands, and more. Trigger words, irregular verbs, and examples are provided for each grammar concept. The document concludes with sections on impersonal expressions, conjunctions of time, and demonstrative adjectives and pronouns.

1. Grammar Book Talia Bowen Spanish 3 Honors

2. Table of Contents Pretérito TriggerWordsforthepreteriteCar- Gar-Zar SpockVerbsCucaracha VerbsSnake SnakeyImperfectTriggerwordsforImperfectIrregularsPreterite Vs. ImperfectSer Vs. Estar Verbslike gustar Comparative/ SuperlativeConnectingVerbsFutureTriggerWordsforFutureIrregular PorPara Conditional/ Irregulares Conditional/ Irregular 24) Perfect Tense -Present -Past - PresentPerfect irregular25) Subjunctive26) Tanto & Tan 27) Impersonal “se”28) Saber vs Conocer 29)Los Mandatos 30)Informal/ Formal 31) Affirmative32)Negative33) Irregular 34)D.O.P/ I.O.P placement35) TriggerPhrases36) Impersonal expressionsExpressions of EmotionsConjunctions of Time DemonstrativeAdjectivesDemonstrativePronouns.

3. Pretérito: thecompletedpast tense action. Foractionsthatwererepeated a specificnumber of times. Tostatethebeginningortheend of anaction. Foranactionthatoccuredduring a specificperiod of time. Foractionsthat can beviewed as single events. Specific. yo -

4. Tu -ASTE

5. El, ella -

6. Nosotros -AMOS

7. Ellos -ARON ÉÍ

8. ISTE

9. IÓ

10. IMOS

11. IERON ÍÓ

12. Trigger Words Ayer ………………….yesterdayLa semana pasada..lastweekAnoche ……………..lastnightel mes pasado…….lastmonthel otro día………….theotherdayel año pasado……..lastyearentonces…………….thenhace dos días, años…twodays , yearsagoesta mañana……….thismorningayer por la mañana………yesterdaymorning

13. Car Gar Zar! -car: qué -gar: gué -zar: céONLY IN THE YO FORM!! Sacar Saque Indicar indique Explicar explique Pagar Pague Jugar jugue Llegar Llegue Almorzar Almorce Cruzar Cruce Lanzar Lance

14. Spock Verbs!!!!!Similar Verbs:dar/verDi vi DistevisteDiovioDimosvimosDieronvieronir./serFuifuistefuimosfuefueronNon-similar Verbs:HacerHiceHicisteHizoHicimoshicieron

15. Cucaracha Irregular PreteriteAndar -anduvEstar-estuvPoder-pudPoner -pusQuerer-quisSaber -supTener-tuvVenir -vinE I AsteIsteO Io Amos ImosAronIeronEjemplos:AnduveEstuvisteP

16. Snake *Conjugationonlychangeswhentheverbisused in the 3rdperson*Verbschangingfrom “E-I”:–Pedir –Preferir –Competir –Repetir –Servir –Sentir –Venir *Verbschangingfrom “O-U”:–Dormir –Morir

17. Snakey*Conjugation only changes when the verb is used in the 3rd person*Verbs changing from “E-I”:–Leer–Creer*Verbs changing from “O-U”–Oir

18. Imperfect:For Actions that were repeated habitually

19. For actions that “ sell the stage” for another past action

20. For telling time

21. For Stating one’s age

22. For mental states (usually)

23. For physical sensations

24. To describe the characteristics of people, things, or conditions YoabaTuabasEl, Ella, UstedabaNosotrosabamosEllos,Ellas, UstedesabanVosotrosabaisiaiasianiaiamosiais

25. Trigger Words for Imperfect Menudo oftengeneralmente usuallya veces sometimesmuchas veces many times cada día everydaysiempre alwayscada año everyyeartodo el tiempo allthe time de vez en cuando from time to time varias veces several times

26. IrregularesSER!!

27. Era

28. Eras

29. Era

30. Eramos

31. Erais

32. EranVer !!veiaveiasveiaveiamosveiaisVeianIR/Er

33. ia

34. ias

35. ia

36. iamos

37. iais

38. ianPreterite VS. Imperfect Imperfect VerbsPreteriteTalía habló doshoras.

39. Conocí a Alejandro hace cinco años.

40. Cuando era niña yo era muy descuidado pero siempre chulo.

41. Tenía un mascota.Ser Vs. Estar

42. Verbs like GustarFaltarMolestarEncantarFastidiaFascinarImporter ApetecerGustarThe rule of Gustar: What would be considered the subject in English turns into the indirect object (me, te, le, nos, os, les) in Spanish. Therefore, the verb in Spanish must agree with the subject of the sentence, not the indirect object.Ejemplos:John is fascinated by cars. A John, le fascinan los coches

43. He likesAmericans . Le caen bien los Americanos .Comparative and SuperlativeAdjective: Comparative: Superlative: ~ bueno ~Mejor que ~ el/ la mejor ~ malo ~peor que ~ el/la peor ~ viejo ~Mayor que ~ el/la mayor ~ joven ~ menor que ~el/ la menor