The document discusses the key functions and purposes of government which include preserving order, defending against external enemies, managing economic conditions, and providing collective or public goods. It then outlines the three branches of the Philippine government - the legislative, executive, and judicial branches - and their main roles and components. Finally, it defines and compares different forms of government such as democracy, monarchy, oligarchy, communist, and dictatorship. It also discusses the concepts of governance, accountability, effectiveness, and fairness in determining good governance.

2. - the system of people, laws, and
officials that define and control the
country that people live in.
- the governing body of a nation, state,
or community.

3. • Preserve Order
Maintaining social peace is perhaps the fundamental
purpose of government.
• Defend Against External Enemies
one of government's chief functions is still the protection of
societies against outside aggression.
• Manage Economic Conditions
governments are expected to create the conditions for
economic growth and material prosperity.
• Provide Collective (Public) Goods
Public goods are resources that governments play a crucial
role in providing. These are usually services that typically
private markets cannot provide. National security is a good
example.

5. is authorized to make laws, alter, and repeal them
through the power vested in the Philippine Congress.
• Senate – The Senate shall be composed of twenty-four
Senators who shall be elected at large by the qualified
voters of the Philippines, as may be provided by law.
• House of Representatives – The House of
Representatives shall be composed of not more than
two hundred and fifty members, unless otherwise fixed
by law, who shall be elected from legislative districts
apportioned among the provinces, cities, and the
Metropolitan Manila area.

6. • The executive branch carries out and enforces
laws. It includes the President, Vice President,
the Cabinet, executive departments,
independent agencies, and other boards,
commissions, and committees.

7. Key roles of the executive branch include:
President – leads the country. He/she is the head of state,
leader of the national government, and Commander in
Chief of all armed forces of the Philippines. The President
serves a six-year term and cannot be re-elected.
Vice President – supports the President. If the President
is unable to serve, the Vice President becomes President.
He/she serves a six-year term.
The Cabinet – Cabinet members serve as advisors to the
President. They include the Vice President and the heads
of executive departments.

8. The judicial branch interprets the meaning
of laws, applies laws to individual cases,
and decides if laws violate the
Constitution.

9. • Democracy
defined as a form of government in which
power belongs to the people.
• Monarchy
is a form of government in which a single
family rules from generation to generation.
The power, or sovereignty, is personified in a
single individual.

10. • Oligarchy
a form of government in which all power resides
with a few people or in a dominant class or group
within the society.
• Communist
a system of government in which the state plans
and controls the economy and a single -- often
authoritarian -- party holds power; state controls
are imposed with the elimination of private
ownership of property or capital

11. • Dictatorship
is a form of government characterized by the
absolute rule of one person or a very small group of
people who hold all political power.
• Republic
The power and authority of government comes
from the people, not some supreme authority, or
king.
The rights of the people are protected by a written
constitution and through the vote of the people.

12. • Governance is commonly defined as the exercise
of power or authority by political leaders for the
well-being of their country’s citizens or subjects.
• How to determine whether governance is good?
Accountability
Effectiveness
Fairness

13. THANK YOU 
ROSE ANN ABELARDE
HUMMS/SHS-TEACHER