The Other Social, Collaboration Days 2014Stefan Heinz
In the area of IT when talking about 'Social' we usually jump right into a tech discussion without looking at some crucial factors that have nothing to do with technology.
This talk is meant to raise questions, point the audience to assumptions, processes, etc. that have either been taken for granted or just been overlooked.
i) Introducing a new instruction that replaces existing instructions will decrease the number of instructions (N) but likely increase the clock period (T) and cycles per instruction (C) as the new instruction has a more complex task. The maximum possible performance improvement is 4x.
ii) Pipelining will decrease the cycles per instruction (C) but may increase it above 1 due to hazards. The clock period (T) and number of instructions (N) will remain unchanged.
iii) Splitting the stage with maximum delay will decrease the clock period (T) and increase the cycles per instruction (C) as it introduces an additional cycle for affected instructions. But the number of instructions (N) remains
The document describes the operation of a superscalar processor using scoreboarding to handle data dependencies between instructions. It shows the status of six instructions being issued and executed across five functional units in multiple cycles. The status includes which functional units are busy, the operations and operands being processed, and the status of instructions in the issue, execute, and writeback stages.
This document provides a multidisciplinary perspective on organizations from economic, political, sociological, and psychological viewpoints. The economic perspective discusses factors of production, market implications, and different types of competition. The political perspective examines the nature of polity and power through classifications of participatory systems and types of political structures. Organizational power is also analyzed at different levels between organizations, groups, and individuals using frameworks like Etzioni's classification of coercive, utilitarian, normative, and affective power.
This document discusses pipelined processors and different approaches to pipelining. It describes ideal pipelining and how clock period is determined. It then discusses challenges with pipelining like hazards and clocking overhead. Different techniques for pipelining like conventional pipelining, wave pipelining, and self-timed circuits are explained. Issues with wave pipelining like timing constraints and balancing delays are also covered.
The document discusses techniques for improving branch performance in pipelined processors, including branch elimination, branch speed up, branch prediction, and branch target capture. Branch speed up techniques aim to reduce the time required to compute condition codes and determine the branch outcome. These include early target address generation, increasing the gap between condition checking and branching by inserting noped instructions, and delayed branching. Branch prediction involves guessing the branch outcome and speculatively executing down that path to reduce delays if the prediction is correct. Static prediction strategies make predictions based on the instruction type and known branch probabilities.
MOINC is a prototype architecture that combines web services, grid computing, and volunteer computing. It aims to improve the scalability and availability of web services. The key components are the MOINC Server, Server Manager, and Client Agent, which communicate via the Thisara framework. The MOINC Server acts as the coordinator and manages resources and services. It allows dynamic addition and removal of nodes to balance loads across volunteer resources. This creates a highly scalable architecture for deploying web services on grid environments with improved reliability and performance.
The Other Social, Collaboration Days 2014Stefan Heinz
In the area of IT when talking about 'Social' we usually jump right into a tech discussion without looking at some crucial factors that have nothing to do with technology.
This talk is meant to raise questions, point the audience to assumptions, processes, etc. that have either been taken for granted or just been overlooked.
i) Introducing a new instruction that replaces existing instructions will decrease the number of instructions (N) but likely increase the clock period (T) and cycles per instruction (C) as the new instruction has a more complex task. The maximum possible performance improvement is 4x.
ii) Pipelining will decrease the cycles per instruction (C) but may increase it above 1 due to hazards. The clock period (T) and number of instructions (N) will remain unchanged.
iii) Splitting the stage with maximum delay will decrease the clock period (T) and increase the cycles per instruction (C) as it introduces an additional cycle for affected instructions. But the number of instructions (N) remains
The document describes the operation of a superscalar processor using scoreboarding to handle data dependencies between instructions. It shows the status of six instructions being issued and executed across five functional units in multiple cycles. The status includes which functional units are busy, the operations and operands being processed, and the status of instructions in the issue, execute, and writeback stages.
This document provides a multidisciplinary perspective on organizations from economic, political, sociological, and psychological viewpoints. The economic perspective discusses factors of production, market implications, and different types of competition. The political perspective examines the nature of polity and power through classifications of participatory systems and types of political structures. Organizational power is also analyzed at different levels between organizations, groups, and individuals using frameworks like Etzioni's classification of coercive, utilitarian, normative, and affective power.
This document discusses pipelined processors and different approaches to pipelining. It describes ideal pipelining and how clock period is determined. It then discusses challenges with pipelining like hazards and clocking overhead. Different techniques for pipelining like conventional pipelining, wave pipelining, and self-timed circuits are explained. Issues with wave pipelining like timing constraints and balancing delays are also covered.
The document discusses techniques for improving branch performance in pipelined processors, including branch elimination, branch speed up, branch prediction, and branch target capture. Branch speed up techniques aim to reduce the time required to compute condition codes and determine the branch outcome. These include early target address generation, increasing the gap between condition checking and branching by inserting noped instructions, and delayed branching. Branch prediction involves guessing the branch outcome and speculatively executing down that path to reduce delays if the prediction is correct. Static prediction strategies make predictions based on the instruction type and known branch probabilities.
MOINC is a prototype architecture that combines web services, grid computing, and volunteer computing. It aims to improve the scalability and availability of web services. The key components are the MOINC Server, Server Manager, and Client Agent, which communicate via the Thisara framework. The MOINC Server acts as the coordinator and manages resources and services. It allows dynamic addition and removal of nodes to balance loads across volunteer resources. This creates a highly scalable architecture for deploying web services on grid environments with improved reliability and performance.
Google Never Dies Meetup ( Obbserv + SEMrush ) the vision of digital you Ravi Soni
A perspective of Obbserv to showcase the digital journey, observing the movement of human towards machines and observing the journey of digital from consumer to the brand.
There are various stakeholders in an organization including inside stakeholders like managers and employees, and outside stakeholders like customers, suppliers, and the local community. Managers must balance satisfying the goals of all stakeholders to ensure organizational effectiveness. However, the goals of managers and shareholders may conflict, creating an agency problem. Managers can use incentives and governance mechanisms to align their interests with shareholders and solve the agency problem. Organizations also face ethical dilemmas when stakeholder interests conflict, so they must establish ethical codes and cultures through leadership, policies, and structures.
A functional structure groups employees by their skills and expertise. While it provides specialization benefits, it can cause communication, measurement, location, customer, and strategic problems as the organization grows. Managers can address these control problems by redesigning the structure to improve integration between functions. As organizations diversify their products, locations, and customers, they often adopt divisional structures like product, geographic, and market divisions to better align the organization with these demands. Matrix and network structures provide alternative approaches to balancing functional and divisional coordination needs.
There are several reasons why organizations exist, including to increase specialization and division of labor, utilize large-scale technologies, and benefit from economies of scale and scope. Organizations also exist to manage external pressures, reduce transaction costs, and exert power and control. When measuring organizational effectiveness, managers consider control of the external environment, innovation of internal systems, and efficiency of converting resources into goods and services. Effectiveness is determined by official goals, mission statements, and operative goals that guide employee work.
This document provides background context on different eras of business capitalism throughout history, from petty business capitalism in the 12th century to financial capitalism in the early 20th century. It then discusses traditional concepts of management, including the owner-worker relationship and buffer agency theory. Finally, it outlines the focus of the course, dividing it between macro-organization management, human resource systems management, and micro-organization management. It also defines an organization as a tool used by people to coordinate actions to obtain desired values, and defines entrepreneurship as recognizing opportunities to meet needs and using resources to do so.
The document discusses four key challenges in organizational design: differentiation, integration, centralization/decentralization, and standardization/mutual adjustment. It describes how differentiation involves allocating roles and resources to tasks, and how high differentiation requires strong integration. Effective structures balance these factors to fit an organization's environment according to contingency theory.
This document discusses the history and design of superscalar processors. It covers early prototypes from the 1980s, the introduction of commercial superscalar RISC and CISC processors in the late 1980s and early 1990s, and the tasks of superscalar processing including parallel decoding, instruction execution, and preserving sequential consistency. It also describes techniques like reservation stations, operand fetching policies, and approaches to instruction dispatching.
Register renaming and reordering allow superscalar processors to issue and execute instructions out of order to avoid dependencies. Register renaming removes false dependencies like write-after-read and write-after-write. A reordering buffer ensures sequential consistency for interrupts and enables speculative execution. The document discusses different techniques for register renaming using mapping tables or associative lookups, and how register renaming and reordering buffers work together to enable out-of-order execution in superscalar processors.
This document discusses high performance computing systems. It begins by asking basic questions about what constitutes high performance, who needs high performance systems, and how high performance can be achieved. It then discusses techniques for analyzing performance like simulation and experimentation. The document goes on to cover topics like execution time, factors that influence clock period, techniques for instruction level parallelism like pipelining, VLIW processors, and superscalar processors. It also discusses process level parallel architectures like shared memory multiprocessors and issues they present like cache coherence. Finally, it briefly outlines the history and quest for increasing supercomputer performance.
This document describes techniques for speculative execution in superscalar processors. It discusses how branch prediction and out-of-order execution allow fetching and executing instructions before control dependencies are resolved. A key requirement for speculation is the ability to undo incorrectly speculated instructions using a re-order buffer and committing instructions only when predictions are correct. Tomasulo's algorithm is extended with a re-order buffer to support speculative execution, allowing instructions to complete out-of-order but commit in-order.
1) Different types of pipelines including degree of overlap, depth, structure, and scheduling.
2) The three main types of hazards in pipelining: data hazards, control hazards, and structural hazards.
3) Methods for handling hazards such as forwarding, stalling, branch prediction, and collision-free scheduling.
THE SACRIFICE HOW PRO-PALESTINE PROTESTS STUDENTS ARE SACRIFICING TO CHANGE T...indexPub
The recent surge in pro-Palestine student activism has prompted significant responses from universities, ranging from negotiations and divestment commitments to increased transparency about investments in companies supporting the war on Gaza. This activism has led to the cessation of student encampments but also highlighted the substantial sacrifices made by students, including academic disruptions and personal risks. The primary drivers of these protests are poor university administration, lack of transparency, and inadequate communication between officials and students. This study examines the profound emotional, psychological, and professional impacts on students engaged in pro-Palestine protests, focusing on Generation Z's (Gen-Z) activism dynamics. This paper explores the significant sacrifices made by these students and even the professors supporting the pro-Palestine movement, with a focus on recent global movements. Through an in-depth analysis of printed and electronic media, the study examines the impacts of these sacrifices on the academic and personal lives of those involved. The paper highlights examples from various universities, demonstrating student activism's long-term and short-term effects, including disciplinary actions, social backlash, and career implications. The researchers also explore the broader implications of student sacrifices. The findings reveal that these sacrifices are driven by a profound commitment to justice and human rights, and are influenced by the increasing availability of information, peer interactions, and personal convictions. The study also discusses the broader implications of this activism, comparing it to historical precedents and assessing its potential to influence policy and public opinion. The emotional and psychological toll on student activists is significant, but their sense of purpose and community support mitigates some of these challenges. However, the researchers call for acknowledging the broader Impact of these sacrifices on the future global movement of FreePalestine.
A Visual Guide to 1 Samuel | A Tale of Two HeartsSteve Thomason
These slides walk through the story of 1 Samuel. Samuel is the last judge of Israel. The people reject God and want a king. Saul is anointed as the first king, but he is not a good king. David, the shepherd boy is anointed and Saul is envious of him. David shows honor while Saul continues to self destruct.
Gender and Mental Health - Counselling and Family Therapy Applications and In...PsychoTech Services
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
Google Never Dies Meetup ( Obbserv + SEMrush ) the vision of digital you Ravi Soni
A perspective of Obbserv to showcase the digital journey, observing the movement of human towards machines and observing the journey of digital from consumer to the brand.
There are various stakeholders in an organization including inside stakeholders like managers and employees, and outside stakeholders like customers, suppliers, and the local community. Managers must balance satisfying the goals of all stakeholders to ensure organizational effectiveness. However, the goals of managers and shareholders may conflict, creating an agency problem. Managers can use incentives and governance mechanisms to align their interests with shareholders and solve the agency problem. Organizations also face ethical dilemmas when stakeholder interests conflict, so they must establish ethical codes and cultures through leadership, policies, and structures.
A functional structure groups employees by their skills and expertise. While it provides specialization benefits, it can cause communication, measurement, location, customer, and strategic problems as the organization grows. Managers can address these control problems by redesigning the structure to improve integration between functions. As organizations diversify their products, locations, and customers, they often adopt divisional structures like product, geographic, and market divisions to better align the organization with these demands. Matrix and network structures provide alternative approaches to balancing functional and divisional coordination needs.
There are several reasons why organizations exist, including to increase specialization and division of labor, utilize large-scale technologies, and benefit from economies of scale and scope. Organizations also exist to manage external pressures, reduce transaction costs, and exert power and control. When measuring organizational effectiveness, managers consider control of the external environment, innovation of internal systems, and efficiency of converting resources into goods and services. Effectiveness is determined by official goals, mission statements, and operative goals that guide employee work.
This document provides background context on different eras of business capitalism throughout history, from petty business capitalism in the 12th century to financial capitalism in the early 20th century. It then discusses traditional concepts of management, including the owner-worker relationship and buffer agency theory. Finally, it outlines the focus of the course, dividing it between macro-organization management, human resource systems management, and micro-organization management. It also defines an organization as a tool used by people to coordinate actions to obtain desired values, and defines entrepreneurship as recognizing opportunities to meet needs and using resources to do so.
The document discusses four key challenges in organizational design: differentiation, integration, centralization/decentralization, and standardization/mutual adjustment. It describes how differentiation involves allocating roles and resources to tasks, and how high differentiation requires strong integration. Effective structures balance these factors to fit an organization's environment according to contingency theory.
This document discusses the history and design of superscalar processors. It covers early prototypes from the 1980s, the introduction of commercial superscalar RISC and CISC processors in the late 1980s and early 1990s, and the tasks of superscalar processing including parallel decoding, instruction execution, and preserving sequential consistency. It also describes techniques like reservation stations, operand fetching policies, and approaches to instruction dispatching.
Register renaming and reordering allow superscalar processors to issue and execute instructions out of order to avoid dependencies. Register renaming removes false dependencies like write-after-read and write-after-write. A reordering buffer ensures sequential consistency for interrupts and enables speculative execution. The document discusses different techniques for register renaming using mapping tables or associative lookups, and how register renaming and reordering buffers work together to enable out-of-order execution in superscalar processors.
This document discusses high performance computing systems. It begins by asking basic questions about what constitutes high performance, who needs high performance systems, and how high performance can be achieved. It then discusses techniques for analyzing performance like simulation and experimentation. The document goes on to cover topics like execution time, factors that influence clock period, techniques for instruction level parallelism like pipelining, VLIW processors, and superscalar processors. It also discusses process level parallel architectures like shared memory multiprocessors and issues they present like cache coherence. Finally, it briefly outlines the history and quest for increasing supercomputer performance.
This document describes techniques for speculative execution in superscalar processors. It discusses how branch prediction and out-of-order execution allow fetching and executing instructions before control dependencies are resolved. A key requirement for speculation is the ability to undo incorrectly speculated instructions using a re-order buffer and committing instructions only when predictions are correct. Tomasulo's algorithm is extended with a re-order buffer to support speculative execution, allowing instructions to complete out-of-order but commit in-order.
1) Different types of pipelines including degree of overlap, depth, structure, and scheduling.
2) The three main types of hazards in pipelining: data hazards, control hazards, and structural hazards.
3) Methods for handling hazards such as forwarding, stalling, branch prediction, and collision-free scheduling.
THE SACRIFICE HOW PRO-PALESTINE PROTESTS STUDENTS ARE SACRIFICING TO CHANGE T...indexPub
The recent surge in pro-Palestine student activism has prompted significant responses from universities, ranging from negotiations and divestment commitments to increased transparency about investments in companies supporting the war on Gaza. This activism has led to the cessation of student encampments but also highlighted the substantial sacrifices made by students, including academic disruptions and personal risks. The primary drivers of these protests are poor university administration, lack of transparency, and inadequate communication between officials and students. This study examines the profound emotional, psychological, and professional impacts on students engaged in pro-Palestine protests, focusing on Generation Z's (Gen-Z) activism dynamics. This paper explores the significant sacrifices made by these students and even the professors supporting the pro-Palestine movement, with a focus on recent global movements. Through an in-depth analysis of printed and electronic media, the study examines the impacts of these sacrifices on the academic and personal lives of those involved. The paper highlights examples from various universities, demonstrating student activism's long-term and short-term effects, including disciplinary actions, social backlash, and career implications. The researchers also explore the broader implications of student sacrifices. The findings reveal that these sacrifices are driven by a profound commitment to justice and human rights, and are influenced by the increasing availability of information, peer interactions, and personal convictions. The study also discusses the broader implications of this activism, comparing it to historical precedents and assessing its potential to influence policy and public opinion. The emotional and psychological toll on student activists is significant, but their sense of purpose and community support mitigates some of these challenges. However, the researchers call for acknowledging the broader Impact of these sacrifices on the future global movement of FreePalestine.
A Visual Guide to 1 Samuel | A Tale of Two HeartsSteve Thomason
These slides walk through the story of 1 Samuel. Samuel is the last judge of Israel. The people reject God and want a king. Saul is anointed as the first king, but he is not a good king. David, the shepherd boy is anointed and Saul is envious of him. David shows honor while Saul continues to self destruct.
Gender and Mental Health - Counselling and Family Therapy Applications and In...PsychoTech Services
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
CapTechTalks Webinar Slides June 2024 Donovan Wright.pptxCapitolTechU
Slides from a Capitol Technology University webinar held June 20, 2024. The webinar featured Dr. Donovan Wright, presenting on the Department of Defense Digital Transformation.
How to Manage Reception Report in Odoo 17Celine George
A business may deal with both sales and purchases occasionally. They buy things from vendors and then sell them to their customers. Such dealings can be confusing at times. Because multiple clients may inquire about the same product at the same time, after purchasing those products, customers must be assigned to them. Odoo has a tool called Reception Report that can be used to complete this assignment. By enabling this, a reception report comes automatically after confirming a receipt, from which we can assign products to orders.
Andreas Schleicher presents PISA 2022 Volume III - Creative Thinking - 18 Jun...EduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher, Director of Education and Skills at the OECD presents at the launch of PISA 2022 Volume III - Creative Minds, Creative Schools on 18 June 2024.