Google search architecture relies on crawling webpages with Googlebot crawlers, indexing the gathered pages to create a searchable index including word locations, and ranking pages using over 200 signals from algorithms to determine the most relevant results to display based on the user's search query.

1. Google Search Architecture

2. Google Search Architecture
Google search Architecture is mainly depends on 3
important factors:
1) Crawling
2) Indexing
3) Ranking
Google Crawling:
Googlebot.” Crawlers look at webpages and follow links on those pages, much like you would if
you were browsing content on the web. They go from link to link and bring data about those
webpages back to Google’s servers.

3. Google Search Architecture

4. Google Search Architecture
Google Indexing
Google essentially gathers the pages during the crawl process and
then creates an index, so we know exactly how to look things up.
Much like the index in the back of a book, the Google index
includes information about words and their locations.
Algorithms
Today Google’s algorithms rely on more than 200 unique signals or
“clues” that make it possible to guess what you might really be
looking for. These signals include things like the terms on websites,
the freshness of content, your region and PageRank.

5. Google Search Architecture

6. Google Search Architecture
https://www.google.com/insidesearch/howsearchworks/algorithms.html
Ranking
Showing our website in first page of Google when user looking for answers in Google
Search results.

7. Google Search Architecture