1. "Communism Spreads to China as Nationalists Lose Civil War" - Mao Zedong and the Communists take control of mainland China, forcing the Nationalists to flee to Taiwan - Containment fails as communism expands its influence in Asia 2. "UN Forces Engage North Korea as Cold War's First Military Challenge" - The Korean War becomes a stalemate with the border remaining divided at the 38th parallel - Doubts emerge about the effectiveness of containment as a foreign policy strategy 3. "McCarthy Launches Anticommunist Witch Hunts, Sparking Civil Liberties

1. Goal 11Part 2
Chinese Civil War &
Korean War (1950-1953)
Witch Hunts
Eisenhower

2. Chinese Civil War
 Chinese Communists VS. Chinese Nationalists
Leader: Mao Zedong Leader: Chiang Kai-Shek
Soviet support U.S. support
Communist Democracy
Result: Chinese Nationalist (U.S. supported) LOST!
Communism spread to China!!!!
Nationalists fled to the island of TAIWAN
American reaction: Containment didn’t work!!!

3. The Korean War (1950-1953)
(The Forgotten War)
 After WWII = Korea was divided because…..
North surrenders to S.U
S surrenders to Allies
N = Communism
S = Democracy
(pro-Western world /
Anti Communist)

4. North Korea ATTACKS South Korea
 1950 – North Korea invades South Korea
(Artillery provided by SOVIET UNION)
 FIRST MILITARY CHALLENGE OF THE COLD
WAR
 South Korea = wants HELP!
 United Nations send troops!
 North Korea pushed S. Koreans all the way down to
a small area on the coast
*****************************************************
 TURNING POINT OF KOREAN WAR
 U.N. sends in AMERICAN TROOPS!!!!!

5. Korean War
(1950-1953)
Foreign Policy
- Containment
Turning Point:
UN Involvement

6. Douglas MacArthur’s attack
 MacArthur and troops PUSH BACK the North Koreans
 Truman's WARNING: STAY AWAY FROM CHINA!!!!!!!
 YALU RIVER: Border between China and North Korea
 MaCarthur sends troops closer!
 CHINA joins North Koreans to fight U.S and South
Koreans

7. MacArthur and WWIII?????
Macarthur Vs. Truman
 MacArthur recommends attacking China
 Truman doesn’t like it! (Soviet connection to
China) – could trigger WWIII?!?!
 MacArthur goes to the papers and criticized
Truman!
 Truman FIRES MacArthur (1951)

8. Korean War Legacy (1950-1953)
(1) STILL SPLIT TODAY (North and South)
(2) NICKNAME: Forgotten War
(3) Ends in a “Stalemate”
(4) Divided on the 38th
parallel
(4) CONTAINMENT IS NOT WORKING!!!!!!!!!!
What does this “unsuccessful war” prove about the
Democratic Party?
New Republican President - Dwight D. Eisenhower
(1952-1960)

9. Primary Source Crawl
 Objective: To understand the international and domestic tensions
resulting from the Cold War
 Directions: Groups of 3 – 4 will analyze a primary document from
the Cold War era (beginning in 1945). Each group will bullet point
the goals and establish an understanding of the underlying purpose
of the program, speech or theme.
 Each poster merely includes goals of “rebuilding” in postwar Europe.
 Think about: What are the intensions behind
democracy? What are the benefits to America?
What are the goals and what will be the process?
 Each group will place their poster in the room while you move
around and analyze the other sources
 DUE TODAY: Group poster / Chart

10. Cold War at Home
Complete FEAR of Communism (RED SCARE II)
Loyalty Review Boards: Created under Truman
to investigate loyalty of federal government
agents / questioning their loyalty to American
intension
212 people were arrested and
29,000 resigned
Civil liberty threat: investigated
individuals were not
allowed to see the evidence

11. House Un-American Activities
Committee (HUAC) (1947)
- investigations of communists influence in the
“movie industry” in America
- sneaking in Communist propaganda in films!
*Hollywood Ten – Ten “unfriendly” actors were
called to testify…didn’t want to testify = hearings
were considered unconstitutional!
Outcome of Hollywood Ten = prison!
Result: HOLLYWOOD BLACKLIST
condemned actors that have
“proclaimed” Communist
backgrounds!

12. HUAC
“Its Okay –
We are Hunting
Down Communist!”
“reckless and NO concern for the innocent”

13. McCarthy (not MacArthur) Launches
his WITCH HUNTS
 MOST FAMOUS (anti-Communist) activist =
Joseph McCarthy
Point: hunt down Communist
(Reminder: Palmer Raids after WWI)
- Political agenda?????
Attacks on suspected Communism
in the1950s = McCarthyism (def.)
_____________________________________
_
*Root Communism out of American society

14. Causes and Effects of
McCarthyism
Causes: (1) Communism threat
(2) Soviets develop A-Bomb
(3) Korean War ends in stalemate
(containment is not working)
Effects: (1) Americans were FORCED to take
loyalty oaths
(2) Americans = scared to speak on public issues!
(3) Anti-Communism / Containment = American
foreign policy during Cold War
*** CIVIL LIBERITES ***

15. 2 spy CASES (Post WWII) Alger Hiss
and The Rosenberg's)
(1) Alger Hiss – accused of spying for the
Soviet Union in the U.S.
OUTCOME: RICHARD NIXON (Conservative
Republican Congressmen) gained national
fame for pursuing this case
- Nixon – elected Vice President

16. Spy Cases
(The Rosenberg’s)
 Story: Soviets detonate an
Atomic Bomb
 American fear went up
 Who told them how to do it?????
 Ethel and Julius Rosenberg – American
Communist activists (political Party)
 Plead the 5th
Amendment
 Claimed Jewish heritage incriminated them (racism/
nativism / anti-Semitism)
 Found guilty of espionage and sentenced to death
 1997 – Soviets released that Julius was a spy, but did
not give information about Atomic Bomb

17. Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidency
(1952-1960)
“Modern Republicanism”
- Conservative – Money $
- Liberal = People’s Rights
1949 – A-Bomb was detonated by S.U.
H Bomb (Hydrogen) = Issue: MORALS!!!!!!!
- Race (U.S. v. S.U.) / U.S.= WON!
- BUT, the S.U. made one a year later
Leads to
BRINKMANSHIP
(1) Creation of Nuclear weapons
(2) Shaved resources from army and navy and
expanded the Air Force (to deliver bombs)

18. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)
*Purpose: Spy
(gather information) on
“unfriendly / Communist”
countries.
Created because of Cold War confrontations
Eisenhower’s** DOMINO THEORY ** -
the fall of one country after another to
communism

19. Eisenhower
& Civil Rights
 Eisenhower has the
power to extinguish the
harsh realities of the civil
rights crisis….
but doesn’t react

20. NIKITA KHRUSHCHEV
 New Soviet Union Leader
1953 – 1964 after Stalin’s death
Similarity
Communism will take over the world BUT
“Peaceful” world takeover
Difference
Denounces Stalin’s treatment of Soviet
people

21. Warsaw Pact
(S.U. version of NATO)
Nikita Khrushchev
 West Germany joins NATO
S.U. = SCARED Germany will attack them
So….. S.U. forms it’s OWN military Alliance
system = Warsaw Pact
NATO = U.S / Western European countries
Warsaw Pact = S.U. / Satellite Nations

23. Eisenhower Doctrine (1957)
S.U. begins to push Communism into the
Middle East
 Issued in 1957, a WARNING to S.U. on
spreading Communism to the
MIDDLE EAST
Example of Containment

24. Hungarian Uprising (1956)
Revolution in Hungary / Pro – Democracy
Liberal revolutionaries “DEMANDED”
Soviets to leave Hungary
Soviet Reactions:
- Soviet tanks rolled in and killed
over 30,000 Hungarians
- Soviets overthrew the Hungarian
government and established a
harsh Communist government
U.S. and United Nations Reaction:
NOTHING / Security Council didn’t allow it

25. COLD WAR IN THE SKIES
**** SPACE RACE ****
October 4, 1957 = S.U. launched
****SPUTNIK****– 1st
artificial satellite in
space
- traveled around the earth with a
speed of 18,000 MPH / 90 minutes to
circle the Earth
American Reaction: Shock!

26. U-2 Incident
 CIA begins to make “secret” flights over S.U.
 U-2 = plane
 Pilot: Francis Powers
 Soviets shot down the U-2
 Powers parachuted into Soviet territory
 S.U. is MAD!!!!!!!
 S.U. DEMANDED an Apology – U.S. didn’t give one
Result: U – 2 incident opened the 1960s with a renewed
hatred between Soviet Union and U.S.

27. Dr. Jonas Salk
Developed a “vaccine” to
prevent the spread of “POLIO”
 MAJOR MEDICAL
ADVANCEMENT IN
AMERICA in the 50s
“Salk can Walk”
Polio Fighter!

28. Interstate Highway Act (1956)
 Signed under Eisenhower =
MILES OF ROADWAYS
 More cars (AUTOMANIA) – need for more
roads
 Impact / Result: New roads = encouraged
the development of new suburbs away from
cities / helped businesses
with shipping

29. White Flight
 Millions of middle-class White Americans left
the cities for the suburbs
 Issue: “Chosen Isolation” from other cultures,
plus resources went with them
 White Flight directly impacts poor whites and
all nonwhite cultures

30. Create a HEADLINE for each event below and describe
TWO outcomes for each event
 Chinese Civil War
 Korean War
 Loyalty Review Boards
 House Un-American Activities Committee
 Alger Hiss and the Rosenberg's
 McCarthyism
 Election of Eisenhower
 Brinkmanship
 Domino Theory
 Election of Nikita Khrushchev
 Hungarian Revolution
 Warsaw Pact
 Space Race
 U2 Incident
 Interstate Highway Act
 White Flight