The document discusses go-karts. It begins by defining a go-kart as a simple four-wheeled racing car with a small engine that was initially created in the 1950s in the United States. It notes that go-karts have no suspension or differential. The document then discusses the parts of a go-kart including the chassis, engine, steering, transmission, tires, brakes, and electric starter. It provides some specifications of go-karts including engine size, maximum speed, weight, and dimensions. The document concludes by mentioning that many people are trying to build go-karts for under $1,000 USD to make them more affordable and popular.
Go-karting is an American invention that has become popular all over the world. But it can be quite dangerous without proper safety. Learn what you can do to protect yourself.
A go-kart, also written as go-cart (often referred to as simply a kart), is a type of open-wheel car. Go-karts come in all shapes and forms, from motorless models to high-powered racing machines. Some, such as Superkarts, are able to beat racing cars or motorcycles on long circuits.
Go-karting is an American invention that has become popular all over the world. But it can be quite dangerous without proper safety. Learn what you can do to protect yourself.
A go-kart, also written as go-cart (often referred to as simply a kart), is a type of open-wheel car. Go-karts come in all shapes and forms, from motorless models to high-powered racing machines. Some, such as Superkarts, are able to beat racing cars or motorcycles on long circuits.
Team Traxion'15 - Virtual Baja 2015 PresentationDhamodharan V
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Front Wheel Steering System With Moveable HeadlightsSuchit Moon
This is Mechanical project report on Front wheel steering system with moveable headlights with latest
electronics technology. The most standard steering arrangement is to show the front wheels employing
a hand–operated handwheel that is positioned before of the motive force, via the steering column, which
can contain universal joints to permit it to deviate somewhat from a line. alternative arrangements ar
generally found on differing types of vehicles, as an example, a tiller or rear–wheel steering. tracked
vehicles like tanks sometimes use differential steering — that's, the tracks are created to maneuver
at completely different speeds or maybe in opposite directions to originate a amendment in fact.
An overview to segway and its working principal.It is a self balancing robot, used for transportation purpose.It failed due to many of its disadvantages
Fabrication of a Model Go-Kart (With Low Cost)iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of mechanical and civil engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in mechanical and civil engineering. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Team Traxion'15 - Virtual Baja 2015 PresentationDhamodharan V
Traxion'15 is the official SAE collegiate team of Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering, Sriperumbudur, which participated in "SAE Virtual Baja 2015" held at Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad.
Front Wheel Steering System With Moveable HeadlightsSuchit Moon
This is Mechanical project report on Front wheel steering system with moveable headlights with latest
electronics technology. The most standard steering arrangement is to show the front wheels employing
a hand–operated handwheel that is positioned before of the motive force, via the steering column, which
can contain universal joints to permit it to deviate somewhat from a line. alternative arrangements ar
generally found on differing types of vehicles, as an example, a tiller or rear–wheel steering. tracked
vehicles like tanks sometimes use differential steering — that's, the tracks are created to maneuver
at completely different speeds or maybe in opposite directions to originate a amendment in fact.
An overview to segway and its working principal.It is a self balancing robot, used for transportation purpose.It failed due to many of its disadvantages
Fabrication of a Model Go-Kart (With Low Cost)iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of mechanical and civil engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in mechanical and civil engineering. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Transportation, both public and private, has become an important part of our day-to-day life. Its usage has increased
enormously leading to an increase in consumption of fuels. Global warming at this junction seems to be elevating rapidly.
However, due to the increased consumption of fuels and the depleting resources, there will be non-availability of
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SELECTION OF GEAR BOX FOR VARIOUS MECHANICAL SYSTEMSANDIP THORAT
Automotive gearboxes are used to reduce load on the engine by manipulating torque and speed. They have the option to select one of several different gear ratios.
Once the engine has reached a number of revolutions per minute, it is advisable to increase the gear to reduce the engine rpm to reduce wear on the engine, allow more control, and greater speeds, better acceleration, and better fuel economy.
Automotive gearbox also have the provision to do the opposite ie provide an increase in output shaft speed with a reduction of torque.
Most gearboxes are used to increase torque & reduce the speed of a output shaft. This produces a mechanical advantage .
Automotive gearboxes are used to reduce load on the engine by manipulating torque and speed. They have the option to select one of several different gear ratios.
Once the engine has reached a number of revolutions per minute, it is advisable to increase the gear to reduce the engine rpm to reduce wear on the engine, allow more control, and greater speeds, better acceleration, and better fuel economy.
Automotive gearbox also have the provision to do the opposite ie provide an increase in output shaft speed with a reduction of torque.
Most gearboxes are used to increase torque & reduce the speed of a output shaft. This produces a mechanical advantage .
Automotive gearboxes are used to reduce load on the engine by manipulating torque and speed. They have the option to select one of several different gear ratios.
Once the engine has reached a number of revolutions per minute, it is advisable to increase the gear to reduce the engine rpm to reduce wear on the engine, allow more control, and greater speeds, better acceleration, and better fuel economy.
Automotive gearbox also have the provision to do the opposite ie provide an increase in output shaft speed with a reduction of torque.
Most gearboxes are used to increase torque & reduce the speed of a output shaft. This produces a mechanical advantage .
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Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine LearningSUTEJAS
This presentation explores the concept of inductive bias in machine learning. It explains how algorithms come with built-in assumptions and preferences that guide the learning process. You'll learn about the different types of inductive bias and how they can impact the performance and generalizability of machine learning models.
The presentation also covers the positive and negative aspects of inductive bias, along with strategies for mitigating potential drawbacks. We'll explore examples of how bias manifests in algorithms like neural networks and decision trees.
By understanding inductive bias, you can gain valuable insights into how machine learning models work and make informed decisions when building and deploying them.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER IN CONDENSING HEAT EXCHANGERS...ssuser7dcef0
Power plants release a large amount of water vapor into the
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Condensation of vapors in flue gas is a complicated
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condenser depends on the knowledge and understanding of the
heat and mass transfer processes. A computer program for
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Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
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Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
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Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
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GO KART PROJECT BY DIET STUDENTS
1.
2. ABSTRACT
Go-kart is a simple four-wheeled, small engine, single
sealed racing car used mainly in United States. They were
initially created in the 1950s.
A Go-kart, by definition, has no suspension and no
differential. They are usually raced on scaled down tracks, but
are sometimes driven as entertainment or as a hobby by non-
professionals.
Go-kart has a 250cc two-stroke engine, which produce 15
bhp of power, which costs around 3 lakh. In India Indus motors
are also offering Go-karts for 1 lakh to 3 lakh.
But to make go kart popular the price must come down.
For that many people are trying to build one under 1 lakh and
we had also taken challenge and make under 30 thousand
3. INDEX
SR. NO TITLE
PAGE
NO.
Chapter.1 Introduction of Go Kart
1
Chapter.2 Literature rivew 2 to 3
Chapter.3 Part Of A Go Kart 4 to 9
Chapter.4 Specifications Of Go Kart 17 to 24
Chapter.5 Detail Drawing & 3D-Modeling 25
Chapter.6 Conclusion 26
Chapter.7 Reference 27
4.
5. 1. INTRODUCTION
There are many motor sports in the world. Bikes, Cars, Formula
one are examples of them. The drivers in these are very professionals and
accurate. They can drive it very fast. But there are also motor sports
which do not need professional drivers and need no great speed. Such a
motor sport is Go-Karting. They resemble to the formula one cars but it is
not as faster as F1 and also cost is very less. The drivers in go-karting are
also not professionals. Even children can also drive it. Go-karts have 4
wheels and a small engine. They are widely used in racing in US and also
they are getting popular in India.
Go-karts emerged in India in 2003 from MRF, which has a 250cc
two-stroke engine, which produce 15 bhp of power, which costs around 3
lakh. Indus motors are also offering Go-karts for 1 lakh to 3 lakh. There
are racing tracks in Nagpur for go-karting, which is known as the home of
go-karts in India. Many people take part in the racing and is getting
popular.
Go-karts in foreign countries have much more performance than the
Indians. One
type is a single engined 160cc 4-stroke kart with a maximum speed of
around 40
mph and second type, a twin-engined 320cc 4-stroke kart used in outdoor
with a
maximum speed of 70 mph.
6.
7. Classification
Type of Go kart
Off road go kart racing kart
Double seater
Single seater double seater
8. Uses of Go Kart
Fun & Drifting
Off Road Driving
F-1 Racing
Desert Racing
Short Distance Traveling
Advantages
Economic Price
More power
Enjoyment
Safety
Good use on offroad
Disadvantages
Low fuel Efficency
Over heating
High Friction & Pollution
Reduce tyre & Break Life
9.
10. 2. PARTS OF A GO KART
In a Go-Kart, there are mainly seven parts. They are
1. Chassis
2. Engine
3. Steering
4. Transmission
5. Tyres
6. Brake
7. Electric Starter
11. 2.1 CHASSIS
The chassis is an extremely imported element of the kart, as it must
provide, via flex, the equivalent of suspension to give good grip at the
front. Karts have no suspension, and are usually no bigger than is needed
to mount a seat for the driver and a small engine. Chassis construction is
normally of a tubular construction, typically GI with different grades. In
this kart, we use GI B class tube with 1” diameter. The chassis support
the power unit, power train, the running system etc.
12. 2.2 ENGINE
An engine of a go-kart is usually a small one. About 100-200cc. In
this kart, we use a Kinetic Honda Single Cylinder 98cc 2-stroke petrol
engine, which produces about 7.7 BHP of power at 5600 rpm. We use 2-
stroke engine because this is used for racing. So there is no need of
mileage.
13. 2.3 STEERINGSYSTEM
The steering of a go-kart is very sensitive. Because of lack of a
differential, a kart’s natural direction of travel, forwards, is very difficult
to change. However, the two rear wheels are attached by a solid axle, and
must therefore move together, so in order to turn, one of the wheels need
to skid over the track surface. In this kart we use a special kind of steering
system, disc and link mechanism. This mechanism with modification is
widely used in racing cars especially formula one cars.
In this system, the steering spindle is connected to a disk or plate
and this disk is connected to the front two wheels using two links. When
steering rotates, the disk also rotates and as a result, the link actuates and
the wheel will turn according to the rotation of steering.
14. 2.4 TRANSMISSION
Transmission means the whole of the mechanism that transmits the
power from the engine crankshaft to the rear wheels. In this vehicle, the
power from the engine is transmitted to the sprockets using chain, i.e. this
is chain drive. The driver sprocket has 12 teeth and driven sprocket has 44
teeth.
Usually go-karts do not have a differential and so we eliminate
differential from our vehicle also. And also this go-kart has no clutch and
gears because this is automatic transmission. Belt and pulley type CVT is
used in this kart. The power from the engine is transmitted to the rear two
wheels using chain drive. We use chain drive because it is capable of
taking shock loads.
15. 2.5 TYRES
For go-karts, wheels and tyres are much smaller than those used on
a normal car. The tyres will have increased grip and a hard one. And also
it can withstand the high temperature. In this kart, we use tyres having
14” dia for front and 16” dia for rear. This is used for an aerodynamic
shape. The tyres must have pressure of at least 18 psi.
2.6 BRAKE
Typically, go-karts will have single rear drum brakes, which is
situated on the rear axle. The brake will capable for stopping the kart
running in 40 mph. The pedals actuated by the left leg operate the brakes.
16.
17. 2.7 Electric Start
Both Otto cycle and Diesel cycle internal-combustion engines
require the pistons to be moving before the ignition phase of the cycle.
This means that the engine must be set in motion by an external force
before it can power itself. Originally, a hand crank was used to start
engines, but it was inconvenient and rather hard work to crank the
engine up to speed. It was also highly dangerous. Even though cranks
had an overrun mechanism to prevent it, when the engine started, a
crank could begin to spin along with the crankshaft. The operator had to
pull away immediately, or else risk a broken wrist, or worse. Moreover,
as engines evolved, they became larger and compression ratios
increased, making hand cranking an increasingly difficult matter.
STARTER MOTOR DETAIL.
18.
19. 3.SPECIFICATIONS OF A GO – KART
Engine Displacement (cc) - 98
No. Of cylinders – 1
Type of Fuel - PETROL
No. Of Strokes - 4
Maximum power (bhp) - 7.7 bhp @ 5600 rpm
No. Of gears - variator
Max. Torque – 1.0 kgm @ 5000 rpm
Overall Length (mm) - 1650
Height (mm) - 710
Wheel Base (mm) - 1270
Ground Clearance (mm) - 203
Kerb Weight (kg) - 70
Fuel tank capacity - 2 liter
Type of Cooling – air cooling
Break type – Drum
20.
21. 4.FABRICATION
CHASSIS
First of all, the chassis is constructed. The GI pipe is taken as per
dimensions and bends in required places using bending machine. Then
the pipes are welded rigid
AXLE
The required shaft is taken as per the dimensions and turned on the
lathe.
SPROCKET
The sprocketis welded on the axle at required place.
BRAKE
The brake is also placed in the axle in the left side. The boredom is
connected to it and is connected to left pedal in front of kart.
ACCELERATOR
The accelerator pedal is placed is the right side of the front of the
kart and is connected to the engine.
ENGINE
The engine is mounted in the chassis and the chain is connected to
the sprocketand engine.
22. FUEL TANK
The fuel tank is placed in the upper position of the engine level
using clamps and bolts.
MUFFLER
The two pipes are taken as per the dimension and join together.
Then 3 ‘ V ‘ Shaped cuts are made in large cylinder and 3 washers are
placed inside it and the ‘ V ‘ cuts are re welded and grinded. The inlet end
of muffler is bolted to the exhaust of engine and also a rubber bush is
placed to supportthe muffler.
REAR WHEELS AND TYRES
The 2 wheels are connected to the both ends of the axle and bolted
together. Then the assembly is connected to the chassis using 2 bushed
bearing.
STEERING
The steering spindle and steering are made as per the dimensions
and bolted together. This is connected to the plate and link mechanism.
This mechanism is connected to the 2 front wheels.
SEAT
First the seat is mounted on seat stand using bolts and the seat is
bolted on the chassis.
23. ELECTRIC START
The battery is placed under the seat and connected to the starting
motor using wires. And the switch is placed in the steering spindle stand.
PAINTING
The painting is done to increase the appearance to the kart. The
chassis, steering and steering spindle, wheels, seat, muffler, engine cover
etc are painted using different colors. The pedals are also painted.
29. Auto CAR Magazine, February 2015 issue
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