This document discusses the etiopathogenesis of glomerular diseases. It states that the glomerulus has two components, the cell and the matrix. Glomerular damage activates processes that regulate cell number, cell phenotype, and extracellular matrix deposition, resulting in varied morphologies across glomerular diseases. It lists several factors that can trigger glomerular diseases, including immunological factors, metabolic changes, extracellular matrix alterations, genetic factors, hemodynamic factors, toxins, and infectious agents. The key mechanisms of glomerular injury involve proliferation of inflammatory and glomerular cells, as well as changes to apoptosis and the extracellular matrix.
Chronic myelogenous leukemia ( CML )
Tests to be done in order to differentiate CML from other dieases with common clinical features.
It's pathogenesis, clinical presentation and features of diagnostic tests.
Methods of treatment. Prognosis of a disease according to "Sokal" score
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Chronic myelogenous leukemia ( CML )
Tests to be done in order to differentiate CML from other dieases with common clinical features.
It's pathogenesis, clinical presentation and features of diagnostic tests.
Methods of treatment. Prognosis of a disease according to "Sokal" score
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
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references
20th edition of Harrison's T.B. OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
Blood and Lymphatic Cancer: Targets and Therapy
Advances in the diagnosis and management
of lymphoma
Zachary H Word1
Matthew J Matasar1,2
This is about glomerulonephritis and all that you need to know. It contains different images illustrating this subject matter, well defined outline, different aspect of glomerulonephritis, which include acute and chronic glomerulonephritis, nephritic and nephrotic syndrome, investigations, how to diagnose glomerulonephritis, treatment and important discussions on Glomerulonephritidis. It is a presentation you need to check out.
Membranous GN
MOST COMMON cause is idiopathic (85%); peak age 30-50; male:female, 2:1
May be secondary to:
Drugs-captopril, penicillamine, gold, mercury, trimethadione, NSAIDS
Infections-malaria (P. malariae), leprosy, schistosomiasis, syphilis, hepatitis B and C, filariasis, hydatid disease and enterococcal endocarditis
Diseases-malignancy (Carcinoma of breast, lung, colon, stomach, and esophagus) melanoma, renal cell CA, SLE, sarcoidosis, diabetes, thyroiditis, sickle cell anemia, Crohn’s disease
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
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Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
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Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
3. El glomérulo es un vaso especializado con 2
componentes: Célula y Matriz.
Daño glomerular: se activan procesos de regulación del
número de células y del fenotipo celular y del depósito de
matriz extracelular.
Resultado: La morfología de las enfermedades
glomerulares es muy dispar.
5. Cambios en el microambiente celular
Trastornos metabólicos
• Hiperglucemia y LDL
• Producción de citosinas, matriz extracelular,
apoptosis.
Alteraciones de Matriz Extracelular
• Deposito glomerular de ME anormal.
• Colágeno III
Depósitos Extracelulares
• Amiloidosis
• Depósitos proteicos extracelulares
6. Factores
Hemodinámic
os
Nefropatía Hipertensiva
lesión glomerular con
reducción de masa renal
Tóxicos
Adriamicina y Puromicina ---
Toxicos para los podocitos.
Veneno de serpiente Habu =
Mesangiolisis
Toxico de MAYOR INTERES:
Verotoxina
De E. Coli – Sindrome Uremico
hemolitico
Agentes
Infecciosos
Agentes que producen
toxinas o desencadenan
respuestas inmunes
anomalas o frente a ag
microbianos
inducen daño renal
Virus de la hepatitis C,
VHB, CMV.
Glomerulonefritis
Postinfecciosa
7. Factores genéticos
• Pueden ser causa de nefropatía glomerular.
• Predisposición al desarrollo de lesión glomerular,
• Progresión de la misma y sobre la respuesta al tratamiento
8. MECANISMOS BÁSICOS DE
LESIÓN
Glomerulonefriti
s
Proliferativas
Incremento en el
numero de celulas
inflamatorias y
glomerulares.
Mitosis y
Apoptosis
alteradas
No Proliferativas: Numero de celulas
normal
Celulas:
9. Celulas Que Participan En El Daño
Glomerular
Celulas Glomerulares Intrínsecas
Neutrófilos(Fase aguda), Macrófagos, y
Linfocitos(F.Cronica).
Plaquetas
Fibroblastos
10. MEDIADORES DE LA INFLAMACIÓN
CITOCINAS
EICOSANOIDES Y PAF
MOLECULAS DE ADHESION
COMPLEMENTO
RADICALES DE OXIGENO
FACTORES DE COAGULACION
Y FIBRINOLISIS
11. EVOLUCIÓN DEL DAÑO GLOMERULAR
Desencadenamiento
Ampliación y
Mantenimiento
Quimiotaxis de
Leucocitos
Proliferación y Lesión
Glomerular
Expansión de ME
Resolución
Progresión y
Fibrosis
Lesión
Tubulointersticial
12. CLASIFICACIÓN DE LAS
ENFERMEDADES GLOMERULARES
• Glomerulonefritis: Se emplea para designar todas aquellas enfermedades
que afectan la estructura y función glomerular.
• Entidades heterogéneas en etiología, manifestaciones clínica y evolución.
Clasificación en función de evolución y tiempo:
1. Glomerulonefritis aguda: evolucionan en días con un comienzo y
fin delimitado de tiempo.
2. Glomerulonefritis crónicas: curso insidioso y evolución variable a
lo largo de los años.
Todas las glomerulonefritis agudas o crónicas pueden evolucionar de
forma rápidamente progresiva en algún momento de su desarrollo.
13. • Enfoque etiológico: Glomerulonefritis primarias y secundarias.
• La biopsia renal percutánea ha podido ayudarnos a establecer diversos
tipos morfológicos de Glomerulonefritis y esta clasificación histológica
es la mas usada.
• El estudio histológico renal es, por tanto, la principal herramienta
diagnóstica
• la proteinuria masiva es un dato de mal pronóstico en la mayoría de las
glomerulonefritis crónicas.
• La insuficiencia renal crónica es otro dato de mal pronóstico evolutivo,
independientemente del tipo de diagnóstico histológico.
14. • Otros datos clínicos a tener en cuenta:
• Edad: Varia en todas, y en la mayoría de los sx nefróticos de la
infancia estos corresponden a nefropatía por cambios
minimos.
• Sindrome nefrótico o nefrítico: Pueden coexistir en un mismo
paciente, si presenta una no presenta la otra. (nefrótico o
nefrítico).
• Hipocomplementemia: La reducción del complemento será
frecuente en casi todas las Glomerulonefritis,
15. SINDROME NEFROTICO:
FISIOPATOLOGIA Y TRATAMIENTO
GENERAL.
• Consecuencia clínica del aumento de la permeabilidad de la pared
capilar glomerular.
• Por esa causa encontraremos: proteinuria masiva, hipoalbuminemia,
grados variables de edema, hiperlipemia y lipiduria.
• Proteinuria nefrótica a aquella capaz de producir hipoalbuminemia.
16. CAUSAS DEL SX NEFROTICO
• Cualquier enfermedad glomerular, primaria o secundaria, puede
producir síndrome nefrótico en algún momento de su evolución.
• Incidencia: 1/100mil habitantes.
• La frecuencia relativa de enfermedades que lo producen varian con la
edad.
• En niños se deben a nefropatía de cambios mínimos.
• En adultos, la causa más frecuente es secundaria, la nefropatía
diabética.
17. FISIOPATOLOGÍA DE LA PROTEINURIA
DEL SÍNDROME NEFRÓTICO
• Fenómeno fisiopatológico central: aumento de la
permeabilidad glomerular y la consiguiente pérdida de
proteínas por la orina.
• El resto de las alteraciones son consecuencia directa de esta
proteinuria masiva.
18. • Pared capilar glomerular normal, compuesta por células endoteliales,
membrana basal glomerular y células epiteliales viscerales, Son una
barrera por tamaño y por carga eléctrica al paso de proteínas de
tamaño superior a 70 kd.
• Entonces la proteinuria puede producirse por: un trastorno
electroquímico o bien por una alteración estructural de la membrana de
filtración que condicione un aumento del tamaño de los poros de la
misma.
19. • Poros: modulan paso de proteínas de distintos tamaños
• Posiblemente aumentados en el daño glomerular
• =Proteinuria
• Estos poros disminuirían con fármacos antiproteinúricos como
los inhidores de la enzima conversora de angiotensina (IECA).
20. • Pequeñas modificaciones en las propiedades de permeabilidad
de la pared glomerular producen importantes pérdidas de:
• Proteínas de peso molecular intermedio: albúmina, igg,
transferrina, ceruloplasmina y glucoproteína α1 -ácida.
• Proteínas de tamañosuperior como: hdl
• Las proteinas de elevado peso molecular no se pierden incluso
en grandes alteraciones.
21. CONSECUENCIAS DEL
SÍNDROME NEFROTICO
• Hipoproteinemia:
• Hipoalbuminemia
• Edema
• Hiperlipemia: hipercolesterolemia la mas implicada.
