This document provides information about MD. Shaifullar Rabbi's professional experience and qualifications, as well as an overview of IATA's geography and traffic conference areas. IATA has divided the world into three traffic conference areas (TC1, TC2, TC3) for standardizing fares. TC1 includes North America, Central America, the Caribbean, and South America. TC2 includes Europe, Africa, and parts of Asia west of Iran. TC3 includes the rest of Asia, Australia, New Zealand, and the Pacific islands. IATA geography is important for airlines to understand countries, destinations, climates, and properly plan and price air travel.
The document defines various IATA global indicators that describe air travel routes between different geographic areas. The indicators include:
AP - Routes between areas 2 and 3 via the Atlantic and Pacific oceans.
AT - Routes between areas 1 and 2/3 via the Atlantic, excluding South America.
EH - Routes between areas 2 and 3 via the Eastern Hemisphere, excluding certain other routes.
FE - Routes between Europe/Ukraine and area 3 with nonstop service to area 3, excluding Japan/Korea.
This document provides information about air routing and journey concepts. It defines one-way, round-trip, circle-trip, and round-the-world journeys. It also describes routing types including travel within and between different areas, and provides examples of global indicators used to identify routings crossing different oceans or hemispheres.
This document outlines the IATA traffic conference areas and subareas. It describes:
- Area 1 (North and South America), Area 2 (Europe, Africa, Middle East), and Area 3 (Asia, Australia, Pacific Islands)
- The subareas and countries within each area
- Basic routing types within and between areas, such as travel within Area 1 (WH) or between Area 1 and Area 2 via the Atlantic (AT)
- Joint traffic conference areas between two or more areas, providing examples of global indicators used for different routing combinations
The price to be paid by an aircraft passenger for a particular journey.
When checking availability, each booking code represents a different cabin class or fare type. On all flights a variety of fares are offered. Highest fares which are flexible are normal fares. Those which are lower and less flexible are special fares.
This document discusses how to calculate special IATA fares and deal with their restrictions. There are different types of special fares like excursion fares and advance purchase fares, with varying restrictions. To determine the applicable fare, analyze the itinerary against the restrictions in the fare rules, starting with the lowest fare. Restrictions include number of stopovers, minimum and maximum trip durations. Once the applicable fare is found, note the fare basis and establish the valid travel windows. Finally, explain the fare rules to the client and issue the ticket.
The document discusses several principles related to mileage for passenger fares:
1) Maximum Permitted Mileage (MPM) is the maximum distance a passenger can travel between an origin and destination, usually 120% of the shortest operated mileage.
2) Ticketed Point Mileage (TPM) is the actual mileage used to construct a particular itinerary, which can be greater than, less than, or equal to the MPM.
3) Extra Mileage Allowance (EMA) is a mileage deduction or bonus that is subtracted from the TPM as a permitted grace allowance for traveling via certain cities.
This document provides information about MD. Shaifullar Rabbi's professional experience and qualifications, as well as an overview of IATA's geography and traffic conference areas. IATA has divided the world into three traffic conference areas (TC1, TC2, TC3) for standardizing fares. TC1 includes North America, Central America, the Caribbean, and South America. TC2 includes Europe, Africa, and parts of Asia west of Iran. TC3 includes the rest of Asia, Australia, New Zealand, and the Pacific islands. IATA geography is important for airlines to understand countries, destinations, climates, and properly plan and price air travel.
The document defines various IATA global indicators that describe air travel routes between different geographic areas. The indicators include:
AP - Routes between areas 2 and 3 via the Atlantic and Pacific oceans.
AT - Routes between areas 1 and 2/3 via the Atlantic, excluding South America.
EH - Routes between areas 2 and 3 via the Eastern Hemisphere, excluding certain other routes.
FE - Routes between Europe/Ukraine and area 3 with nonstop service to area 3, excluding Japan/Korea.
This document provides information about air routing and journey concepts. It defines one-way, round-trip, circle-trip, and round-the-world journeys. It also describes routing types including travel within and between different areas, and provides examples of global indicators used to identify routings crossing different oceans or hemispheres.
This document outlines the IATA traffic conference areas and subareas. It describes:
- Area 1 (North and South America), Area 2 (Europe, Africa, Middle East), and Area 3 (Asia, Australia, Pacific Islands)
- The subareas and countries within each area
- Basic routing types within and between areas, such as travel within Area 1 (WH) or between Area 1 and Area 2 via the Atlantic (AT)
- Joint traffic conference areas between two or more areas, providing examples of global indicators used for different routing combinations
The price to be paid by an aircraft passenger for a particular journey.
When checking availability, each booking code represents a different cabin class or fare type. On all flights a variety of fares are offered. Highest fares which are flexible are normal fares. Those which are lower and less flexible are special fares.
This document discusses how to calculate special IATA fares and deal with their restrictions. There are different types of special fares like excursion fares and advance purchase fares, with varying restrictions. To determine the applicable fare, analyze the itinerary against the restrictions in the fare rules, starting with the lowest fare. Restrictions include number of stopovers, minimum and maximum trip durations. Once the applicable fare is found, note the fare basis and establish the valid travel windows. Finally, explain the fare rules to the client and issue the ticket.
The document discusses several principles related to mileage for passenger fares:
1) Maximum Permitted Mileage (MPM) is the maximum distance a passenger can travel between an origin and destination, usually 120% of the shortest operated mileage.
2) Ticketed Point Mileage (TPM) is the actual mileage used to construct a particular itinerary, which can be greater than, less than, or equal to the MPM.
3) Extra Mileage Allowance (EMA) is a mileage deduction or bonus that is subtracted from the TPM as a permitted grace allowance for traveling via certain cities.
This document provides a historical overview of the development of tourism from ancient times to the present day. It traces the key social, cultural, economic and technological changes that have facilitated and motivated travel over the centuries. Some of the major developments highlighted include the establishment of infrastructure like roads and hospitality in ancient Rome and Greece; the growth of leisure travel in the 18th century associated with spas and seaside resorts; the rise of mass tourism in the 19th-20th centuries linked to industrialization, urbanization, and new modes of transport like railways and steamships; and more recent factors such as globalization, low-cost air travel, and advances in technology.
The document discusses the role of transportation in tourism and its development. It notes that globalization and technological advances have reduced distances and increased interconnectedness, driving growth in international travel and tourism. Transportation is crucial to the tourism industry as it connects origins and destinations and without it, most tourism would not exist. The document then examines different modes of transportation used in tourism, factors influencing tourist transportation options, and how transportation is critical to the development and competitiveness of tourist destinations.
Transport plays a vital role in tourism development by providing access between tourist generating markets and destinations. The document discusses the evolution of transportation over time from ancient to modern means such as horse carriages, boats, motor cars, railways, buses, and airways. Key developments in the transportation sector are highlighted such as the first airplane, steamship, and mass excursions led by Thomas Cook. Regulations and standards governing international air travel are also summarized, including the Warsaw Convention, Chicago Convention, bilateral agreements, IATA, and developments in India's transportation history.
The document provides an overview of basic passenger tariff training. It begins with an introduction to traffic conference areas and global indicators. It then covers different types of routings and fares like one-way, round-trip, open-jaw and circle trips. Factors influencing fares like intermediate stops, routing, mileage principles and indicators are explained. The document outlines the step-by-step process for basic fare construction for one-way, return and circle trips including examples. It describes checks like higher rated intermediate points, backhaul minimum and circle trip minimum. The training concludes with exercises for trainees to practice fare construction.
This document outlines the skills and knowledge required to construct international airfare itineraries. It includes 8 elements:
1) Constructing mixed class fares and airfares incorporating add-ons
2) Preparing international pre-paid ticket advices
3) Constructing round-the-world, round trip, and open jaw itineraries
4) Applying the pricing unit concept to fares
5) Maintaining client files
It provides details on how to identify client needs, ensure fare construction complies with requirements, and calculate accurate costs. The document also lists chapters that will be covered, including an introduction to the Amadeus fare system.
This document discusses various aspects of fare calculations according to IATA rules, including:
- The components of a basic fare calculation
- An example fare calculation for a one-way ticket from AUH to JED
- Rules for spacing and identifying alphas and numerics
- Additional elements like equivalent fare paid, intermediate points, surface sectors, and use of the neutral unit of construction.
This document discusses international sales indicators and prepaid ticket advice. It provides information on different types of international sales indicators like SITI, SOTO, SITO, and SOTI which indicate where a ticket was sold and issued in relation to the starting point of travel. It also describes what a prepaid ticket advice is, which allows someone to purchase a ticket in one city that can then be picked up by the traveler in another city. The benefits of prepaid ticket advice for travel agents and customers are outlined as well.
The document discusses the nature of tourism as an industry. It defines key concepts such as travel, tourism, domestic tourism, and international tourism. International tourist arrivals grew by 5% in 2013, reaching over 1 billion arrivals. France, the United States, and Spain were the top three tourist destinations. The United States, Spain, and France had the highest international tourism receipts. China spent the most on international tourism expenditures. The document also discusses tourist destinations, attractions, facilities and services, and classifications of tourists.
The document defines several common terms used in air travel, including commercial flight, red-eye flight, and flight attendants. It describes the differences between military and civil aviation as well as domestic, international, non-stop, direct, and connecting flights. It also discusses various flight itineraries like one-way, open-jaw, round trip, and circle flights. Finally, it outlines classes of service on flights like first class, business class, and economy class as well as how seats are assigned.
This document discusses different modes of tourist transportation in India. It outlines road, water, rail, and air transport systems and their roles in facilitating tourism. Road transport plays a vital role in connecting remote areas and is relatively cheaper. Water transport, while oldest, still has relevance for environmental and economic reasons. Rail transport operates the fourth largest network globally and offers luxury tourist trains. Air transport is primarily for passenger transport and its expansion is crucial for tourism growth given India's large size and diversity. Faster and more efficient transportation is essential for increasing domestic and international tourism by linking attractions and accommodating time-limited tourists.
The document provides information about various codes and displays used in airline reservations and ticketing on the Amadeus system. It includes:
1) The ICAO phonetic alphabet adopted for aviation use to avoid confusion with similar sounding letters and numbers.
2) Codes used in Amadeus to represent locations, companies, equipment, and other entities with unique identifiers. These include codes for cities, airports, countries, airlines, aircraft types, and more.
3) The different types of displays in Amadeus including availability displays, schedule displays, and timetable displays and how to request each type of display.
Important Travel Requirements (Travel Agency & Tour Operations)Md Shaifullar Rabbi
The document provides information about important travel documents required for travel, including:
1. A passport is the primary travel document required that also serves as proof of nationality. Other documents like national identity cards or driver's licenses may serve as travel documents in some cases.
2. Other required documents include tickets, valid visas for the destination country if required, travel insurance, and proof of accommodation and funds. Additional documents may be needed for children or infants.
3. The document outlines the types of visas available for Bangladesh including tourist visas, business visas, student visas and more. It provides the requirements and documents needed for each visa type.
4. Travel insurance and compensation funds are also
Travel documents such as passports and visas are required for international travel. Passports provide proof of a traveler's identity and nationality, and come in different types for different purposes. Visas allow entry into a foreign country for a temporary period. Travel agents assist travelers with obtaining the necessary documents by liaising with passport offices, foreign consulates, and other authorities. Insurance and adherence to baggage and customs rules further facilitate safe and legal travel.
Amadeus is an IT solutions company that provides solutions to the travel and tourism industry. It offers distribution and content, sales and e-commerce, business management, and consulting services. Nearly 75,000 travel agencies and over 11,000 airline sales offices use Amadeus systems to run their businesses. Amadeus books flights on nearly 500 airlines and makes reservations at hotels, car rentals, cruises, and tours. It has over 75 local and regional offices worldwide. Amadeus provides a central reservations system and software used widely in the global travel industry.
The document discusses concepts related to costing in the travel and tourism industry. It describes how full costing includes all fixed and variable costs to compute the total cost per unit of output. It then outlines the various components that make up the costs of a tour, including hotels, meals, transportation, guides and other miscellaneous expenses. Finally, it discusses how travel agents calculate pricing by adding a markup to the total costs.
The document provides an overview of cruise tourism, including the history and growth of cruising. It discusses the various cruise destinations around the world, types of cruises, cruise ships, and major cruise lines. Specific regions covered include the Mediterranean, with ports in countries like Greece, Italy, Spain, and Turkey. Different types of cruises are defined, such as ocean voyages, river cruises, day cruises, and specialty cruises. Ship sizes are described based on passenger capacity and tonnage. Anatomy of modern cruise ships and some of the largest operators, including Royal Caribbean, Carnival, and Costa, are also summarized.
The document discusses the airline transport industry and provides an overview of key concepts. It describes two main classifications within the industry: civil aviation, which includes airlines, airports, and passenger services, and civil aerospace, which involves aircraft manufacturing. The document also outlines major regulatory bodies like IATA and ICAO and provides examples of airline codes. Finally, it profiles the largest airlines in the Philippines and discusses the results of the 2013 World Airline Awards.
This document discusses different types of tour operations including travel agencies, online travel agencies, tour operators, destination marketing organizations, and other organizations. It describes travel agencies as intermediaries between suppliers and travelers. Online travel agencies allow users to choose trip components based on price. Tour operators package and sell all or most trip components. Types of tour operators include inbound, outbound, domestic, ground, and receptive operators.
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
This document provides a historical overview of the development of tourism from ancient times to the present day. It traces the key social, cultural, economic and technological changes that have facilitated and motivated travel over the centuries. Some of the major developments highlighted include the establishment of infrastructure like roads and hospitality in ancient Rome and Greece; the growth of leisure travel in the 18th century associated with spas and seaside resorts; the rise of mass tourism in the 19th-20th centuries linked to industrialization, urbanization, and new modes of transport like railways and steamships; and more recent factors such as globalization, low-cost air travel, and advances in technology.
The document discusses the role of transportation in tourism and its development. It notes that globalization and technological advances have reduced distances and increased interconnectedness, driving growth in international travel and tourism. Transportation is crucial to the tourism industry as it connects origins and destinations and without it, most tourism would not exist. The document then examines different modes of transportation used in tourism, factors influencing tourist transportation options, and how transportation is critical to the development and competitiveness of tourist destinations.
Transport plays a vital role in tourism development by providing access between tourist generating markets and destinations. The document discusses the evolution of transportation over time from ancient to modern means such as horse carriages, boats, motor cars, railways, buses, and airways. Key developments in the transportation sector are highlighted such as the first airplane, steamship, and mass excursions led by Thomas Cook. Regulations and standards governing international air travel are also summarized, including the Warsaw Convention, Chicago Convention, bilateral agreements, IATA, and developments in India's transportation history.
The document provides an overview of basic passenger tariff training. It begins with an introduction to traffic conference areas and global indicators. It then covers different types of routings and fares like one-way, round-trip, open-jaw and circle trips. Factors influencing fares like intermediate stops, routing, mileage principles and indicators are explained. The document outlines the step-by-step process for basic fare construction for one-way, return and circle trips including examples. It describes checks like higher rated intermediate points, backhaul minimum and circle trip minimum. The training concludes with exercises for trainees to practice fare construction.
This document outlines the skills and knowledge required to construct international airfare itineraries. It includes 8 elements:
1) Constructing mixed class fares and airfares incorporating add-ons
2) Preparing international pre-paid ticket advices
3) Constructing round-the-world, round trip, and open jaw itineraries
4) Applying the pricing unit concept to fares
5) Maintaining client files
It provides details on how to identify client needs, ensure fare construction complies with requirements, and calculate accurate costs. The document also lists chapters that will be covered, including an introduction to the Amadeus fare system.
This document discusses various aspects of fare calculations according to IATA rules, including:
- The components of a basic fare calculation
- An example fare calculation for a one-way ticket from AUH to JED
- Rules for spacing and identifying alphas and numerics
- Additional elements like equivalent fare paid, intermediate points, surface sectors, and use of the neutral unit of construction.
This document discusses international sales indicators and prepaid ticket advice. It provides information on different types of international sales indicators like SITI, SOTO, SITO, and SOTI which indicate where a ticket was sold and issued in relation to the starting point of travel. It also describes what a prepaid ticket advice is, which allows someone to purchase a ticket in one city that can then be picked up by the traveler in another city. The benefits of prepaid ticket advice for travel agents and customers are outlined as well.
The document discusses the nature of tourism as an industry. It defines key concepts such as travel, tourism, domestic tourism, and international tourism. International tourist arrivals grew by 5% in 2013, reaching over 1 billion arrivals. France, the United States, and Spain were the top three tourist destinations. The United States, Spain, and France had the highest international tourism receipts. China spent the most on international tourism expenditures. The document also discusses tourist destinations, attractions, facilities and services, and classifications of tourists.
The document defines several common terms used in air travel, including commercial flight, red-eye flight, and flight attendants. It describes the differences between military and civil aviation as well as domestic, international, non-stop, direct, and connecting flights. It also discusses various flight itineraries like one-way, open-jaw, round trip, and circle flights. Finally, it outlines classes of service on flights like first class, business class, and economy class as well as how seats are assigned.
This document discusses different modes of tourist transportation in India. It outlines road, water, rail, and air transport systems and their roles in facilitating tourism. Road transport plays a vital role in connecting remote areas and is relatively cheaper. Water transport, while oldest, still has relevance for environmental and economic reasons. Rail transport operates the fourth largest network globally and offers luxury tourist trains. Air transport is primarily for passenger transport and its expansion is crucial for tourism growth given India's large size and diversity. Faster and more efficient transportation is essential for increasing domestic and international tourism by linking attractions and accommodating time-limited tourists.
The document provides information about various codes and displays used in airline reservations and ticketing on the Amadeus system. It includes:
1) The ICAO phonetic alphabet adopted for aviation use to avoid confusion with similar sounding letters and numbers.
2) Codes used in Amadeus to represent locations, companies, equipment, and other entities with unique identifiers. These include codes for cities, airports, countries, airlines, aircraft types, and more.
3) The different types of displays in Amadeus including availability displays, schedule displays, and timetable displays and how to request each type of display.
Important Travel Requirements (Travel Agency & Tour Operations)Md Shaifullar Rabbi
The document provides information about important travel documents required for travel, including:
1. A passport is the primary travel document required that also serves as proof of nationality. Other documents like national identity cards or driver's licenses may serve as travel documents in some cases.
2. Other required documents include tickets, valid visas for the destination country if required, travel insurance, and proof of accommodation and funds. Additional documents may be needed for children or infants.
3. The document outlines the types of visas available for Bangladesh including tourist visas, business visas, student visas and more. It provides the requirements and documents needed for each visa type.
4. Travel insurance and compensation funds are also
Travel documents such as passports and visas are required for international travel. Passports provide proof of a traveler's identity and nationality, and come in different types for different purposes. Visas allow entry into a foreign country for a temporary period. Travel agents assist travelers with obtaining the necessary documents by liaising with passport offices, foreign consulates, and other authorities. Insurance and adherence to baggage and customs rules further facilitate safe and legal travel.
Amadeus is an IT solutions company that provides solutions to the travel and tourism industry. It offers distribution and content, sales and e-commerce, business management, and consulting services. Nearly 75,000 travel agencies and over 11,000 airline sales offices use Amadeus systems to run their businesses. Amadeus books flights on nearly 500 airlines and makes reservations at hotels, car rentals, cruises, and tours. It has over 75 local and regional offices worldwide. Amadeus provides a central reservations system and software used widely in the global travel industry.
The document discusses concepts related to costing in the travel and tourism industry. It describes how full costing includes all fixed and variable costs to compute the total cost per unit of output. It then outlines the various components that make up the costs of a tour, including hotels, meals, transportation, guides and other miscellaneous expenses. Finally, it discusses how travel agents calculate pricing by adding a markup to the total costs.
The document provides an overview of cruise tourism, including the history and growth of cruising. It discusses the various cruise destinations around the world, types of cruises, cruise ships, and major cruise lines. Specific regions covered include the Mediterranean, with ports in countries like Greece, Italy, Spain, and Turkey. Different types of cruises are defined, such as ocean voyages, river cruises, day cruises, and specialty cruises. Ship sizes are described based on passenger capacity and tonnage. Anatomy of modern cruise ships and some of the largest operators, including Royal Caribbean, Carnival, and Costa, are also summarized.
The document discusses the airline transport industry and provides an overview of key concepts. It describes two main classifications within the industry: civil aviation, which includes airlines, airports, and passenger services, and civil aerospace, which involves aircraft manufacturing. The document also outlines major regulatory bodies like IATA and ICAO and provides examples of airline codes. Finally, it profiles the largest airlines in the Philippines and discusses the results of the 2013 World Airline Awards.
This document discusses different types of tour operations including travel agencies, online travel agencies, tour operators, destination marketing organizations, and other organizations. It describes travel agencies as intermediaries between suppliers and travelers. Online travel agencies allow users to choose trip components based on price. Tour operators package and sell all or most trip components. Types of tour operators include inbound, outbound, domestic, ground, and receptive operators.
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docxadhitya5119
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleCeline George
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
हिंदी वर्णमाला पीपीटी, hindi alphabet PPT presentation, hindi varnamala PPT, Hindi Varnamala pdf, हिंदी स्वर, हिंदी व्यंजन, sikhiye hindi varnmala, dr. mulla adam ali, hindi language and literature, hindi alphabet with drawing, hindi alphabet pdf, hindi varnamala for childrens, hindi language, hindi varnamala practice for kids, https://www.drmullaadamali.com
2. • A two-letter indicator used in FARE CONSTRUCTION.
• Fare construction depends on
Class of
service
Routing of
flight
Peak or
lean season
Time of
flight
Type of
carrier
5. S No. AREA GI DESCRIPTION EXAMPLE
1 TC1 WH Western Hemisphere also refers to
travel wholly within Area 1
YTO-LIM
2 TC2 EH Eastern Hemisphere also refers to travel
wholly within Area 2
MAD-DXB
3 TC3 EH Eastern Hemisphere also refers to travel
wholly within Area 3
BOM-OSA
GI as per AREAS
6. AREA GI VIA
1)TC12 AT Via Atlantic Ocean
2)TC123
Via Area 2 or the Atlantic Ocean (but not SA nor PA)
3)TC1(2)3 Travel b/w TC1 & TC3
4)TC123
GI between the areas
8. 2) TC123
TC1 TC2ATLANTIC
OCEAN
• Travel b/w TC1 & TC3
• Via TC2
• Via Atlantic Ocean
Eg: YTO- LON-HKG
PER-AUH-YVR
TC3
*Except South
Atlantic Sub
Area
9. 3) TC123
ATLANTIC
OCEAN
• Travel b/w TC1 & TC3
• TC1- USA/Canada & TC3- SASC
• Via Direct Service- Transatlantic
Eg: CHI-CMB
USA/Canada
Direct
Service
TC1 TC2 TC3
SASC
10. AREA GI VIA
TC31 PA Via Pacific But
1) Other PN
2) Not applicable for routings on non-stop services b/w
Canada/USA and South Asian Sub continent as this is AT
3) Other than b/w South West Pacific & South America via
both North America and North/Central Pacific
11. 1) TC1(3)2
PACIFIC
OCEAN
• Travel b/w TC1 & TC2
• Via Pacific Ocean
• Via T3
Eg: DXB-HKG-YTO
LAX-SEL-CPT
PA– TWO Cases
TC1
TC2
TC3
12. 2) TC31
PACIFIC
OCEAN
• Travel b/w TC3 & TC1
• Via Pacific Ocean
• NOT for routing PN
Eg: JKT-HKG-YVR
CHI-BJS
TC1 TC2 TC3
13. AREA GI VIA
TC23 PN
1) South West Pacific
2) South America
3) Trans Pacific routing via North America, but not travel via
North and central Pacific
15. AREA GI VIA
TC23 SA 1) Southeast Asia (SEA)
2) South Asian Sub-continent (SASC)
3) Korea
4) South Atlantic Area
5) Trans Atlantic travel
• Via direct services over Atlantic Ocean
• Only via points in Central Africa, South Africa or
Indian Ocean, Islands SEA, SASC and/or JAPKOR
20. AREA GI VIA
TC23 RU Via Russian route with a sector having non-
stop service b/w Russia in Europe and JAPKOR
but not via another country (Europe)
21. 1) TC23
TC2 TC3
Non Stop
Eg: LED-MOW-OSA
MOW-TYO-TYE
TC3
Russia in
Europe
*Other than
JAPKOR
RU– ONE Case
*Not via any other
country in Europe
JAPKOR
May have
*EXPECT
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Mangolia
Russia in Asia
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan
22. AREA GI VIA
TC23
Area 2 (except Russia)
TS Via trans-Siberian routing, other than
RU/FE/EH with a sector or flight coupon on
non-stop b/w Europe and JAPKOR
23. 1) TC23
TC2 TC3
Non Stop
Eg: DKR-PAR-OSA-AKL
MNL-TYO-IST
TC3
*EXCEPT-Russia
in Europe
*Other than
JAPKOR
TS– ONE Case
JAPKOR
May have
TC2 TC3
24. AREA GI VIA
Russia in Europe
and Ukraine
FE Via Far East route, with a non-stop sector
b/w Russia in Europe or Ukraine (other
than RU/TS/EH) and points in Area 3 other
than JAPKOR
25. 1) TC23
TC2 TC3
Non Stop
Eg: LED-BKK-OSA
SIN-IEV
TC3
Russia in
Europe/
Ukraine
JAPKOR
FE– ONE Case
*Other than
JAPKOR
May have