Poster presented at SAMS, May 2015.
AIM - To create a germplasm bank for 3 different populations of the giant kelp in the coast of Chile and assess its
viability after 5 years in suspended state.
Unveiling Hidden Treasures of Indigenous Cattle In Zambia Using MacrosatilltesMSIMUKO ELLISON
1. The study analyzed genetic diversity in three indigenous cattle breeds in Zambia (Angoni, Tonga, and Barotse) using 32 microsatellite markers.
2. Results showed moderate genetic diversity within breeds and low differentiation between breeds, indicating gene flow between populations.
3. Bayesian cluster analysis grouped the Tonga and Barotse breeds together, separating them from the Angoni breed, suggesting two genetic populations rather than three.
Differential white blood cell counts and survival in Ethiopian village chickens ILRI
Poster prepared by B. Arrowsmith, J. Bettridge, P. Wigley, M. Collins, K. Melese and R. Christley for the Annual Meeting of the Society of Veterinary Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Madrid, Spain, 20-22 March 2013.
This document discusses research on niche partitioning between three sympatric lineages of the sunflower maggot fly (Strauzia longipennis). The three lineages share the same host plant but maintain low gene flow. The researchers investigated whether differences in emergence times (allochronic isolation) lead to niche partitioning in oviposition location on the host plant. They observed the oviposition behavior of each lineage on sunflower plants and found that while the mean oviposition locations did not differ significantly between lineages, all three lineages preferentially laid eggs in the upper region of the plants. They concluded that differences in emergence times allow niche partitioning between the fly lineages through their separation in oviposition location on the growing host plant.
Brachiaria grass significantly increases livestock productivity in East Africa ILRI
Five improved varieties of Brachiaria grass were found to be adapted to drought and low fertility soils in Kenya and Rwanda, increasing milk production by 15-100% and meat production by over 50%. Methods to isolate, identify, and characterize endophytic fungi and bacteria from Brachiaria were developed, isolating over 700 fungi and 111 bacteria. While seed production of Brachiaria in Kenya and Rwanda has had little success so far, the varieties significantly increase livestock productivity in East Africa.
Genetic diversity of Brachiaria grass in East Africa as revealed by single se...ILRI
363 Brachiaria germplasm samples from Uganda, Ethiopia, and Tanzania were genotyped using 24 SSR markers. DNA was extracted from all samples and PCR reactions were performed. Genotyping results are available for some samples and data cleaning is underway. The study aims to understand the genetic diversity of Brachiaria germplasms from East Africa to inform Brachiaria improvement programs.
Heterosis, also known as hybrid vigor, is the increased size, vigor, and productivity seen in the hybrid offspring of two parent plants. It results from hybridizing genetically diverse parent plants and causes the hybrid offspring to exceed the traits of both parents. There are three main theories for the genetic basis of heterosis: the dominance hypothesis, which posits that dominant favorable alleles from both parents lead to increased vigor when combined; the overdominance hypothesis, where the heterozygous state of the hybrid leads to greater traits than either homozygous parent; and epistasis, where interactions between alleles at different loci contribute to heterosis. Heterosis is estimated by comparing the hybrid traits to the mid-parent value, the
Weinstock et al. (81 authors), Gillespie J.J., Cannone J.J., Gutell R.R., et al. (100 authors) (2006).
Insights into social insects from the genome of the honeybee Apis mellifera.
Nature, 443(7114):931-949.
Unveiling Hidden Treasures of Indigenous Cattle In Zambia Using MacrosatilltesMSIMUKO ELLISON
1. The study analyzed genetic diversity in three indigenous cattle breeds in Zambia (Angoni, Tonga, and Barotse) using 32 microsatellite markers.
2. Results showed moderate genetic diversity within breeds and low differentiation between breeds, indicating gene flow between populations.
3. Bayesian cluster analysis grouped the Tonga and Barotse breeds together, separating them from the Angoni breed, suggesting two genetic populations rather than three.
Differential white blood cell counts and survival in Ethiopian village chickens ILRI
Poster prepared by B. Arrowsmith, J. Bettridge, P. Wigley, M. Collins, K. Melese and R. Christley for the Annual Meeting of the Society of Veterinary Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Madrid, Spain, 20-22 March 2013.
This document discusses research on niche partitioning between three sympatric lineages of the sunflower maggot fly (Strauzia longipennis). The three lineages share the same host plant but maintain low gene flow. The researchers investigated whether differences in emergence times (allochronic isolation) lead to niche partitioning in oviposition location on the host plant. They observed the oviposition behavior of each lineage on sunflower plants and found that while the mean oviposition locations did not differ significantly between lineages, all three lineages preferentially laid eggs in the upper region of the plants. They concluded that differences in emergence times allow niche partitioning between the fly lineages through their separation in oviposition location on the growing host plant.
Brachiaria grass significantly increases livestock productivity in East Africa ILRI
Five improved varieties of Brachiaria grass were found to be adapted to drought and low fertility soils in Kenya and Rwanda, increasing milk production by 15-100% and meat production by over 50%. Methods to isolate, identify, and characterize endophytic fungi and bacteria from Brachiaria were developed, isolating over 700 fungi and 111 bacteria. While seed production of Brachiaria in Kenya and Rwanda has had little success so far, the varieties significantly increase livestock productivity in East Africa.
Genetic diversity of Brachiaria grass in East Africa as revealed by single se...ILRI
363 Brachiaria germplasm samples from Uganda, Ethiopia, and Tanzania were genotyped using 24 SSR markers. DNA was extracted from all samples and PCR reactions were performed. Genotyping results are available for some samples and data cleaning is underway. The study aims to understand the genetic diversity of Brachiaria germplasms from East Africa to inform Brachiaria improvement programs.
Heterosis, also known as hybrid vigor, is the increased size, vigor, and productivity seen in the hybrid offspring of two parent plants. It results from hybridizing genetically diverse parent plants and causes the hybrid offspring to exceed the traits of both parents. There are three main theories for the genetic basis of heterosis: the dominance hypothesis, which posits that dominant favorable alleles from both parents lead to increased vigor when combined; the overdominance hypothesis, where the heterozygous state of the hybrid leads to greater traits than either homozygous parent; and epistasis, where interactions between alleles at different loci contribute to heterosis. Heterosis is estimated by comparing the hybrid traits to the mid-parent value, the
Weinstock et al. (81 authors), Gillespie J.J., Cannone J.J., Gutell R.R., et al. (100 authors) (2006).
Insights into social insects from the genome of the honeybee Apis mellifera.
Nature, 443(7114):931-949.
This study investigated the prevalence of Toxoplasmosis in domestic animals in the Benadir region of Somalia. Blood samples were collected from 151 animals (camels, cattle, sheep, goats) and tested for Toxoplasma gondii antibodies using the Latex Agglutination Test. Overall, 24 of 151 animals (15.9%) tested positive. The highest rates of infection were found in sheep (34.5% of 29 tested) and goats (26.7% of 30 tested). Female animals also had a higher rate of infection (10.6% of 106) than males (5.3% of 45). This study provides new data on Toxoplasmosis in livestock in Somalia
Studies on the Phyllosoma Larva of the Indian Rock Lobster, Panulirus Homarus...ijtsrd
Attempts were made to develop a technique to rear the phyllosoma larvae of Panulirus homarus. The biological characters like fecundity, hatching percentage, larval morphological changes, feed inputs and moulting frequency till the fourth moult were studied. Morphometric and meristic characters of the larvae were also studied till the 42ndday. The larval output was directly proportional to the size of the gravid brood stock. Relationship between the duration of culture X and length of the larvae Y were shown by the relationships Y intercept = 0.5780 ± 0.1074 and X intercept = 0.7283 r2 = 0.8519 . There was significant p 0.0001 positive relationship between total length TL and carapace width CW of phyllosoma larvae. S. Lazarus | J. C. Nisha | R. Thangaraja "Studies on the Phyllosoma Larva of the Indian Rock Lobster, Panulirus Homarus Linnaeus, 1758" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-4 , June 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd31676.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/molecular-biology/31676/studies-on-the-phyllosoma-larva-of-the-indian-rock-lobster-panulirus-homarus-linnaeus-1758/s-lazarus
Effect of age and season on sperm morphology of friesland bulls at an artific...adhikarivet
This study investigated the effect of age and season on sperm morphology in 271 Friesland bulls at an artificial insemination center over 5 years. The results showed:
1) Bulls aged 36-48 months had the best sperm morphology, with over 70% normal sperm and lowest major defects.
2) Season affected sperm morphology, with the highest normal sperm in spring (84.4%) and lowest in summer (72.8%).
3) Both age and season significantly impacted the percentage of normal sperm and major defects like pyriforms. Younger bulls had more defects in winter while older bulls were worse in summer.
Production of macrocystis pyrifera laminariales phaeophyceae in northern chil...Ivan Vera Montenegro
1) Researchers in northern Chile experimented with cultivating the kelp Macrocystis pyrifera using two methods: direct cultivation of juvenile sporophytes attached directly to ropes in the sea, and indirect cultivation attaching juvenile sporophytes to ropes that were then tied to support lines in the sea.
2) Both cultivation methods resulted in kelp growth, with maximum frond lengths of up to 175 cm reached after 120-150 days at sea, but growth was lower in spring due to fouling. No significant differences were found between the direct and indirect methods.
3) The direct cultivation method is recommended for practical and productive reasons, as it avoids using additional support lines but results in similar k
This study determined the seroprevalence of brucellosis in small ruminants in and around Bahir Dar, Ethiopia from 2008-2009. A total of 500 serum samples from sheep and goats were tested using the Rose Bengal plate test and complement fixation test. The overall prevalence of brucellosis was 1.2% by the Rose Bengal plate test and 0.4% by the complement fixation test. All positive samples by complement fixation test were from adult female goats. While the prevalence was low, the study concluded that brucellosis exists in the area and positive animals should be eliminated to control spread of the disease in small ruminants.
This document describes an experiment on the induced breeding of Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (striped catfish) under hatchery conditions in Tamil Nadu, India. Researchers used synthetic hormones to induce spawning in mature brood fish and observed fertilization rates of 60-80%. They found the fertilized eggs increased slightly in diameter after fertilization and developed through early embryonic stages until the late C-cell stage in the hatchery. The timing and characteristics of different embryonic development stages are presented. The goal was to develop hatchery techniques for mass production of this species for aquaculture.
This study aimed to test whether MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry could be used to identify tick specimens down to the genus and species levels based on protein signatures. Leg pairs from fresh and ethanol-preserved ticks were analyzed using MALDI-TOF. Protein spectra allowed clear differentiation of ticks at the genus level. Spectra from ticks of the same genus, such as Amblyomma species, enabled identification down to the species level. The study demonstrates that MALDI-TOF is a rapid and effective method for identifying tick specimens, with implications for taxonomy, conservation, and disease research.
Morphological Characterization and Proximate Analysis of Three Edible Mushroo...Premier Publishers
The study examined the morphological and proximate compositions of three edible mushrooms including Termitomyces clypeatus R. Heim, Lentinus squarrosulus Mont. and Lentinus tigrinus (Bull.) Fr. in Plateau and Kogi States, Nigeria. The collection of the fruiting bodies was done at random during the rainy season (July to September). The fruiting bodies of the macrofungi at the point of collection were photographed on site and the important morphological features were recorded before collection and packaging. The moisture content, protein content, total carbohydrate, ash content, crude fiber and crude fat compositions of the edible mushrooms were determined. T. clypeatus mushroom had a significantly (p≤0.05) higher moisture content (91.67%) and lower crude protein content (2.5%), compared to L. tigrinus and L. squarrosulus. T. clypeatus mushroom had a significantly (p≤0.05) lower crude fiber (2.10%) and crude fat (2.27%) contents, compared to the significantly higher (p≤0.05) crude fiber and crude fat compositions of L. tigrinus and L. squarrosulus. The ash content and carbohydrate content of the mushrooms species ranged from 0.90% to 20.33% and 6.88% to 26.18% respectively. Based on the high nutritional value of the three edible mushrooms assessed, it can thus be inferred that the mushrooms are valuable diet assets.
Identification of fish species using dna barcode from visakhapatnam, east coa...RUSHINADHA KAKARA
This document describes a study that generated DNA barcodes from fish species collected at a fishing harbor in Visakhapatnam, India. DNA was extracted from tissue samples of 50 fish individuals and a 658 base pair region of the COI gene was amplified and sequenced. The sequences were analyzed using tools like ORF finder, BLAST, and multiple sequence alignment. A phylogenetic tree was constructed to investigate relationships between sequences. The goals were to create a reference barcode library for the region and investigate species identification and potential cryptic species. The study focused on analyzing barcodes of Tripletail fish, which previous work on barcoding this species is limited.
The document summarizes a study on seed dispersal by frugivorous bats in Guyana. The study found:
- 20 plant species were identified in bat fecal and stomach samples, with the most common being Ficus nymphaeifolia, Piper bartlingianum, Cecropia latiloba, and C. sciadophylla.
- Cecropia latiloba, an early successional plant species, was previously unknown to be dispersed by bats.
- Bats of the genera Artibeus and Carollia accounted for most sample collections, with Artibeus associated with dispersing Ficus and Cecropia, while Carollia dispersed Piper and Solanum
Identification of fish species using dna barcode from visakhapatnam, east coa...RUSHINADHA KAKARA
This document describes a study that generated DNA barcodes for fish species found at a fishing harbor in Visakhapatnam, India. DNA was extracted from tissue samples of 50 fish individuals representing different species. The cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) region of the mitochondrial DNA was amplified and sequenced. The resulting DNA barcodes were analyzed using bioinformatics tools including BLAST searches and multiple sequence alignments. A phylogenetic tree was constructed to examine relationships between species. One objective was to investigate potential misidentification of Tripletail fish and develop a reference barcode library for species identification in the study area.
This study investigated the seroprevalence of bluetongue virus in sheep and goats in Ethiopia. A total of 1420 serum samples were collected from sheep and goats in various areas and tested using c-ELISA. The overall seroprevalence was found to be 69.1% in sheep and 60.53% in goats. Seroprevalence varied between study areas, ranging from 14.5% to 91.43%. Higher seroprevalence was seen in adult animals compared to young animals, and in females compared to males. While there was no difference between local and crossbreed animals, seroprevalence was higher in sheep than goats. The study indicates that blu
This document summarizes the key characteristics of bryophytes, including mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. It describes their structures, life cycles, habitats, and classification. Bryophytes are small non-vascular plants that grow in moist shady places and require water to complete their life cycles. They differ from vascular plants in lacking true roots, vascular tissue and a cuticle. Their life cycles involve an alternation between haploid gametophyte and diploid sporophyte generations.
This document provides guidance on producing live food organisms for larviculture. It discusses selecting food that larvae can perceive, ingest and digest. Two natural food types are phytoplankton and zooplankton. Culturing phytoplankton involves maintaining, enriching and isolating unialgal cultures. Isolating single algal units uses a capillary pipette method. Zooplankton culturing focuses on Brachionus plicatilis, describing its taxonomy, morphology, food/feeding, and culture techniques like daily tank transfers.
This document provides a summary of how biotechnology has been applied in aquaculture and fisheries. It discusses four main areas: 1) genetic improvements and control of reproduction through hybridization, selective breeding, chromosome manipulation, and genetic engineering; 2) biosecurity and disease control using techniques like PCR; 3) environmental management and bioremediation; and 4) biodiversity conservation and fisheries management using molecular markers. While these biotechnology tools exist globally, the document notes they have hardly been applied programmatically in Africa to make a meaningful impact. It recommends immediate programs in genetic improvement, feed improvement, and disease control/biosecurity for Africa's aquaculture sector.
Masculinization protocol for Nile tilapia in Biofloc technology.pdfAbdul Nazar
This document presents a study that tested a masculinization protocol for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in a biofloc technology (BFT) system using 17-α-methyltestosterone in the diet. Different concentrations of the hormone (60-180 mg/kg) administered either five or eight times per day were compared. Water quality was similar between BFT and control tanks except for higher solids in BFT. Survival and uniformity were higher in BFT, and 60 mg/kg administered five times daily achieved over 94% masculinization in BFT.
This study analyzed genetic diversity and population structure of Plasmodium falciparum in 5 populations in the Brazilian Amazon region. Microsatellite markers were analyzed in 196 parasite isolates. There was significant multilocus linkage disequificance within populations, particularly those with fewer mixed infections. However, most isolates had unique multilocus genotypes, indicating genetic diversity. Genetic divergence between populations was substantial but did not correlate simply with geographical distance. The findings suggest distinct population structures and minimal gene flow between foci in the region.
How do fish respond to disturbances by recreational users Sara Barrento
This questionnaire is the result of Charlotte Brockington MSc. Charlotte's project aims to study how fish respond to disturbances by recreation activities such as boating, angling, swimming, cycling, and walking. If fish become habituated to the disturbances from recreational activities, they could then be at risk of predation due to their lack of avoidance behaviours. The information gathered from 230 questionnaires, experiment lab work and literature review will help inform river users management plans. This one year MSc was funded by the KESS2 project in collaboration with Canoe Wales, and Natural Resources Wales.
I collaborated with designers, software developers, and education developers to create not only this job aid but also user manuals and a web-based & desktop application designed to help fish farmers assess and improve the welfare of Lumpfish. You can scan the QR code to access the web-based application.
This study investigated the prevalence of Toxoplasmosis in domestic animals in the Benadir region of Somalia. Blood samples were collected from 151 animals (camels, cattle, sheep, goats) and tested for Toxoplasma gondii antibodies using the Latex Agglutination Test. Overall, 24 of 151 animals (15.9%) tested positive. The highest rates of infection were found in sheep (34.5% of 29 tested) and goats (26.7% of 30 tested). Female animals also had a higher rate of infection (10.6% of 106) than males (5.3% of 45). This study provides new data on Toxoplasmosis in livestock in Somalia
Studies on the Phyllosoma Larva of the Indian Rock Lobster, Panulirus Homarus...ijtsrd
Attempts were made to develop a technique to rear the phyllosoma larvae of Panulirus homarus. The biological characters like fecundity, hatching percentage, larval morphological changes, feed inputs and moulting frequency till the fourth moult were studied. Morphometric and meristic characters of the larvae were also studied till the 42ndday. The larval output was directly proportional to the size of the gravid brood stock. Relationship between the duration of culture X and length of the larvae Y were shown by the relationships Y intercept = 0.5780 ± 0.1074 and X intercept = 0.7283 r2 = 0.8519 . There was significant p 0.0001 positive relationship between total length TL and carapace width CW of phyllosoma larvae. S. Lazarus | J. C. Nisha | R. Thangaraja "Studies on the Phyllosoma Larva of the Indian Rock Lobster, Panulirus Homarus Linnaeus, 1758" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-4 , June 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd31676.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/molecular-biology/31676/studies-on-the-phyllosoma-larva-of-the-indian-rock-lobster-panulirus-homarus-linnaeus-1758/s-lazarus
Effect of age and season on sperm morphology of friesland bulls at an artific...adhikarivet
This study investigated the effect of age and season on sperm morphology in 271 Friesland bulls at an artificial insemination center over 5 years. The results showed:
1) Bulls aged 36-48 months had the best sperm morphology, with over 70% normal sperm and lowest major defects.
2) Season affected sperm morphology, with the highest normal sperm in spring (84.4%) and lowest in summer (72.8%).
3) Both age and season significantly impacted the percentage of normal sperm and major defects like pyriforms. Younger bulls had more defects in winter while older bulls were worse in summer.
Production of macrocystis pyrifera laminariales phaeophyceae in northern chil...Ivan Vera Montenegro
1) Researchers in northern Chile experimented with cultivating the kelp Macrocystis pyrifera using two methods: direct cultivation of juvenile sporophytes attached directly to ropes in the sea, and indirect cultivation attaching juvenile sporophytes to ropes that were then tied to support lines in the sea.
2) Both cultivation methods resulted in kelp growth, with maximum frond lengths of up to 175 cm reached after 120-150 days at sea, but growth was lower in spring due to fouling. No significant differences were found between the direct and indirect methods.
3) The direct cultivation method is recommended for practical and productive reasons, as it avoids using additional support lines but results in similar k
This study determined the seroprevalence of brucellosis in small ruminants in and around Bahir Dar, Ethiopia from 2008-2009. A total of 500 serum samples from sheep and goats were tested using the Rose Bengal plate test and complement fixation test. The overall prevalence of brucellosis was 1.2% by the Rose Bengal plate test and 0.4% by the complement fixation test. All positive samples by complement fixation test were from adult female goats. While the prevalence was low, the study concluded that brucellosis exists in the area and positive animals should be eliminated to control spread of the disease in small ruminants.
This document describes an experiment on the induced breeding of Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (striped catfish) under hatchery conditions in Tamil Nadu, India. Researchers used synthetic hormones to induce spawning in mature brood fish and observed fertilization rates of 60-80%. They found the fertilized eggs increased slightly in diameter after fertilization and developed through early embryonic stages until the late C-cell stage in the hatchery. The timing and characteristics of different embryonic development stages are presented. The goal was to develop hatchery techniques for mass production of this species for aquaculture.
This study aimed to test whether MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry could be used to identify tick specimens down to the genus and species levels based on protein signatures. Leg pairs from fresh and ethanol-preserved ticks were analyzed using MALDI-TOF. Protein spectra allowed clear differentiation of ticks at the genus level. Spectra from ticks of the same genus, such as Amblyomma species, enabled identification down to the species level. The study demonstrates that MALDI-TOF is a rapid and effective method for identifying tick specimens, with implications for taxonomy, conservation, and disease research.
Morphological Characterization and Proximate Analysis of Three Edible Mushroo...Premier Publishers
The study examined the morphological and proximate compositions of three edible mushrooms including Termitomyces clypeatus R. Heim, Lentinus squarrosulus Mont. and Lentinus tigrinus (Bull.) Fr. in Plateau and Kogi States, Nigeria. The collection of the fruiting bodies was done at random during the rainy season (July to September). The fruiting bodies of the macrofungi at the point of collection were photographed on site and the important morphological features were recorded before collection and packaging. The moisture content, protein content, total carbohydrate, ash content, crude fiber and crude fat compositions of the edible mushrooms were determined. T. clypeatus mushroom had a significantly (p≤0.05) higher moisture content (91.67%) and lower crude protein content (2.5%), compared to L. tigrinus and L. squarrosulus. T. clypeatus mushroom had a significantly (p≤0.05) lower crude fiber (2.10%) and crude fat (2.27%) contents, compared to the significantly higher (p≤0.05) crude fiber and crude fat compositions of L. tigrinus and L. squarrosulus. The ash content and carbohydrate content of the mushrooms species ranged from 0.90% to 20.33% and 6.88% to 26.18% respectively. Based on the high nutritional value of the three edible mushrooms assessed, it can thus be inferred that the mushrooms are valuable diet assets.
Identification of fish species using dna barcode from visakhapatnam, east coa...RUSHINADHA KAKARA
This document describes a study that generated DNA barcodes from fish species collected at a fishing harbor in Visakhapatnam, India. DNA was extracted from tissue samples of 50 fish individuals and a 658 base pair region of the COI gene was amplified and sequenced. The sequences were analyzed using tools like ORF finder, BLAST, and multiple sequence alignment. A phylogenetic tree was constructed to investigate relationships between sequences. The goals were to create a reference barcode library for the region and investigate species identification and potential cryptic species. The study focused on analyzing barcodes of Tripletail fish, which previous work on barcoding this species is limited.
The document summarizes a study on seed dispersal by frugivorous bats in Guyana. The study found:
- 20 plant species were identified in bat fecal and stomach samples, with the most common being Ficus nymphaeifolia, Piper bartlingianum, Cecropia latiloba, and C. sciadophylla.
- Cecropia latiloba, an early successional plant species, was previously unknown to be dispersed by bats.
- Bats of the genera Artibeus and Carollia accounted for most sample collections, with Artibeus associated with dispersing Ficus and Cecropia, while Carollia dispersed Piper and Solanum
Identification of fish species using dna barcode from visakhapatnam, east coa...RUSHINADHA KAKARA
This document describes a study that generated DNA barcodes for fish species found at a fishing harbor in Visakhapatnam, India. DNA was extracted from tissue samples of 50 fish individuals representing different species. The cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) region of the mitochondrial DNA was amplified and sequenced. The resulting DNA barcodes were analyzed using bioinformatics tools including BLAST searches and multiple sequence alignments. A phylogenetic tree was constructed to examine relationships between species. One objective was to investigate potential misidentification of Tripletail fish and develop a reference barcode library for species identification in the study area.
This study investigated the seroprevalence of bluetongue virus in sheep and goats in Ethiopia. A total of 1420 serum samples were collected from sheep and goats in various areas and tested using c-ELISA. The overall seroprevalence was found to be 69.1% in sheep and 60.53% in goats. Seroprevalence varied between study areas, ranging from 14.5% to 91.43%. Higher seroprevalence was seen in adult animals compared to young animals, and in females compared to males. While there was no difference between local and crossbreed animals, seroprevalence was higher in sheep than goats. The study indicates that blu
This document summarizes the key characteristics of bryophytes, including mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. It describes their structures, life cycles, habitats, and classification. Bryophytes are small non-vascular plants that grow in moist shady places and require water to complete their life cycles. They differ from vascular plants in lacking true roots, vascular tissue and a cuticle. Their life cycles involve an alternation between haploid gametophyte and diploid sporophyte generations.
This document provides guidance on producing live food organisms for larviculture. It discusses selecting food that larvae can perceive, ingest and digest. Two natural food types are phytoplankton and zooplankton. Culturing phytoplankton involves maintaining, enriching and isolating unialgal cultures. Isolating single algal units uses a capillary pipette method. Zooplankton culturing focuses on Brachionus plicatilis, describing its taxonomy, morphology, food/feeding, and culture techniques like daily tank transfers.
This document provides a summary of how biotechnology has been applied in aquaculture and fisheries. It discusses four main areas: 1) genetic improvements and control of reproduction through hybridization, selective breeding, chromosome manipulation, and genetic engineering; 2) biosecurity and disease control using techniques like PCR; 3) environmental management and bioremediation; and 4) biodiversity conservation and fisheries management using molecular markers. While these biotechnology tools exist globally, the document notes they have hardly been applied programmatically in Africa to make a meaningful impact. It recommends immediate programs in genetic improvement, feed improvement, and disease control/biosecurity for Africa's aquaculture sector.
Masculinization protocol for Nile tilapia in Biofloc technology.pdfAbdul Nazar
This document presents a study that tested a masculinization protocol for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in a biofloc technology (BFT) system using 17-α-methyltestosterone in the diet. Different concentrations of the hormone (60-180 mg/kg) administered either five or eight times per day were compared. Water quality was similar between BFT and control tanks except for higher solids in BFT. Survival and uniformity were higher in BFT, and 60 mg/kg administered five times daily achieved over 94% masculinization in BFT.
This study analyzed genetic diversity and population structure of Plasmodium falciparum in 5 populations in the Brazilian Amazon region. Microsatellite markers were analyzed in 196 parasite isolates. There was significant multilocus linkage disequificance within populations, particularly those with fewer mixed infections. However, most isolates had unique multilocus genotypes, indicating genetic diversity. Genetic divergence between populations was substantial but did not correlate simply with geographical distance. The findings suggest distinct population structures and minimal gene flow between foci in the region.
Similar to Giant Kelp: life in suspended dtate (20)
How do fish respond to disturbances by recreational users Sara Barrento
This questionnaire is the result of Charlotte Brockington MSc. Charlotte's project aims to study how fish respond to disturbances by recreation activities such as boating, angling, swimming, cycling, and walking. If fish become habituated to the disturbances from recreational activities, they could then be at risk of predation due to their lack of avoidance behaviours. The information gathered from 230 questionnaires, experiment lab work and literature review will help inform river users management plans. This one year MSc was funded by the KESS2 project in collaboration with Canoe Wales, and Natural Resources Wales.
I collaborated with designers, software developers, and education developers to create not only this job aid but also user manuals and a web-based & desktop application designed to help fish farmers assess and improve the welfare of Lumpfish. You can scan the QR code to access the web-based application.
My career portfolio documents my education, showcases my work and highlights my skills in communication, management and teaching. In addition to demonstrating my skills and abilities, it allows me to keep track of my own personal and professional development.
How to set up, run and evaluate a public engagement eventSara Barrento
This document provides guidance on how to plan and run a public engagement event by outlining key questions to consider in three main areas:
1. Identifying your audience - Who do you want to attend and what do they need? This involves finding stakeholders and understanding their needs.
2. Logistics - How will you bring people together? This requires determining communication channels, locations, and formats.
3. Evaluation - How will you measure the impact and success of the event? Metrics may include participant numbers, feedback, online engagement, and whether the goals were achieved.
This document outlines a marine biology course that takes advantage of research facilities and a boat to enhance student learning through hands-on experiences. The course involves 37 students divided into groups to conduct a fish feed trial and routine husbandry activities. Assessment includes a group report, individual scientific report, and exam. Students provide feedback on course aims, experiences, and the value of practical activities like fish necropsy and husbandry through an online questionnaire. The majority of students found the practicals helped link theory to practice and develop research and professional skills.
AquaTED: the power of digital stories in STEMSara Barrento
Swansea Academy of Learning and Teaching, SALT Conference 2019, What does learning and teaching look like through a future lens? 17th July 2019, Swansea University, UK. Barrento, S. 2019. AquaTED: the power of digital stories in STEM.
Application of Sensors in Precision Aquaculture - quality assessment reportSara Barrento
A total of 157 participants from 33 countries attended the webinar on the Application of Sensors in Precision Aquaculture (#aquasensors) on the 25th of May, 2021.
Application of Sensors in Precision Aquaculture: speakers presentations preci...Sara Barrento
A total of 157 participants from 33 countries attended the webinar on the Application of Sensors in Precision Aquaculture (#aquasensors) on the 25th of May, 2021.
Welcome to the Centre for Sustainable Aquatic ResearchSara Barrento
I created this presentation for the Swansea University LINC event, focusing on The Blue Economy. On the 21st of June 2021, Prof. Carlos Garcia de Leaniz gave this keynote. Swansea University: LINC is a collaborative network that enables private, public and third sector organisations to connect with each other and access resources & expertise to support growth. Through Swansea University: LINC, organizations can access talented graduates & students, world leading-research & development support, first-in-class facilities & equipment, professional training, and skills development.
Setting the stage on precision aquacultureSara Barrento
A total of 157 participants from 33 countries attended the webinar on the Application of Sensors in Precision Aquaculture (#aquasensors) on the 25th of May, 2021. This is the keynote to introduce the concept of precision aquaculture.
Precision Aquaculture and the Access2Sea prpjectSara Barrento
A total of 157 participants from 33 countries attended the webinar on the Application of Sensors in Precision Aquaculture (#aquasensors) on the 25th of May, 2021. I gave to talks, this is my second talk to introduce the Access2Sea project
This document outlines a project between SMARTAQUA and Ocean Matters to produce disease screened larval lumpfish from UK broodstock for the UK aquaculture market. The objective is to rear lumpfish larvae from broodstock caught in both south coast and Scottish waters. This will help reduce the UK salmon industry's dependence on lumpfish imports by contributing knowledge to produce sustainable larval lumpfish sourced from UK waters. The project involves knowledge transfer, gap analysis, larval rearing, weaning, research sampling, and market development activities. Outputs will include standard operating procedures, £1 million in private investment, disease screening of 7 pathogens, and a new product - disease screened native lumpfish larvae.
This document discusses a collaboration between SMARTAQUA and Aquatic Supplies Wales to re-home excess zebrafish produced for research purposes to the aquarium trade. Zebrafish are commonly used for biomedical research but breeding precise numbers for research often leads to surpluses. The collaboration explored transporting excess zebrafish from a research lab to Aquatic Supplies Wales, where they would be acclimated and fed before being made available for the aquarium trade. The goal is to more sustainably manage zebrafish populations in research and aquariums.
The document discusses testing the viability of using maggots as a fish food supplement to improve fish welfare. The SMARTAQUA team will collaborate with BioMonde, a wound care company that manufactures maggot therapy products, to compare the gut microbiome and behavior of fish fed different diets including a commercial diet, maggot supplement, brine shrimp supplement, and a combination supplement. The goal is to find a new supplement that can benefit fish health in captivity and contribute to BioMonde's product portfolio.
Second Symposium on Welfare in Aquaculture 2020: Operational Welfare Indicato...Sara Barrento
Swansea University in collaboration with the University of Crete hosted the Second Symposium on Welfare in Aquaculture on the 26th of November 2020. Over 260 participants attended this free webinar where six international speakers discussed the use of operational welfare indicators in farmed fish. This event is a follow up of the very successful "1st symposium on welfare in aquaculture - welfare indicators for novel species".
Poster created to disseminate: Industry grade RAS items to support Welsh Aquaculture production businesses.
The Centre for Sustainable Aquatic Research (CSAR) have several industry grade RAS items they wish to donate to further support the development of aquaculture production businesses in Wales. If your aquaculture production business is based in Wales and you would like to benefit some of the items described below, we would like to hear from you.
At the national levels, seaweedaquaculture licensing procedures
need to be simplified for greater cy and efficiency while the social acceptability of seaweed concessions should be promoted. Moreover, it is important for all stakeholders and the whole industry (from policy makers, local authorities, researchers to the production sectors) to have trained
personnel, thus requiring the development of training programmes in regional and/or national centres.
Based on a detailed analysis of current seaweed aquaculture practices, regulations, health benefits and consumer demands, these guidelines aim to foster sustainability and protection of the marine environment. These guidelines also include expert opinions and assessmentsfrom the academic, private
and associative sectors, based mainly in Europe, but also on other continents. With this wide scope and using a field-based and scientific approach, we have aimed to produce a robust prospective reference document to support policy-makers and the elaboration of future European regulations.
This document provides an introduction to seaweeds. It discusses that seaweed farming originated over 14,000 years ago in Southern Chile and now accounts for 96% of total seaweed production globally, having surpassed wild harvesting around 40 years ago. The document outlines the many uses of seaweeds, which include food, fertilizers, insulation, medicine and more. Key seaweed products include agar, alginate, and carrageenan. While most seaweed farming currently occurs in East Asia, the document discusses emerging seaweed industries in the West focused on kelp farming for potential uses in biofuels and integrated multi-trophic aquaculture.
Green Man Festival is an independent
music and arts festival held annually in
mid-August in the Brecon Beacons, Wales
since 2003.
It is the largest contemporary music and
arts festival in Wales and has been given
major event status by Welsh Government
due to the festival's positive impact and
wealth creation. Einsteins’s Garden is the first UK festival
science engagement and is now the
playground of some of the world's top
research organisations, including
Swansea University. AIMS: To disseminate SMARTAQUA and
research collaborations with Welsh
companies to a wider audience
2. To promote gender equality
3. To promote sustainability
Download the Latest OSHA 10 Answers PDF : oyetrade.comNarendra Jayas
Latest OSHA 10 Test Question and Answers PDF for Construction and General Industry Exam.
Download the full set of 390 MCQ type question and answers - https://www.oyetrade.com/OSHA-10-Answers-2021.php
To Help OSHA 10 trainees to pass their pre-test and post-test we have prepared set of 390 question and answers called OSHA 10 Answers in downloadable PDF format. The OSHA 10 Answers question bank is prepared by our in-house highly experienced safety professionals and trainers. The OSHA 10 Answers document consists of 390 MCQ type question and answers updated for year 2024 exams.
A Comprehensive Guide on Cable Location Services Detections Method, Tools, an...Aussie Hydro-Vac Services
Explore Aussie Hydrovac's comprehensive cable location services, employing advanced tools like ground-penetrating radar and robotic CCTV crawlers for precise detection. Also offering aerial surveying solutions. Contact for reliable service in Australia.
Monitor indicators of genetic diversity from space using Earth Observation dataSpatial Genetics
Genetic diversity within and among populations is essential for species persistence. While targets and indicators for genetic diversity are captured in the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, assessing genetic diversity across many species at national and regional scales remains challenging. Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) need accessible tools for reliable and efficient monitoring at relevant scales. Here, we describe how Earth Observation satellites (EO) make essential contributions to enable, accelerate, and improve genetic diversity monitoring and preservation. Specifically, we introduce a workflow integrating EO into existing genetic diversity monitoring strategies and present a set of examples where EO data is or can be integrated to improve assessment, monitoring, and conservation. We describe how available EO data can be integrated in innovative ways to support calculation of the genetic diversity indicators of the GBF monitoring framework and to inform management and monitoring decisions, especially in areas with limited research infrastructure or access. We also describe novel, integrative approaches to improve the indicators that can be implemented with the coming generation of EO data, and new capabilities that will provide unprecedented detail to characterize the changes to Earth’s surface and their implications for biodiversity, on a global scale.
Trichogramma spp. is an efficient egg parasitoids that potentially assist to manage the insect-pests from the field condition by parasiting the host eggs. To mass culture this egg parasitoids effectively, we need to culture another stored grain pest- Rice Meal Moth (Corcyra Cephalonica). After rearing this pest, the eggs of Corcyra will carry the potential Trichogramma spp., which is an Hymenopteran Wasp. The detailed Methodologies of rearing both Corcyra Cephalonica and Trichogramma spp. have described on this ppt.
(Q)SAR Assessment Framework: Guidance for Assessing (Q)SAR Models and Predict...hannahthabet
The webinar provided an overview of the new OECD (Q)SAR Assessment Framework for evaluating the scientific validity of (Q)SAR models, predictions, and results from multiple predictions. The QAF provides assessment elements for existing principles for evaluating models, as well as new principles for evaluating predictions and results. In addition to the principles, assessment elements, and guidance for evaluating each element, the QAF includes a checklist for reporting assessments.
This new Framework provides regulators with a consistent and transparent approach for reviewing the use of (Q)SAR predictions in a regulatory context and increases the confidence to accept alternative methods for evaluating chemical hazards. The OECD worked closely together with the Istituto Superiore di Sanità (Italy) and the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), supported by a variety of international experts to develop a checklist of criteria and guidance for evaluating each criterion. The aim of the QAF is to help establish confidence in the use of (Q)SARs in evaluating chemical safety, and was designed to be applicable irrespective of the modelling technique used to build the model, the predicted endpoint, and the intended regulatory purpose.
The webinar provided an overview of the project and presented the main aspects of the framework for assessing models and results based on individual or multiple predictions.
Republic of Ethiopia EPA (2003) Ambient Environment Standards for Ethiopia.pdf
Giant Kelp: life in suspended dtate
1. Macrocystis pyrifera life in suspended state
up to 54%
viable
2010
2011 2012
0
20
40
60
South
Centre
North
WHYAIM
To create a germplasm
bank for 3 different
populations of the giant
kelp in the coast of Chile
and assess its viability
after 5 years in
suspended state
Higher production demand
for abalone feed
Aquaculture management
Genetic stock of 3 different
populations from the
North, Centre and South
WHERE
HOW
Male and female
gametophytes were
collected from North,
Centre and South in 3
consecutive years and
stocked in controled
conditions (10°C; 2-4
μmol m-2
s-1
; in Provasoli)
2010
2011
2015
2012
Sample collection
dates.
All populations:
North, Centre and
South, were
collected in each
year and stocked
individually by
sex.
Viability check
based on
morphology and
pigments
Morphology and pigment criteria to assess viability. Top
left – freshly released gametophytes (sporulation
December 2014); Top right - Male gametophyte from
Choros, 2010 (viable); Bottom left - Female
gametophyte from Choros, 2010 showing lack of
pigmentation; Bottom right - Female gametophyte from
Puchilco, 2010; no pigments
23048
gametophytes
not related with stocking duration
depends on genetic population
50 % viable in the Centre
population
6 % viable in the South population,
2012
VIABILITY SO WHAT?
After5yearsinsuspendedstate
Unique bank in the world
Efficient method to preserve
gametophytes up to 5 years
Assessment after 5 years in
suspended state, with 50% viability
Stocking individuals by sex allows
future genetic improvement
Gametophytes can also be used for:
conservation purposes
population restocking
aquaculture management
toxicological research
gametogeneses studies
….
Seeking opportunity to develop a
joint program to develop an
international bank of different
species and populations worldwide.
Sara Barrento
Carolina Camus
Isabel Sousa Pinto
Alejandro H.
Buschmann
Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Porto, Portugal;
sarixbarrento@gmail.com
Consorcio BalBiofuels & CeBiB, Puerto Montt, Chile; Centro i~mar, Puerto Montt, Chile.
Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, CIIMAR, Porto, Portugal
Centro i~mar & CeBiB, Universidad de Los Lagos, Puerto Montt, Chile.
The first author acknowledges a pos doc fellowship of the
Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)
(Ref. SFRH/BPD/78211/2011, and AHB thanks the support
of Innova-Corfo and FB-0001