Germination Lab

Germination Lab
The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of water temperature and exposure on seed
germination. Germination is a process of when a seed begins to grow or develop into a seedling
from an angiosperm or gymnosperm. Majority of plants come from seeds and since there are many
different types of seeds, some have different times of germination. Sweet corn seeds, watermelon
seeds and green bean seeds were tested to see if seed germination is altered by long–term exposure
to water of different temperatures. Sweet corn seeds, watermelon seeds and green bean seeds were
placed into a 16–ounce labeled cup containing 5 seeds of each. About 8 ounces of purified water
was poured into each cup. The three cups were placed into different water temperatures: hot (85
degrees F), room temperature (60 degrees F), and cold ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A light bulb was used to create the hot temperature, one of the windows inside my house was used
to create the room temperature, and my refrigerator was used to create the cold temperature. The
seeds were in the various water temperatures for an hour each, every day for 14 days. The seeds
were dried in between. This study showed which of the tested seeds germinated the most in the
different water temperatures. The sweet corn germinated the most seeds in the room temperature
tests, while the watermelon seeds germinated the most in the hot water temperature. The sweet corn
germinated the most seeds again, in the cold–water temperature. The green bean seeds did not
germinate efficiently in the hot or cold–water temperatures. All three seed types germinated well at
the room temperature. Since light is also a factor that affects seed germination, the individual cups
were placed in three different lights: with a light bulb, near a window and with little light. Based on
the results of this study, the seeds that required sufficient amount of water temperature and light
were able to germinate the
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Two Point Discrimination Lab Report
Exercise 3: Two–point discrimination The two–point discrimination experiment explored how the
density of tactile receptors varies across the body. The experimenter utilized an unfolded metal
paper clip bent in a "U shape" and touched the two points of it to one of the areas tested (palm, back
of hand, fingertip, back of forearm, back). The subject looked away and noted whether she felt one
or two points of the paper clip. The experimenter continued to widen the distance between the two
ends of the paper clip until the subject perceived two distinct points of the paperclip on the body.
The subject perceived two points most easily on the fingertip (3mm) and less readily on the back
(16mm) (Table 1). Location Minimum distance to feel two points (mm) Palm 6 Back of Hand 15
Fingertip 3 Back of Forearm 12 Back 16 Table 1: Minimum distance for two–point ... Show more
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The temperature–sensing component of thermoreceptors are transient receptor potential proteins
(TRPs); varying isoforms open and depolarize the thermoreceptor in response to specific
temperature ranges. Thermoreceptors experience sensory adaptation, or decreased firing frequency
of action potentials, when exposed to a prolonged stimulus. The temperature sensitivity of the
receptor changes and thus a colder water bin would be necessary to elicit a perception of cold after
adaptation. When the subject placed both hands in the room temperature bin, the left hand that was
exposed to cold water perceived the room temperature bin as warm because the change in
temperature was strong enough to induce the desensitized thermoreceptors to fire increased rates of
action potentials. The right hand that was exposed to warm water experienced a perception of cold
as its desensitized thermoreceptors were resensitized and increased action potential frequency due to
the significant change in

Sulfate Crystalss Lab
In the experiment we concluded that room temperature had the longest duration and that the
hypothesis that the hot temperature water would last longer was terribly wrong. The hot temperature
water had the shortest time, and in all three trials it did not last longer that 3 and a half minutes. The
room temperature water had an average time of 13 minutes and 43 seconds and the cold temperature
water had an average temperature 13 minutes and 44 seconds. The cold temperature water had one
second longer duration than the room temperature this is because in the 3rd trial the cold
temperature water lasted over 15 minutes. Since there is no way to determine exactly when the light
stops glowing the times can vary and this affected the averages. The ... Show more content on
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The copper sulfate crystals could have been different sizes, even though we tried to keep them
relatively the same size during the experiment. Another thing that could have gone wrong with the
experiment is that there was inconsistent stirring during the trials with different temperature water,
which could have affected the duration of the luminols light. The biggest concern that happened
with the experiment was that the lights duration is guessed by the scientists doing the experiment,
there is no way to know that the solution is done glowing scientifically.
If the experiment was to be redone, it would be best if a few parts were changed. instead of doing
individual crystals you could do scoops of crystals, so that the size of the crystal wouldn't affect the
experiment and it would be a constant amount throughout the experiment and the different trails.
Another thing that could be altered would be that there could somehow be a consistent way to know
for sure when the luminol's light went out.
In a variation of the project you could try different amounts of copper sulfate crystals, probate
mixture, or luminol mixture on the same amount of water. Also you can change the amount of water
and use the same amount of copper sulfate crystals, probate mixture, or luminol mixture. To see the
effect on the duration of the luminols light you can try stirring for different amounts of time or at
different

Cole And Peter Quotes
When Cole and Peter came back from the island, they weren't able to follow their rituals. If I were in
their situation I would have tried staying in a quiet room in my house to clear out my mind, sit in a
bathtub with cold water for the pond, and listen to music for rolling the ancestor rock. The new
rituals that they tried were sitting in a freezer for soaking, carried bowling balls for the ancestor
rock, and sat at a park to become invisible.These rituals did work because Cole never went back to
jail and Peter didn't have ideas to commit suicide. For clearing out my mind and trying to become
invisible, I would have sat in my room where it is quiet. Cole and Peter use to sit in the park and
close their eyes to become invisible. One quote from the book is "Reaching the park, they picked a
comfortable patch of grass under a big Norway pine". I would have tried this ritual, because I
wouldn't want anybody watching what I am doing. I would have felt more comfortable with a place
where I know that I could actually try to become invisible and not get distracted easily. That is what
I would have tried. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
At the island Cole and Peter sat in a pond with really cold water for getting rid of their anger. Two
quotes from the book are "Here we don't have a pond anymore. Could we come and try sitting in
your freezer?" And "Long enough to clear our minds so we're not angry." I would have tried this
ritual, because I think that sitting in a freezer would actually be very cold ,and I would have not
even lasted a minute inside a freezer. Another reason why I would have sat inside of a bathtub with
cold water is because there would be no freezer noises, sometimes those types of noises gets
annoying, and then without those noises you could actually get rid of your anger more. That is what
would have done for a

Potato Enzyme Lab Report
With the desire of wanting to know how to increase the enzyme's activity rate, the experimenters
formulate a question that is which temperature will cause the potato enzyme to decompose the most
hydrogen peroxide? In order to find the answer to this inquiry, experimenters started the procedure
by preparing four different potato samples, where there were, hot, cold, room temperature, and
baked potato samples. Each sample was half of two Idaho potato, which was cut into fourths. Then,
each group of potatoes were examined when each section was submerged in 150 mL of hydrogen
peroxide in individual beakers. The results were recorded based on the physical appearances of each
reaction. Observing the data collected, the experimenters learned that the optimal temperature for
enzyme activity is room ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Third, the experimenters were not able to quantify the reaction based off measurements. Rankings
were used, but it does not properly describe how many bubbles appeared or how fast the bubbles
traveled to the surface. The experimenters initially wanted to measure how high the bubbles have
risen, but the layer of foam was too thin to properly measure, so they had to use the ranking system
instead. The final error was that the baked potato samples used had minorly lost their temperature
due to how the cold and hot samples were tested first. A loss in temperature might be the cause as to
why the baked potatoes ended up having an increase of enzyme activity when trials three and four
occurred. In addition to this experiment, a consideration for the future of this experiment would be
cut the potatoes into eighths instead of fourths, less hydrogen peroxide is needed. This way, the main
materials, potatoes and hydrogen peroxide, can be saved and less would be

What Does The Fire Symbolize Miss Havisham
The novel, Great Expectations by Charles Dickens, uses the symbolism of fire during the incident at
Miss Havisham's home. This symbolism represented many things, mainly Miss Havisham's
personality and her life.
Charles Dickens included this incident of the fire at Miss Havisham's house in his novel, Great
Expectations, to symbolize the personality of Miss Havisham. Although a fire should warm a room,
the fire in her house seems to keep the house cold. At first Pip notices that there are no fires there.
They are extinguished representing that the is no life there. The house, like Miss Havisham are
wasting away.
The fact that the fire keeps the rooms cold represents her personality. She is a cold and heartless
person who allows

The Effect Of Temperature On Catechol Oxidase
Abstract: The Effects of Temperature on Catechol Oxidase. Lania Ellis, 2014, 102 Student Center
Dr. San Marcos, TX 78666.
Temperature can affect the reaction of catechol oxidase by speeding up or slowing down the
reaction. I was able to see what happened to the absorbance after changing the temperature of the
catechol oxidase solution. I did this by heating and cooling the solutions to measure the absorbances
in hot, cold, warm, and room temperature. Then the data was compared to see how the temperature
effected the solution. The catechol oxidase solutions reacted best in room temperature (twenty–three
degrees Celsius) and the worst in the cold (zero degrees Celsius). I concluded that temperature really
does affect the way catechol oxidase reacts. Introduction: Starting out with some background
information, I know that enzymes are biological catalysts. The enzyme that I used for this
experiment was potato juice. Enzymes make reaction rates go faster. They lower activation energy,
making chemical reactions. Temperature has an effect on canola cultivars. The higher temperature
decreased stem diameter, but room temperature had thicker stems. So I believe the same will happen
for the catechol oxidase; the solution will react faster at room temperature. Other enzymes can also
have different effects such as the enzyme in cattle serum. The enzyme lost activity in room
temperature. With that being said room temperature can also be detrimental with specific enzymes.
Fungus also

Daphnia Thermotactic Reaction
The results of the study found that there was a significant difference in Daphnia's response when
exposed to a cold stimulus in the form of crushed ice, compared to room temperature water. Thus,
the null hypothesis was rejected and the alternate hypothesis was accepted. These findings could be
due to the fact that Daphnia magna are cold blooded and were trying to swim away from the ice
cubes that were attached to the bottom of the mesocosm opposite to the counting area. These results
support the idea that Daphnia experience a negative thermotactic reaction when exposed to colder
water compared to room temperature water.
When compared to a similar study, a similar conclusion was made. In a study conducted by
Gerristen, he studied if Daphnia would experience a positive or a negative thermotactic reaction
when exposed to a variety of different temperatures. Once the experiment was completed, Gerristen
was able to conclude that the Daphnia did indeed experience a negative thermotactic reaction and
swam away from the cold stimuli. He claimed that these results were due to the Daphnia's natural
instinct to seek warmer water (Gerristen 1982). ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
These findings were consistent with Gerristen's findings. In another experiment though, he placed a
hormone that is created by the Daphnia's natural predator to simulate that there was a predator in the
mesocosm. Glaholt determined that Daphnia would swim deeper into the cold water to avoid the
hormone of their predator (Glaholt et al. 2016). A future study can be conducted to allow a better
understanding of Daphnia, and how far they are willing to go to avoid

Lab Report: Can Gummy Bears Float?
Can Gummy Bears Float?
Question: Does different water temperatures affect whether or not gummy bear floats in water?
Purpose of the investigation: The purpose of this experiment is to test whether different
temperatures of water, being cold water, room temperature water, and hot water, affects whether or
not a gummy bear can float, or if the bear sinks. On a more scientific level, this experiment
determines if temperature affects density.
Hypothesis: If the gummy bear is in cold water, then the bear will float on the water, because the
density of the gummy bear will increase. When relating this experiment to a real life situation, ice in
the arctic and Antarctica floats on the water, this is because the atoms in the water are more closely
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This experiment did not work, for all four trials, the gummy bears stayed on the bottom of the cup
and did not float. Once the experiment was over, I decided to further test my hypothesis, I cut one
gummy bear into three equal sizes, I then put the smaller cut up gummy bear pieces into the cups.
This was not another experiment, rather just an observation. While the smaller gummy bear pieces
were in the three temperatures, I found that the gummy bear in the cold water actually did float. This
led me to research density and I found that the mass and volume of the liquid and the object depends
on whether or not something will

The Pros And Cons Of Shattuck Middle School
Shattuck middle school was made in 1928. It has way too many unsafe conditions. Shattuck doesn't
have anyway to regulate temperature. Also, the school needs a complete remodel. With these
students stories they will show how this school is falling apart and needs help. To show how
Shattuck is becoming an issue that warrants societies concern, these reporters have investigated
safety concerns, temperature regulation, and a remodel of the whole school.
Shattuck's Temperature Regulation
Shattuck Middle School –– At shattuck the classrooms are always very cold. The heaters don't work
well. One classroom, Rebecca Robillard's room, the students and her are always freezing. Most kids
have to out on a sweatshirt or jacket in the room or they will get ... Show more content on
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The school needs new heating and cooling elements. The school is around 100 years old and the
walls don't have any installation, they are just cinder blocks. The heaters in the school make the
rooms too hot and they can't be controlled on how hot they get. The school also doesn't have any air
conditioning. This makes the kids too uncomfortable to be able to work as well as they could. In a
survey asking students at shattuck; "How often do you travel between classrooms that are extremely
different temperatures?". It was recorded that 45% of students have a change in difference one to
two times per day. While 36% says three to four times and 13% say five or more classes. Sam lefler
says, "I love wearing sweatshirts anytime of the year and when it gets too hot either from the heaters
or in the summer I have to keep taking off and putting on my sweatshirt and the wastes my time to
get all of my work

How Does Lava Temperature Affects Viscosity And Velocity
Lava temperature impacts viscosity and velocity because a high lava temperature means that there is
lower viscosity and that there is a higher velocity. For Room group A in C period, the "lava" flowed
not too fast and not too slow. The average velocity for this group was 4.23 cm/second. The length of
the pancakes was either 12 cm or 13 cm and the time that it took to travel throughout the pancake
ranged from 2.09 seconds to 4.46 seconds. The syrup flowed faster than the Cold group's syrup did,
while it flowed slower than the Hot group's syrup did. Room A group's data was pretty good data
and there was not many mistakes that led to an outlier. The only way that the data was slightly
influenced was that someone dumped the cup and it spilled all ... Show more content on
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This happens because the room temperature syrup has more energy, causing the molecules to spread
apart. For the team hot average, the average was 7.15 cm/second. The range of data for averages was
1.7 cm/second to 15.79 cm/second. There are clearly some big differences between the former and
the latter. This happened because they are outliers. That data may have been messed up because the
syrup was taken off of the crockpot too early, cooling down the syrup making it have more viscosity
and a smaller velocity. Another way that these trials could have been messed up is if someone threw
the syrup at the plate when they were pouring it, and the speed of the pouring caused a very high
velocity. The hot syrup flowed faster than room and cold syrup because it had a lower viscosity. The
hot syrup had a lower viscosity because it had the highest energy out of the three temperatures,
causing the molecules to be more spread out. Gas, water, and silica also have an effect on the
viscosity of lava. Water makes the viscosity of the lava lower because it thins out the lava. Gas
makes the pressure increase in high viscosity magmas, while when the gas escapes the viscosity

Personal Narrative: Mommy And Grandma
When Mommy helped Sarah into her favorite pajamas – of course the denim blue flannel ones with
big, patched pockets, and put her to bed, she took her temperature. Sure enough, Sarah was running
a slight fever, so Mommy gave her a baby aspirin and children's cold medicine; and tucked a warm
hot water bottle wrapped in a thick towel beneath the covers at the foot of the bed to keep her feet
warm. As Sarah snuggled beneath the covers, she watched the first snowflakes of winter gently
floating down – collecting on the window ledge outside. And glancing over the back yard, toward
the bare trees, and bare rose bushes – she tried not to cry. As she lay there, the snow grew heavier
and fell faster, and soon the backyard was transformed into ... Show more content on
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She could hardly wait to see her house again – and her room. She could hardly wait to snuggle down
in her warm, cozy bed. And her garden, she could hardly wait to see her wonderful garden, even
though it would be covered with snow. And closing her eyes, Sarah tried to imagine her garden in
full bloom – just like it was spring. ∞ By the time Sarah got home, the snow had stopped falling.
Her grandparents were there and waiting in the doorway. Grandma had made hot cocoa, especially
for her, and was holding a big cup of it in her hands. Because Sarah was still a little weak and didn't
feel like being up just yet, Mommy carried her straight away to her room and tucked her into bed.
When Grandma followed with the cup of cocoa that had pastel colored Marsh– mallows on top
(which reminded Sarah of her pink and blue polka dot blouse) she took it and drank every drop!
Because Sarah was already tired from the long drive home, the warm cocoa made her even sleepier;
but just as she was about to drift off, Daddy and Grandpa came into the room and snuggled the
covers around her. Giving her a kiss on the cheek, Grandpa whispered, "If you can stay awake just a
little longer – we have a surprise for

Separation Of Different Types Of Heating Pad Temperature...
Materials
QUANTITY ITEM DESCRIPTION
1 Refrigerator
1 Closet with a door
9 Stirring spoons
9 (10–inch) Pieces of string
9 Beakers (must hold more than 250 ml)
2 tbsp. Rock salt
9 (medium–size) Paper clips
250 ml Heating pad temperature water
250 ml Refrigerator temperature water
250 ml Closet temperature water
1 Heating pad (11" by 14")
9 (5–inch) Pencils
Methods:
1. Pour 250ml of heating pad temperature water into 1 jar and place it on the
heating pad on high, for 10–15 minutes.
2. Put room temperature water into the second jar, and put it in the

closet for 10–15 minutes.
3. Pour refrigerator temperature water(cold) into the remaining
jar, and put it in the refrigerator for ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
5. When the water temperature is ready for all 3 jars, have 1 person go to a jar in the
areas they were placed (refrigerator, heating pad, and closet) and measure and put
2 tbs of rock salt into all 3 jars, with each person measuring at the same time.
6. In 3 days you will see the full growth of crystals.
Outline
Hypothesis
My belief was that the hot water would make the crystals grow quicker versus warm or cold water
temperature. But I did believe the warm would make them grow to, but the cold water would be to
cold for the crystals to grow
Thesis
The purpose of this experiment was to determine which temperature (hot, cold or room temperature)
affects the growth of crystals the most.
What are crystals?
Crystals are a piece of a solid substance with a natural shape or form with arranged plane faces. A
crystal is a group of molecules or atoms. Each of the crystals have a different shape. Like a sugar
crystal have an oblong, slanted end; and salt crystals have a cubic shape. Some substance will make
more than one form of crystals.
How crystals are

My Adulthood Memories And Memories Of A Childhood Home
Places are more than less often full of memories. Rooms have narratives that can be told through the
items and furniture they contain. These narratives are often overlooked and not thought about,
especially in places where one does not want to spend a particularly large amount of time. Rooms
speak, even though we often don't want to listen, or don't want to know. Basements are often like
this, full of broken thing and memories, knee–deep castaways, childhood toys and holiday lights.
The basement in my childhood home is this way, completely divided into then and now; simply,
entirely, depressing. This room is split into two distinct halves. The stairs are creaky and off–white,
stained grey and black from soda spills, muddy shoes, snow slush and dirty dog feet. Clumps of dog
hair sit in the corners of each step, wrapped up into dust balls. At the bottom, to the immediate left,
is where a playroom used to be. There are drawings and old bits of paper stuck up on the walls,
hinting as to what this space used to contain. Now, a large, professional–grade ping–pong table sits
in the middle of the room. Once loved, the table is now stacked high with towels and laundry. On
the wall parallel to the length of the table is a child's growth chart, drawn in Sharpie on the rigid
wall that ruined many a marker tip. Starting in June 2004 and ending in June of 2017, about 18 lines
with corresponding dates mark the growth of a child. On the adjacent wall, farthest from the

Pill Bug Lab Report
Result
The goal of our experiment was to determine the type of environment that pill bugs prefer. During
the experiment, the pill bugs went through three trials. The pill bugs were placed in different
environments, such as cold environment (ice), normal environment (room temperature), and hot
environment (heat) and their behavior was observed. In the first trial, all the four pill bugs were
moving in ice, room temperature, and hot environment. The average turning of bugs was 2.5 turning
in ice, 4 turning in room temperature, and 3 turning in the heat. The average round made by bugs
was 1.5 round in ice, 1 round in room temperature, and .5 round in heat. In the second trial, all four
bugs were moving in ice, room temperature, and heat. The average turning was 1 turning in ice, 2
turning in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The pill bugs were moving more in hot environment than cold temperature and room temperature.
The pill bugs made more turning in room temperature than cold and hot environment. The pill bugs
made more rounds in room temperature than cold and hot environment. The hypothesis was that pill
bugs will react more in moisture or humid environment that others. Based on our result, the
hypothesis will be rejected. The reason why the result was not accurate can be due to limitation or
errors during the experiment. The fact that the same pill bugs were used for the three trials can be
considered as an error because bugs might be tired after the first trial. In future the experiment,
different bugs should be used in each trial. Another error can be the condensation that occurred
during the heating process. A wet paper was placed in the Petri dish. During the heating process, the
water evaporated and since the petri dish was covered with led, the vapor is transformed to water,
however, pill bugs do not live in water. In the future experiment, the petri dish should be kept open
to avoid the

Water Bottle Experiment
Data Analysis In this experiment the question that was answered was "Does the brand of the water
bottle effect how long the temperature retains cold, hot, and room temperature?" The hypothesis
was, " If hot, cold, and room temperature are placed in three different water bottle brands, then the
Hydro Flask bottle will retain cold, hot, and room temperature for the longest amount of time." The
independent variable in the experiment was the brand of water bottles used in the experiment and
the dependent variable was the temperature of the water after the twelve hour time. Some of the
constant variables were the liquid that was used, the thermometer used, and the amount of time that
the water was sitting out or being checked. The control group was the room temperature test, while
the experimental group was the hot and cold water tests. The procedures in ... Show more content on
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The three water bottle brands were filled with room temperature water the twelve hours started.
After twelve hours each bottle was recorded. The Hydro Flask was 70.5°F, the Ozark Trail 70.0°F,
and the Yeti 70.1°F. Then the 2nd Trial began. The bottles were filled with hot water and the twelve
hours started. The temperatures were recorded and the Hydro Flask was the hottest at 99.9°F,
followed by the Ozark Trail at 98°F, and then the Yeti at 97.9°F. Finally trial three commenced after
pouring cold water into the bottles. The twelve hours passed and the temperatures recorded. The
Ozark Trail was the coldest at 18.9°F, followed by the Yeti around 19.4°F, and then the Hydro Flask
at 19.5°F. Depending on the test, this experiment had both positive and negative trends. During the
control test the water's temperature first increased, then decreased and during the hot water test the
water's temperature decreased. Unexpectedly, the water in the bottles during the cold water test first
increased, but then eventually got colder than the starting

Photosynthesis Lab Report
Troy Spencer
December 5,2017
Introduction: During photosynthesis, plants use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into
high energy carbohydrates and oxygen. There are number amount of factors that affect the rate that
photosynthesis can occur, including temperature, light intensity, and light color. In the lab we had
designed an experiment to measure the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis.
Methods: In my group we all had decided to go with temperature, out of light intensity, and light
color. The materials that we had needed were, a beaker full of water, a test tube with a small cut
piece of a plant, and a heat source. (lamp) First we had to take the cut piece of plant, and place it
into the test tube. Then we had to fill it with water and place it into the beaker upside down so that
the test tube had been fully submerged. We had three tests that we had to evaluate. Factor 1: Hot
water bath. Factor 2: Cold water bath. Factor 3: Room temperature. First we had went with factor
one, the hot bath. We had placed the beaker that contained the plant and test tube, into a tote that
was filled with hot water, and had placed ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Photosynthesis is the time that is takes to create their food, using light energy, carbon dioxide, and
water. Which are all factors in the rate that it can occur. The data shows that photosynthesis does
work in better conditions that are the hot water bath. The heat, make photosynthesis happen faster,
and quicker. If you look at the graph, the blue means the amount of bubbles that were shown and
counted within the first three minutes, and the red showing the amount of bubbles that had been
counted and shown within the second three minutes. This data makes somewhat sense because the
enzymes do not work as well in high temperatures, this is despite the increased amount of carbon

A Context Dependent Memory Experiment Essay
The experiment is as follows; one hundred students, randomly selected, participated in a context
dependent memory experiment. twenty five were in each of the four following learn–recall
situations; hot room–hot room, hot room–cold room, cold room–cold room, cold room–hot room.
They were asked to spend thirty minutes learning a list of thirty words. The next day they were
asked to recall those words in a fifteen minute time period. There are no results.
Context–Dependent Memory in Environments with Hot and Cold Temperatures
Context–dependent memory is the concept that things are often best recalled in the same
environment that they were learned. Smith and Vela (2001) provide four hypotheses as to how
context–dependent memory works. They appear as follows; "reinstatement" is the idea that memory
is better when testing occurs in a reinstated environment as opposed to a different environment
(Smith & Vela, 2001) and this is true across all studies (Smith & Vela, 2001), "outshining" implies
that non contextual cues when used for guiding memory often diminish or eliminate the effects of
contextual cues (Smith & Vela, 2001), "Overshadowing" is the concept that "if one's incidental
environmental context is suppressed during learning, then environmental information will not be
encoded and stored in memory, thereby reducing or eliminating effects of experimenter–
manipulated environments on memory" (Smith & Vela, 2001), and finally "mental reinstatement"

Lab Report Lava Flow
Title: How Lava Flows
Background: Viscosity is a liquid's resistance to flow. For example water would have a low viscosity
while syrup has high. The higher temperature the lower viscosity and the lower temperature the
higher viscosity. Cold syrup will move slower than hot syrup because the molecules are more tightly
packed together while hots are very loose and free. Silica will cause the syrups viscosity to
increases, so the more silica it has the more the viscosity will increase. If water is added to syrup the
viscosity will decrease because water has a lower viscosity. Gas can easily escape lava that has a
low viscosity while lava with higher viscosities, gas pressure will build up and might lead to big
eruptions.
Pre–Lab Questions:
30 ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The lava flow was fast. An error was that the syrup was poured too fast and to much of it came out,
so it may have messed up the time. Viscosity is a liquid's resistance to flow. Velocity is the speed of
something in a given direction. The velocity for team cold was 2 cm/s. In the cold syrup the
molecules are tightly packed together. The viscosity of the is very high since it does not flow very
fast. Therefore it flowed the slowest. The velocity of the team rooms data was 3.7 cm/s. In the room
temperature syrup, the molecules are more loosely bonded. The viscosity of room temperature is
less than the colds. So it flowed a bit more faster then the colds. It flowed faster but not as fast as the
hots. The velocity for team hots data was 6.8 cm/s. In the hots syrup the molecules moved the most
freely and loose. This means since it was the hottest, it has the lowest viscosity so it was able to flow
the fastest out of all of the syrups.Silica affects viscosity because viscosity increases with more
silica content, more silica, more viscosity. Water can change the viscosity of lava. If water is added
the viscosity will decrease. Lava with low viscosity allows gas to escape easily while lava with a
higher viscosity gas pressure builds up and can lead to a huge

Kidnapped Character Analysis
Kidnapped, the first book in a two–part series by Robert Louis Stevenson, follows a recently
orphaned seventeen year old as he attempts both mentally and physically to survive the time after
his father's death. He first attempts to go to Ebenezer Balfour's home, and he is met by an uncle who
had a falling out with his father over his mother. His uncle gives him an old, destroyed room to stay
in with broken windows; he then tricks him to board Captain Hoseason's ship while in town
shopping so that he can sell David into slavery. Aboard the Covenant, David is treated poorly until
he becomes the new cabin boy for the ship. The ship wrecks onto the Isle of Earraid in Scotland; he
and Alan Stewart are the only survivors, but he does not realize this until happening upon a house on
an island nearby. They meet up and journey whilst encountering many problems along the way.
Eventually, David makes his way back to the town of Queensferry, his uncle's home. Throughout
Kidnapped, he is met with hostility and violent situations from place to place along his journey
whether his change in location is intentional or forced. Setting affects the emotional and physical
wellbeing of David Balfour in Kidnapped as shown through his response to his multiple changes in
environment, location, and caregivers. One way in which the settings affects David's mental and
physical health is by the different environments in which he is placed. David is faced with the
necessity of fighting for his own life

Dry Peas Lab Report
The two hypotheses tested during the experiment were the warmer the temperature, the more
oxygen will be consumed, and the germinated peas will consume more oxygen than the dry peas.
Some conditions that had to remain constant in this experiment were that each vial had to have the
same volume to let us know that the volume of the vial wouldn't affect the respiration rate. Had the
volumes been different, the respiration rate might have been affected. Another constant was the 7
minute equilibrium period before completely submerging the vials in the water. This allowed the
peas and the other substances in the vials to begin respiration before being completely submerged in
the water, but also, they would have the same time to carry out their ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Meanwhile, the peas did carry out cellular respiration. Thus by correcting the readings from the peas
with the readings from the beads, it would should the actual rate at which cellular respiration will
occur in peas through not allowing changes in outside conditions (i.e. atmospheric pressure) affect
the respiration rate. By correcting the readings, it will show the most accurate results under the
conditions of the lab without any changes affecting the

Mcdonald's Supply Chain Analysis
SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT OF McDONALD'S INDIA Company Introduction. McDonalds
is a fast food chain with restaurants all over the world. McDonalds is world's leading food service
retailer with more than 31,000 restaurants in 119 countries serving more than 50 million customers
each day. In India, McDonalds is a joint–venture company managed by two Indians. While Amit
Jatia, M.D. Hardcastle Restaurants Pvt.Ltd owns the spearheads McDonalds in west and south India,
McDonalds restaurants in north and east India are owned and managed by Vikram Bhakshi's
Connaught Plaza Restaurants Pvt.Ltd. Celebrating over 12 years of leadership in food ... Show more
Value–added services like shredding of lettuce, re–packing of promotional items continued since
then at the centres playing a vital role in maintaining the integrity of the products throughout the
entire 'cold chain'. The operations and accounting is totally transparent and is subject to regular
audits. McDonald's had worked aggressively to attain the right suppliers and systems that ensured
that 90 per cent of yield was indigenous before the doors were opened to consumers. The only
products that they used to import were oil and fries, for which they have had made arrangements to
manufacture the oil in India. They ensure that the products developed locally abide by global
McDonald's standards. Over the last 10 years, the company has gained experience and adopted
procedures that helped in maintaining a continuous supply of food products irrespective of the
climatic conditions. Their logistics and warehousing system is robust that prepares them to deliver
products at the same temperature throughout, without a single break in the cold chain. Key suppliers
for McDonald's India The relationship between McDonald's and its Indian suppliers is mutually
beneficial. As McDonald's expands in India, the supplier gets the opportunity to expand his
business, have access to the latest in food technology, exposure to advanced agricultural practices
and the ability

A Short Story : A Story?
Her glance had never been so pale. But so, what the poor fragile girl had just seen would have been
enough to stop an old man's heart.
In front of her laid a trail made out of her lover guts, while the rest of his was still on the marble
stone of the crypt, and they drew the shape of a figure she recognised, and that thousands of
kilometres away was portrayed in hundreds of flags, hanging at The Umber Castle. She didn't know
where to look, neither had she wanted to face anything at that moment, but as the heir of her family
legacy, she had to hold her fear and look forward, to put an example to her subdues. Full of the
meaning the figure represented, she headed to the cold body of Lord Piers second to his name,
whose eyes had also been removed but his body had been cleaned of any blood or dirty, like he had
never been alive.
She caught his hand, at the same time she let her eyelids fall and let a couple tears fall; and she
mumbled something only she and the dead could hear, something similar to a curse.
Should she have felt alone, as her betrothal had been murdered, her brothers been sent to the front of
war and his father laid on bead breathless, slowly awaiting for death to come pull him out of the
mortal life; nevertheless she did not bow to that feeling, not after the vision she had dreamt last
night.
She incorporated herself and walked towards the door:
–Ser Gérald, order the best of Father's men to prepare themselves, and I want 10 of our horses ready
to

Blood Pressure Lab Report
The purpose of this experiment is to test how how different water temperatures affect blood
pressure. The first step of the experiment's procedure was to create a baseline. We did this by taking
the normal blood pressure of the subject. We then submerged the subject's feet in three different
water temperatures; cold. room temperature, and warm. The experiment showed that cold water
increases blood pressure while warm water and room temperature water causes blood pressure to
decrease. In conclusion water temperature does have an effect on blood pressure.
Background:
Blood pressure is the pressure exerted by the blood on the artery's walls. Blood pressure readings are
written by putting a person's systolic pressure over diastolic pressure. Systolic pressure is the
pressure in the blood vessels when the heart is beating. Diastolic blood pressure is the pressure in
blood vessels when the heart is resting between beats. It is measured in the unit of millimeters of
mercury or mmHg. The normal blood pressure for an adult should average at about 120/80 mmHg.
Anything grammatically higher than that number is considered high blood pressure and anything
below is low blood pressure. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The cuff is wrapped around a person's arm and is inflated. The cuff applies pressure on the brachial
artery and cuts off circulation to the arm as it inflates. The systolic pressure is measured once blood
begins to flow into the arm again.
Hypothesis:
When feet are submerged in cold water they will cause blood pressure to rise and when feet are in
warm and room temperature water blood pressure will stay at normal levels.
Materials and

Personal Narrative Analysis
The life as musician
In my four years of my high school experience, I was not excited to go to school or even be at
school due to the long days, but at the end of the day, I was really excited to attend a place that felt a
lot like home which was the band room. Although it is not literally a home, to most of us, it felt like
home. Becoming a musician and cleaning instruments can be hard but it can be fun at the same time.
When someone who isn't familiar towards the band room enters the room, it can have a very strong
odor. The odor is as stinky socks in a gym locker. After entering the room people can get used to it
but not fully. Perfumes were overpowering the stinky sock smell; it was a very strong, rosy and
fruity smell to it and some colegenes

Why Do Students Wear Headgear At Francis Howell High School?
Close your eyes and picture it being the middle of August. Try to imagine yourself wearing your
favorite outfit...maybe a pair of shorts and a tank top or for the ladies maybe it's your favorite
sundress. One thing for sure, it's not your favorite joggers and hoodie...unless you are a student at
Francis Howell High School. Here, at FHHS, teachers are allowed to control the room temperatures
within 70–75 degrees (unless you are in Mr. Henley's room then you get 68–75 degrees). Some may
not think that is so bad, but when it is hot outside the last thing you want to do is walk until a room
where it is too hot, and just the opposite when you walk into a room where it is too cold. Teachers
are always telling students to wear more clothes or layer up, but the one thing students are not
allowed to cover their head. Students learn better when they are comfortable, which means
comfortable with the temperature setting in the classroom too. If that means being allowed to wear
headgear then the students at FHHS should be allowed ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Wedlock he said that there really is not a good reason why we can't wear hats. His main reasons was
it might be a "safety" and respect "issues". If someone comes in with a they have a hat covering ther
face and later in the day they do something bad the cameras can't see there face and we wouldn't
know who it was. This is not a valid point because times have changed and you don't take your hats
off when you enter a building for a seine of respected. So because times have change i think that
sum rules are made to be changed and that hates are more of an accessory.
All in all hats should be allowed in school not just for a fashion accessory, but for how cold it is in
school. We should be comfortable in are learning environment. I have had chats with many
principles on this topic and they had no argument. I feel that the rule should change because times
have changed and we can handle the responsibility of wearing a

Growing Up Of A Latino Household Essay
Growing up in a Latino household is hard. My parents only spoke Spanish therefore my first
language was Spanish. For the first few years of my life this was not really a problem, I enjoyed life
as any normal little girl would. I got to talk to all of my cousins and all of the neighbor's children. It
wasn't until I got to school that it became real that I was going to learn English. Don't get me wrong
I always knew I had to learn English my parents always talked to me about school and helped me as
much as they could. It was also around this same time where I started to understand that it was not
only hard for me it was hard for them as well. My parents had to live in this country not knowing the
main language spoken. For my parent's, language was and still is a constant struggle doing things
that seem easy to most people can be difficult for them. Things like ordering food at a fast food
restaurant and asking for help at the grocery store seem may easy for most people but can
sometimes be challenging for my parents. My brother and I try to help as much as we can by
translating. I found it extremely helpful since it helped me stay connected to both languages. Now it
is not as hard for my parents since they have picked up a lot of the language and there are different
recourses. There are still times when language barrios get in the way last year I was awoken in the
middle of the night by excruciating pain in my stomach and abdomen. My parents insisted to take
me to the

Bed Bug Research Paper
Bed bugs and their eggs are surprisingly resilient in spite of their small size, which means it takes
much more effort to rid your home of them than it does to get rid of other small pests. While
resilient, thankfully pest control companies have been mastering their bed bug removal techniques
over the years, and they have a couple of great techniques that work well against these tiny
intruders. There are also new remedies being researched that you may be able to look forward to in
the future in case the tiny bugs ever hitchhike their way back into your home on your clothing or a
new–to–you piece of used furniture. Read on to find out how to get rid of them now and some
interesting studies going on in the fight against bed bugs. Best Options to Remove Bed Bugs Now ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When dealing with the hearty bed bug, pest control companies must often combine several of their
enemies to rid your home of the resilient critters. The heat needed to make an impact on the eggs
must exceed 120–degrees F and the cold temperature needed to affect them must be below 0–
degrees F, although these temperatures must be held for hours or days to kill the bugs and eggs.
Even when subjected to these temperatures, some bed bugs and eggs simply will not die. However,
chemical only treatments alone, such as DIY bug bombs also fail. That is why a pesticide combined
with either extreme heat or extreme cold is the best option to give the bugs and eggs a double–
whammy that they are less likely to survive. Following these guidelines, pest control companies
offer the following

Chemical Reaction Investigation
Introduction:
A rate of reaction is how fast or slow a chemical reaction happens. In order for a chemical reaction
to occur it must have a great amount of energy and the particles in a chemical reaction must collide
frequently. There are a variety of factors which can affect the rate of a reaction, these include
temperature, surface area, concertation, agitation and a catalyst. One of the factors that we have
investigated above includes the measurement of the surface area between three Aspirin tablets. The
first tablet was kept whole, the second tablet was cut into four pieces and the last tablet was crushed
into fine powder. During this experiment my group had predicted that the crushed powder would
have a higher surface area therefore a faster ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This is because particles in the reaction will move faster gaining more energy causing more
collisions to occur. If a chemical reaction had a low temperature then the particles would move
slower and would less likely collide.
During this experiment, it was essential to have a hypothesis as it outlines your predictions and
guesses. My hypothesis was supported through both my data and research because I predicted that
the room temperature would have a faster reaction rate than the cold temperature. If my hypothesis
was rejected the data would be more accurate. My research would determine if my hypothesis or
data was accurate or not.
Not much problems occurred during the experiment as many things went smoothly. There are many
variables which need to be controlled these include the same amount of hydrochloric acid and
calcium carbonate when investigating the different temperatures and the same person measuring the
volume of gas throughout the entire experiment. Throughout all trials the beakers didn't contain the
same amount of water. Therefore not all variables were controlled. This problem could affect the
reading of data. In order for the results to be more accurate, the method should say a specific amount
of what the water in the beaker should be filled up to. This will ensure that the experiment is more

How does Charlotte Brounte Create Sympathy For Jane In...
How does Charlotte Brounte Create Sympathy For Jane In The First Two
Chapters Of The Novel?
Jane Eyre is a fictional autobiography which was written in 1848. It is about a young girl who is
abused and tortured by her aunt and cousins, (the people she lives with).
There are many ways that Charlotte Brounte creates sympathy for Jane in the first two chapters.
However the four main ways are: the setting, the language used, the structure of the chapters and
finally the social content.
In the first chapter, the setting is in a room where Jane is reading a book. The writer uses pathetic
fallacy in this chapter to describe the weather as well as how Jane is feeling. 'Chilly afternoons'
describes the weather which was then ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However in the second chapter, the setting changes from cold and damp to more of a gothic setting
which is quite frightening. It is in this chapter, where Jane is locked into the Red Room. The reader
would feel more sympathy for Jane at this point because the Red Room symbolises death and scares
Jane a lot, (which is shown by her resistance to going into it). In the Red Room a gothic and
mysterious feeling is presented to the reader. This is shown in the colours described in the Red
Room such as 'red', 'crimson', 'pink' etc. All of these colours give Jane a dark feeling and represent
death and blood to her, as she already knows that her uncle's death had occurred in that room. The
atmosphere, that is created in that room is quiet and gives Jane the feeling of being lonely. This
creates sympathy as
Jane has no one and is alone. The Red Room overall creates darkness as the colours of the furniture
are 'darkly polished' and the blinds on the windows are 'always drawn down'. This adds and
emphasises the effect it has on Jane because she becomes more frightened.
Another way in which sympathy is created for Jane is through the language used to describe Jane
herself. Jane uses a lot of sarcasm when she describes her aunt and cousins. She uses words such as
'mama' and 'darlings' whenever she speaks about them. This creates
sympathy

Essay about My Mother’s Dining Room
My favorite place in my mother's house is the dining room. Every year, my mother's house is
chosen, by all of our family members, to host the holiday dinners and parties because of how elegant
her dining room is. As you walk thru the long narrow hallway on your way to the dining room, you
see huge pictures of family members hung on both sides of the smooth colorful wall. It seems like
you're walking forever, then you finally reach the door of the infamous dining room.
You're first greeted by the tall, wide, almond color and trimmed in gold door.
The door knob is always cold to touch like you're touching a block of ice. When you walk into the
door the room is so cold, it feels like you're standing outside in a snow storm, in ... Show more
It looks as if it's the same size as a football field. . As you step in, you immediately sink a couple of
inches because of how plush the caramel colored carpet is. The long glamorous chandler hangs from
the high vaulted ceilings. Immediately to your left is a marble sink, with silver pull out fixtures and
deep sink bowls. On the sink there is an automatic soap dispenser on the right and an automatic
hand dryer on the left. Both made of sterling silver. The burnt orange and brown colors on the wall
are so bright, it looks like the sun is shinning directly above the room. The walls are covered with
many paintings. Some of famous artists that color the walls are Vincent van Gogh, Claude Monet,
and Pablo Picasso. Many of the others are from unknown starving artist. To the far right of the room
there is a solid wood bar hutch that looks as tall as an oak tree. Any drink that you can think of, is
there in that bar.
The center of the room is what draws your attention. It leaves your mouth open in amazement. The
long rectangle table is made of strong mahogany solid wood, trimmed in a thin layer of gold. The
top of the table is filled with brownish marble. The long back and tall legged chairs are also made of
mahogany wood. The cushion on the chairs are soft like down alternative pillows. The square crystal
clear dinner plate, trimmed in platinum, sit in front of the 30 chairs that surround the table. A fresh
mixed green centerpiece is in the center of the

Isolde, Cold And Bleeding In Camelot's Throne Room
Isolde, cold and bleeding in Camelot's Throne Room, lay dying in her lover, Tristan's, arms.
She and Tristan had been smugglers, so do die by the sword had always been a possibility, but, as
she discovered, staring into the face of death was far more frightening than considering it might
happen one day. And now, with blood draining from her abdominal wound, soaking Tristan's
trousers, she understood she would meet death in heartbeats. But how many? Two? Twenty?
Beneath Isolde, Tristan trembled, and she decided this was the worst part of dying unexpectedly, that
she could not comfort him and would never speak the words she longed to say, that final, loving
goodbye he so deserved.
They met four years ago when she had fled from her home in

Short Writing : A Short Story
John Logan breathed a stream of hot air into his cupped hands, hoping to warm them up against the
cold mid–morning air. From his mouth poured a waterfall of steam, visible and telling of the
temperature. If there was anything that John Logan hated more than having to deal with a homicide
is doing it on a cold, winters morning.
Standing on the front lawn, John scanned the area and his eyes fell upon the bedroom window. Even
against the glare of the sun, he could see something strange, something that was not right at all. His
heart began to hammer in his chest, and he found himself wanting to go back to his warm office.
As one of only two homicide detectives, John didn't have a lot on his plate as far as work went.
Milwaukee, Wisconsin was not the most innocent of places, but its lack of murderous tendencies left
him a lot of time to file reports and assist on other cases.
As he made his way towards the house, John can tell that something different is afoot. He hated that
feeling because it forced a blanket of cold hard realization to settle over him. He took a steadying
breath and made his way into the house.
As he stopped outside of the room where the crime took place, he took a pair of latex gloves and a
thin, white coverall. He tentatively opened the door and looked down on the body of a young
woman.
Mentally, John began to make notes.
John could instantly see several injuries on the woman's body, but somehow, he just knew that none
of them were the cause of death.

Glow Sticks Experiment Results
Data Analysis The question that was resolved by this experiment was, "does different temperatures
affect how long the illuminating process in glow sticks lasts?" In this experiment the hypothesis
was, if the temperature is cold (5 degrees Celsius), then the glow time of the glow sticks lasting will
increase because the molecules are moving slowly and the cold water is dragging out the reaction
time making it last an extensive amount of time. The independent variable was the temperature of
the water in the glass cup while the dependent variable was how long the sticks glowed. Some
controlled variables included 235 milliliters of water in each glass, the brand of glow stick used
which was glow play, and the color of the glow sticks which was pink. The controlled group was the
glow stick in the room temperature water, and the experimental group was the different water
temperatures. During this experiment make sure to crack the glow sticks and shake it well before
putting it in the cup. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
One minute in all the trials the hot temperature glow stick gleamed the brightest and the cold and
room temperature glow stick glowed about the same. After about four hours the glow stick in hot
water went out of light. The room temperature glow stick lasted around seven to eight hours, and the
cold water glow stick lasted about ten hours. The range of how long the glow sticks lasted came
about six hours and thirty–one minutes. The hypothesis was supported by the data and was accepted.
In the hypothesis it stated that the glow stick in the cold water would last the longest and according
to the data it did. The pattern that was observed in all three trials was that the glow stick in hot water
beamd brightest but lasted the least. Also in the room temperature water it lasted the second longest,
and the cold water stayed the same brightness the whole experiment until toward the end of its life
and it lasted the

Worm Lab Report Essay
Our organism is an ectotherm
Our organism burrows underground to regain body temperature.
Our organism is an R strategist, in summer season the worm population grows and in winter season
the worm population dies. In summer the worm lives, but then when the season of winter the worm
dies.
Our organism's energy requirements are chemical is leaves and they absorb oxygen by their skin.
Our organism is near the bottom of the food chain. Produces
Get hot, room temperature, and cold temperature of water.
Get worms and put 1 in each of the test tubes in the different temperatures of water.
Put a little device thingy in each test tube.
Then, record the CO2 in each test tube that's made from the worms.
Finally, record data and make a conclusion.
Purpose: We want to see if putting a worm or organism in different temperature will change the rate
of CO2. We predict cold will make the process slow down. Hot will speed it up, and with room ...
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Our room temperature water we tested for cellular respiration was normal, because when normal it
makes the same amount of CO2 it does all the time and on the graph the room temperature is color
blue. The hot temperature water is the highest and fastest in the graph and it makes more cellular
respiration.
Hypotheses– Our hypothesis stated "If we put a worm in cold temperature it will make less CO2, if
we put a worm in hot water, then it will do more CO2 and if we put a worm in room temperature it
will make normal CO2." Our hypothesis was correct, because the hot did the most cellular
respiration, the room did make normal amount of cellular respiration, and the cold did make the
least amount of cellular

Lab Experiment On The Effect Of Temperature On Enzymes
Title: Effects of Temperature on Enzymes
Problem/Purpose: How does temperature affect the rate of enzyme activity on its substrate?
Hypothesis: If the temperature increases, then rate of the chemical reaction will increase as well, and
if the temperature decreases, then the rate of reaction will also decrease.
Data:
There were three test tubes in which the experiment was held. A relatively equal sized portion of raw
potato (this contained the enzyme [a biological catalyst] hydrogen peroxidase) was placed in each
tube. Then, enough water to cover the potato was added. Proceeding this, each of the test tubes were
assigned a temperature; cold, room temperature or warm (this was written on the tag so that they
were not confused). The test tube destinated 'cold' was placed in a ice bath for five minutes. At the
same time, the 'hot' test tube was placed in a hot water bath for five minutes. Meanwhile, the room
temperature test tube sat at room temperature for five minutes. When the five minutes were over, the
test tubes were returned to the rack (so that they were able to be observed). Then, the test tubes were
allowed to sit at room temperature for five more minutes. Once that period of time was over, 2 ml of
hydrogen peroxide (the substrate) was added to each tube.
Once this step was completed, a timer was started and observations were made. Using the timer,
how long cellular respiration (this was noted by the appearance of gas in the tube) took to start was
noted. Noted

Germination Lab

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