Germany is a major economic power in Europe and is one of the richest countries on the continent. Its capital and largest city is Berlin, and the official language is German. Germany has a varied landscape and climate, from coastal regions to forests, and is known for its castles, cathedrals, and historic cities like Berlin, Hamburg, Munich, and Cologne. German culture is reflected in its cuisine like sausages, breads, and cakes, as well as influential figures from Einstein to Beethoven. Germany played a pivotal role in World War 2 under Hitler's Nazi regime, with dark events like the Holocaust and concentration camps.