Looking at the investment per effective MW, geothermal energy is a very attractive investment.
In terms of investment per MW-peak, geothermal energy seems not to be especially attractive. However, utilization must also be considered. Taking utilization into account, geothermal energy is a very attractive investment.
Finally, the period after economic life makes geothermal energy really attractive.
More than 85% of the world’s current energy needs depend on the fossil fuels. As the population of India is increasing day by day the demand for energy is also increasing exponentially. Due to the limited resources, India has to import fossil fuels which directly affect our economy. It also affects our climate by causing pollution to a great extent by producing green house gases. So due to the above factors it is necessary to ponder over the ways to implement non-renewable energies. It is in this context two emerging renewable energy resources: Biodiesel and Geothermal energy were studied and the more efficient energy resource was selected based on economic and environmental aspects.
INTRODUCTION TO GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
SOURCES OF GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
ROLE OF THERMODYNAMICS IN GEOTHERMAL POWER-PLANT
TYPES OF GEOTHERMAL POWER-PLANTS AND THEIR WORKING
DIRECT USE OF GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
With a new combination of existing technologies, we believe it is possible to create a renewable energy source –ultra deep EGS (Enhanced Geothermal Systems)– which is cheaper than coal.
The principle is simple: a higher temperature results in a better electricity conversion efficiency. So there is a double effect: a better conversion efficiency and the amount of available energy is higher. This double effect is stronger than the related cost of ultra deep drilling. Simple calculations demonstrate that ‘deeper is cheaper’.
Introduction
History of geothermal energy
Geothermal Reservoirs
Uses of Geothermal Energy
Types of geothermal power plants
Pro and Cons
Cost, price and challenges
Geothermal Energy in world and srilanka
Conclusion
Geothermal energy is one of the potential alternative energy sources catering to both
industrial and domestic energy requirements in many parts of the world. Presently, it is
being used as a source for producing electricity mainly along active plate boundaries.
Energy Conversion Technology 2 - Binary power plant presentationRiccardo Pagotto
Presentazione in lingua inglese di un tema a scelta fra un elenco di temi assegnati.
Argomento: "Optimal design of Binary Cycle Power Plants for water-dominated, medium temperature geothermal fields"
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY, INFO ABOUT GEOTHERMAL ENERGY, HISTORY OF GEOTHERMAL ENERGY, SOURCES OF G.E., EXPLORATION, POWER PLANTS, DRY STEAM, FLASH STEAM, BINARY ETC., THERMAL EFFICIENCY OF POWER PLANT, COST ESTIMATION, USE OF GEOTHERMAL ENERGY, POTENTIAL SITES IN INDIA, RESEARCH CENTERS, ADVANTAGES, FUTURE SCOPE,EXAMPLE.
Keynote presentation at GEORG Geothermal Workshop, Nov. 24, 2016ThinkGeoEnergy
This is a keynote presentation, I gave at the GEORG Geothermal Workshop in Reykjavik/ Iceland on November 24, 2016. It was held as part of my role as President of the International Geothermal Association with data from my activities at ThinkGeoEnergy.
More than 85% of the world’s current energy needs depend on the fossil fuels. As the population of India is increasing day by day the demand for energy is also increasing exponentially. Due to the limited resources, India has to import fossil fuels which directly affect our economy. It also affects our climate by causing pollution to a great extent by producing green house gases. So due to the above factors it is necessary to ponder over the ways to implement non-renewable energies. It is in this context two emerging renewable energy resources: Biodiesel and Geothermal energy were studied and the more efficient energy resource was selected based on economic and environmental aspects.
INTRODUCTION TO GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
SOURCES OF GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
ROLE OF THERMODYNAMICS IN GEOTHERMAL POWER-PLANT
TYPES OF GEOTHERMAL POWER-PLANTS AND THEIR WORKING
DIRECT USE OF GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
With a new combination of existing technologies, we believe it is possible to create a renewable energy source –ultra deep EGS (Enhanced Geothermal Systems)– which is cheaper than coal.
The principle is simple: a higher temperature results in a better electricity conversion efficiency. So there is a double effect: a better conversion efficiency and the amount of available energy is higher. This double effect is stronger than the related cost of ultra deep drilling. Simple calculations demonstrate that ‘deeper is cheaper’.
Introduction
History of geothermal energy
Geothermal Reservoirs
Uses of Geothermal Energy
Types of geothermal power plants
Pro and Cons
Cost, price and challenges
Geothermal Energy in world and srilanka
Conclusion
Geothermal energy is one of the potential alternative energy sources catering to both
industrial and domestic energy requirements in many parts of the world. Presently, it is
being used as a source for producing electricity mainly along active plate boundaries.
Energy Conversion Technology 2 - Binary power plant presentationRiccardo Pagotto
Presentazione in lingua inglese di un tema a scelta fra un elenco di temi assegnati.
Argomento: "Optimal design of Binary Cycle Power Plants for water-dominated, medium temperature geothermal fields"
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY, INFO ABOUT GEOTHERMAL ENERGY, HISTORY OF GEOTHERMAL ENERGY, SOURCES OF G.E., EXPLORATION, POWER PLANTS, DRY STEAM, FLASH STEAM, BINARY ETC., THERMAL EFFICIENCY OF POWER PLANT, COST ESTIMATION, USE OF GEOTHERMAL ENERGY, POTENTIAL SITES IN INDIA, RESEARCH CENTERS, ADVANTAGES, FUTURE SCOPE,EXAMPLE.
Keynote presentation at GEORG Geothermal Workshop, Nov. 24, 2016ThinkGeoEnergy
This is a keynote presentation, I gave at the GEORG Geothermal Workshop in Reykjavik/ Iceland on November 24, 2016. It was held as part of my role as President of the International Geothermal Association with data from my activities at ThinkGeoEnergy.
Geothermal Power Generation Final Year Project 2k9 PakistanEhtijab Hassan
our aim is to deliver the idea of power generation to tackle the power energy crises and by this we can produce local clean and inexhaustible electricity in Pakistan and all over the world
Power, Gas and Certificates Trading Industry in EuropePMILebanonChapter
Elie El Haddad is the speaker for the monthly lecture of the PMI Lebanon Chapter and the presentation title is "Projects for the Power, Gas and Certificates Industry".
Lecture Outline and Objectives:
Outline
Power generation industry
Power scheduling, routing and balancing
Power trading
Challenges of project management for the power industry
Objectives
How the energy is produced
How the energy is delivered to the end customer
How the pricing is made
How the risk management is calculated
Project implementation for the power industry
Energy generated by using wind, tides, solar, geothermal heat, and biomass including farm and animal waste is known as non-conventional energy. All these sources are renewable or inexhaustible and do not cause environmental pollution. More over they do not require heavy expenditure.
Natural resources that can be replaced and reused by nature are termed renewable. Natural resources that cannot be replaced are termed nonrenewable.
Renewable resources are replaced through natural processes at a rate that is equal to or greater than the rate at which they are used, and depletion is usually not a worry.
Nonrenewable resources are exhaustible and are extracted faster than the rate at which they formed. E.g. Fossil Fuels (coal, oil, natural gas).
Oxford 28th october (capital costs, storage, experience curves) v2Chris Goodall
Our assumptions about the Levelised Cost of Electricity from renewables are wrong. This presentation looks at how we should correct our estimates by taking note of the fall in the real cost of capital for index-linked assets which, for example, includes PV in the UK.
2. HOW DOES GEOTHERMAL POWER WORK
By drilling deep wells (>3000 m) thermal energy from the earth is
converted into electrical power
1. After drilling wells (>3000 m) hot water
(>160 ºC) is pumped up from deep earth
levels
3.
2. With a heat exchanger, turbine and
2. generator, electricity is generated
3. The remaining energy can be used for
heating buildings, greenhouses or
community swimming pools
Proven technology:
Geothermal power stations are already running
1. for decades in for example Iceland, USA and
Germany (~ 20 plants)
Diagram source: www. geox-gmbh.de
3 December 2009 Geothermal power – financial comparison – version 3 2
3. ADVANTAGES
Geothermal power has superior advantages over wind turbines,
solar energy and coal/gas-fired power plants
Advantages of geothermal power -
compared to other methods
Wind turbines Solar panels Coal/gas power plants
Wind turbines Solar panels Coal/gas power plants
• Average capacity utilisation is • Average capacity utilisation is • Environmentally unacceptable
• Average capacity utilisation is • Average capacity utilisation is • Environmentally unacceptable
only 40% as the wind speed only 15% as there is no light levels of CO2 emissions
only 40% as the wind speed only 15% as there is no light levels of CO2 emissions
varies over time during the night and due to
varies over time during the night and due to • With the rapid growth of far
sub-optimal light conditions • With the rapid growth of far
• Full backup capacity in the sub-optimal light conditions East economies, significant
• Full backup capacity in the East economies, significant
system is needed in case there • Backup capacity in the system cost increase of coal/gas in the
system is needed in case there • Backup capacity in the system cost increase of coal/gas in the
is no wind is needed for night hours near future (5-10 years)
is no wind is needed for night hours near future (5-10 years)
• When wind speed and output is • Huge pieces of land are needed • Insufficient supply of coal/gas
• When wind speed and output is • Huge pieces of land are needed • Insufficient supply of coal/gas
high, market is flooded with (avg. 18 ha / / effective MW)
(avg. 18 ha effective MW) on the long term (30-50 years)
high, market is flooded with on the long term (30-50 years)
large supply, dropping market
large supply, dropping market • Investment per effective MW is • Fuel costs are additional costs
price per kWh • Investment per effective MW is • Fuel costs are additional costs
price per kWh high
high • Dependency on international
• Investment per effective MW is • Dependency on international
• Investment per effective MW is coal/gas markets
high coal/gas markets
high
3 December 2009 Geothermal power – financial comparison – version 3 3
4. FINANCIALS
In terms of investment per MW-peak, geothermal energy seems
not to be especially attractive …
Investment per MW Average utilisation
[mln euro / MW] [%]
80% 80%
4,8 4,7
2,9
2,7 40%
15%
Wind Solar Geothermic Geothermic Wind Solar Geothermic Geothermic
Landau Sauerlach Landau Sauerlach
… however, utilisation must also be considered
… however, utilisation must also be considered
3 December 2009 Geothermal power – financial comparison – version 3 4
5. FINANCIALS
Taking utilisation into account, geothermal energy is a very
attractive investment
Investment per effective MW
[mln euro / MW]
34,7
6,7 5,9
3,6
Wind Solar Geothermic Landau Geothermic Sauerlach
Investment per effective MW = Investment per MW-peak x Average utilisation
3 December 2009 Geothermal power – financial comparison – version 3 5
6. ADVANTAGES
Looking at the investment per effective MW, geothermal energy is
a very attractive investment
Investment per MW Average utilisation
[mln euro / MW] [%]
80% 80%
4,8 4,7
2,7 2,9
x/y 40%
15%
Wind Solar Geotherm ic Geotherm ic Wind Solar Geotherm ic Geotherm ic
Landau Sauerlach Landau Sauerlach
Investment per effective MW
[mln euro / MW]
34,7
= 6,7 5,9
3,6
Wind Solar Geothermic Geothermic
Landau Sauerlach
3 December 2009 Geothermal power – financial comparison – version 3 6
7. FINANCIALS
Nobody can predict future coal prices, though recent history shows
that prices can easily triple
Historical coal prices
Coal price NYMEX [$/ton] ‘Every month 3 coal-fired plants are
opened somewhere in China’
160 New York Times, 11 June 2006
140
actual
120
Coal price forecast based on
100
5 year linear trend
80 5 year linear trend
? Year
Year $$/ /ton
ton
60
2010
2010 84
84
40
2020
2020 139
139
20
2030
2030 193
193
0
2006 2007 2008 2009
For our analysis we will use three prices: $50, $100 and $150
For our analysis we will use three prices: $50, $100 and $150
3 December 2009 Geothermal power – financial comparison – version 3 7
8. FINANCIALS
Depending on future coal prices and geothermal parameters,
geothermal energy can compete with coal-fired power
Cost comparision [euro/kWh]
0,086
0,080
-
0,069
0,053 0,050 0,053
0,033 -
0,017 0,070
0,043
0,026 0,026 0,026
0,010 0,010 0,010 0,010 0,010
Coal 50 $/ton Coal 100 $/ton Coal 150 $/ton Geothermic Geothermic
Landau Sauerlach
Maintenance & operation Capital Fuel
3 December 2009 Geothermal power – financial comparison – version 3 8
9. FINANCIALS
The period after economic life makes geothermal energy really
attractive
Year 1 – 20 Year 21 – 30/50 (?)
Economic life: including capital cost After economic life: no capital cost,
(depreciation + interest) investment has been written-off
0,086
0,080
-
0,069
0,060
0,050
0,053 0,053
0,033 -
0,043
0,017 0,070
0,050
0,043 0,027
0,033
0,026 0,026 0,026
0,017
0,010 0,010
- - - - -
0,010 0,010 0,010 0,010 0,010 0,010 0,010 0,010 0,010 0,010
Coal 50 Coal 100 Coal 150 Geothermic Geothermic Coal 50 Coal 100 Coal 150 Geothermic Geothermic
$/ton $/ton $/ton Landau Sauerlach $/ton $/ton $/ton Landau Sauerlach
3 December 2009 Geothermal power – financial comparison – version 3 9
10. More information
General
• A sense of urgency
– http://www.slideshare.net/mgankema/sense-of-urgency-climate-and-energy-issues
• Comparing wind, solar, coal and geothermal power
– http://www.slideshare.net/mgankema/geothermal-power-financial-comparison
• Ultra deep geothermal power – cheaper than coal
– http://www.slideshare.net/mgankema/geothermal-power-cheaper-than-coal
Technical
• Ultra deep drilling *
• Reservoir Engineering *
• Seismic activity *
• Production flow rates *
• Determining very deep temperatures *
Financial
• Business case *
**For these presentations please contact us
For these presentations please contact us
3 December 2009 Geothermal power – financial comparison – version 3 10
11. For more information, feedback or questions, please contact us
Contact details
Mark Gankema
Genter Str. 8, 50672 Cologne, Germany
Telephone: +49 (0)221 46759735
mobile: +49 (0)178 1969963
E-mail: mgankema@gmail.com
Thank you very much for your attention!
Mark Gankema
December 2009
Cologne, Germany
3 December 2009 Geothermal power – financial comparison – version 3 11