The human use of human beings Navigating a world beyond employment

1. The human use of human beings
Navigating a world beyond employment

2. The fear is old
June 29, 1955,
Punch Magazine.

3. AI (1960s)
AI (1990s)
AI (Now)
ENIAC (1946)
The AI “Winters”
The story so far

4. State of playCognitiveAutomation
Time
Now
Recognition intelligence
Cognitive Intelligence
General Intelligence
(?)

5. Enablers of work automation
Robotic Process
Automation
Cognitive
automation
Social Robotics
TASKS Routine,
High-volume
Non-routine,
creative
Routine,
collaborative
MATURITY HIGH EMERGING MEDIUM
IMPACT MEDIUM HIGH HIGH

6. The end of work?

7. Source: WTW Research, March 2016
$123,000
$20,000
Automating the marketing analyst

8. The automation of jobs
Source: The Future of Employment, by C. Frey and M. Osborne
47%
of jobs will be
fully-
automated in
the next 10
years

9. Automating tasks (not jobs)
9%
of jobs will be
fully-automated
Source: Arntz, M., T. Gregory and U. Zierahn (2016), “The Risk of Automation for Jobs in
OECD Countries: A Comparative Analysis”, OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working
Papers, No. 189, OECD Publishing, Paris.

10. The change is on
2nd Industrial
Revolution
“The assembly
line”
Features:
 Underpinning for
Coase’s theory of
the firm
 Companies as
social institutions
 Organization of
work into jobs
 Jobs as careers
3rd Industrial
Revolution
“Nikefication”
Features:
 Technology
enablement and the
web
 Companies as the
nexus of contracts
 Streamlining of jobs
to enable outsourcing
4th Industrial
Revolution
“Uberization”
Features:
 Mobile, sensors, AI and
machine learning
 Companies as
platforms
 Disaggregation of work
into activities
 Talent on demand
1900s 1960s-1990s 2000s-

11. The 5 Forces of Change
Source: CHREATE Consortium
Social &
Organizational
reconfiguration
A truly
connected
world
All inclusive,
global talent
market
Human &
machine
collaboration
Exponential
pattern of
technology
change
1
2
3
4
5
• Work Automation (RPA, CA, Social Robotics)
• Blockchains
• 3D printing
• IoT
Technological Empowerment
• Short term
• Agile
• Skills-based
• Networks
• Platforms
Democratization of Work

12. Possible futures
LOW
DemocratizationofWork
Technological Empowerment
HIGH
HIGH
LOW
Work
Reimagined
“UBER”
Empowered
Current
State
Today
turbo-charged
1 2
34
Source: CHREATE Consortium

13. A shared economy for talent
Company
A
Company
B
Company
C
Company
D
Shared talent platform
AI-enabled
IT
HR
CS

14. Transformed jobs: Medicine
Proficiency role (now)
Pivotal role (future)
Employee Performance Employee Performance
PatientSatisfaction
PatientSatisfaction
AI - Enabled
As cognitive automation replaces diagnostics doctors (a “proficiency role”) can
spend more time with patients, and becoming a “pivotal role” in healthcare systems

15. Future-proofing

16. Transforming business with work automation
Source: “Lead the Work” by R. Jesuthasan, J. Bourdeau, D. Creelman
Assignment
Organisation
Rewards
• Self-contained
• Unlinked
• Exclusive
• Stable
• Deconstructed Tasks
• Dispersed
• Project-bound
• Constructed Jobs
• Anchored
• Employment-Bound
• Long-Term
• Collective and
consistent
• Traditional
• Permeable
• Interlinked
• Collaborative
• Flexible
• Short-term
• Individualised and
Differentiated
• Imaginative
AI enabled

17. Thank you, and…
@zarkadakis