Geographical Indication and Rural Development by Madhuparna Ray

1. GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATION (GI)
AND
RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Madhuparna Ray
3rd Year, BBA LLB (Hons)
School of Law, GITAM UNIVERSITY

2. Geographical Indications (GI) and Rural Development
1: Researcher: Madhuparna Ray
2: Presentation Title: Geographical Indications (GI) and Rural Development
3: Research Focus: Role of GI in shaping Modern India : Darjeeling Tea –
Case Study
4: School: School of Law, GITAM Deemed to be University, Visakhapatnam
Campus
5: Student Level: Undergraduate [ 3rd Year, 5th Semester BBA LLB (Hons) ]
6: Presentation Type: Oral & PowerPoint presentation

3. Geographical Indications (GI) : A concept
According to WIPO,
A geographical indication (GI) is a sign used on products that have a
specific geographical
In order to function as a GI, a sign must identify a product as originating
in a given place.
In addition, the qualities, characteristics or reputation of the product
should be essentially due to the place of origin.

4. Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection)
Act, 1999
The Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection)
Act, 1999 (GI Act) is an Act of the Parliament of India for protection of
geographical indications in India. Also, there is Geographical Indications of
Goods (Registration and Protection) Rules, 2002 (GI Rules)
Both came into effect from 15th September, 2003
Aim: To Provide 1) Registration
2) Better protection of geographical indications
relating to goods.
The GI tag ensures that none other than those registered as authorised users
are allowed to use the popular product name.
 Darjeeling tea became the first GI tagged product in India, in 29-10-2004,
since then 370 goods (April 2020 till date) have been added to the list.

5. Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection)
Act, 1999
Purpose of the Act
i) By specific law governing the geographical goods in the country, which
could adequately protect the interests of producers of such goods
ii) To exclude unauthorized persons from misusing GI
iii) To protect consumers from deception
iv) To promote export of GI tagged goods

6.  In India, there is a beautiful GI slogan, ‘Atulya Bharat ki Amulya
Nidhi’ or ‘Invaluable Treasures of Incredible India’ by the Ministry
of Commerce and Industry, Government of India.

7. As per Sec 2(f) of the act, goods are basically classified into:
1) Agricultural – e.g. Mango Malihabadi Dusseheri (Uttar Pradesh)
(112 registered GI under this category as of now)
2) Natural Goods – e.g. Makrana Marble (Rajasthan) & Chunar
Balua Patthar (Uttar Pradesh)
(Only 2 registered GI under this category as of now)
3) Manufactured – e.g. Meerut Scissors (Uttar Pradesh)
(24 registered GI under this category as of now)
4) Handicrafts – e.g. Madhubani Painting (Bihar)
(214 registered GI under this category as of now)
5) Food Stuff – e.g. Ratlami Sev (Madhya Pradesh)
(18 registered GI under this category as of now)

8. INDIA
 Darjeeling Tea (West Bengal)
 Pochampalli Ikat (Telangana)
 Guntur Red Chilli (Andhra Pradesh)
 Tirupathi Laddu (Andhra Pradesh)
 Mysore Silk (Karnataka)
 Himsagar Mango (West Bengal)
 Nagpur Orange (Maharashtra &
Madhya Pradesh)
EXAMPLES OF SOME OF THE GI-s IN INDIA and ABROAD
ABROAD
 Swiss Watches
 Irish Whisky
 Florida Oranges
 Champagne

9.  When a rural product gets a GI tag, there is automatic value
addition and increase in general reliability of the commodity,
enabling the producers to command a justified commercial value.
After Banglar Rosogolla and Joynagarer Moya, now six rural
crafts have received the coveted Geographical Indication (or
GI) tag. The crafts include – terracotta of Panchmura, Dokra,
Chhau masks of Charida, wooden masks of Kushmandi,
Banglar Patachitra and Madur. Currently, there are 21 GI
registered products from West Bengal

10. It is a style of Kalamkari work,
dyed hand-painting of a fabric.
Produced in Srikalahasti of
Chittoor district in the Indian
state of Andhra Pradesh.
It is a type of chilli pepper that
grows in the districts of Guntur,
Warangal, and Khammam.
Registered as one of the GI-s of
Andhra Pradesh
GUNTUR SANNAM CHILLI
 ANDHRA PRADESH today can boast of several (19 as of now) GI
tagged products which are unique in natures and have earned reputation
globally.
SRIKALAHASTI KALAMKARI

11. Benishan is a mango variety produced in Banaganapalle of
Kurnool district in Andhra Pradesh.
First introduced by the Nawabs of Banaganapalli.
In 2018, after a long wait of over 100 years, it finally got its GI
Tag.
String instrument in Carnatic classical
music.
Named after Bobbili, a place where it was
invented.
In 2011 the musical instrument got a GI
tag from the Government of India.
BOBBILI VEENA
 ANDHRA PRADESH today can boast of several GI tagged products
which are unique in natures and have earned reputation globally.
BANAGANAPALLE MANGOES

12. Extensive internet usage.
 Presence of various e-commerce sites soon gives
access to the products wherever they are.
 As per human psychology, within no time such a
GI tagged product creates a huge wave of demand.
With effective marketing strategies, such a product
has an assured, continuous and high demand in the
market.
Consequently, more and more, local people are
absorbed in the production and supply chain,
ensuring high growth-rate of employment there.

13. DARJEELING TEA
A case study

14.  Darjeeling, once upon a time was a grossly
underdeveloped hillside hamlet till mid 1800s.
Darjeeling Tea has changed the status, fate and
economy of this small village now turned into a big town.
This is a great example how GI tag can change a
place and its economy.
As a result, development of hospitality industry took
place, right from roadside tea stalls to star hotels.
Today it boasts of some of the best residential schools
in India like St. Joseph’s School.

15. HISTORY OF DARJEELING TEA
Tea planting in the India District of Darjeeling began
in 1841
It was introduced by Archibald Campbell, a civil
surgeon of the Indian Medical Service
He brought seeds of the Chinese tea plant (Camellia
sinensis) from Kumaun and began to experiment tea
planting in Darjeeling
1850s : Commercial production of Darjeeling tea
began

17. DARJEELING TEA
A case study ..... contd
Darjeeling Tea one of the most expensive and exotically flavoured tea in the world
There are 4 flavours of Darjeeling Tea
available in market
DARJEELING word and logo were the
first Geographical Indications to be
registered in India in the name of the
Tea Board.

18. DARJEELING TEA
A case study ..... contd
There are 4 flavours of Darjeeling Tea available in market
(1) Easter Flush (2) Spring Flush (3) Summer Flush (4) Autumn Flush
There are 4 flavours of Darjeeling Tea available in market
(1) Easter Flush (Mar–Apr) : liquor is light, clear, bright and imparts a pleasant brisk
flavour
(2) Spring Flush (May–Jun) : liquor is with more colour and has a slightly fruity flavour.
(3) Summer Flush (Jul–Sep) : liquor becomes stronger.
(4) Autumn Flush (Oct–Nov) : light coppery tinge and liquors have a delicate character.

19. DARJEELING TEA
A case study ..... contd
Darjeeling Tea is made from its unique
aroma of ‘TWO LEAVES and A BUD’
Or popularly known in local language as
‘Duti Paata – Ekti kudi’

20. DARJEELING TEA
A case study
 Because it possesses a well-known flavour
and quality.
 Due to the unique and complex combination of
agro-climatic conditions Darjeeling tea has a
distinctive having naturally-occurring quality
 The quality, reputation and characteristics of
the tea is essentially attributable to its geographical
origin and cannot be replicated elsewhere.
• Adulteration
• Poor Value Realization
• Consumer deception
• Damage to reputation
Why is Darjeeling
Tea GI tagged?
Why was the
Protection Necessary?

21. DARJEELING TEA
A case study ..... contd

22. Of
 Legal Protection
 Prevent unauthorised Use
 Boost the Rural Development
 Help in Preserving Local Culture and Resources
Provide Complete Information to the Customers.

23. GI not only stands for
Geographical Indications
BUT
I look at GI as ….
rowth of ndustries
Or
Is it
reat nitiative
For A
oal towards High National ncome