The document provides information about functions and relations, including definitions and examples of representing real-world situations with functions. It discusses writing function rules from tables of data and representing relationships between variables with equations. Examples are given of determining whether relations qualify as functions based on their ordered pairs, tables of values, or mapping diagrams.
Powerpoint Presentation for African Mythology (Filipino 10)
P.S If you want to download the powerpoint presentation just kindly email me at amaranthus.adelpho@gmail.com :)
Ang lipunan ay nahaharap sa iba't ibang isyu na nakaaapekto sa pamumuhay ng tao. Ang pag-unawa sa mga isyung ito ay nakatutulong upang makatugon sa mga hamon na dulot ng mga isyu.
Powerpoint Presentation for African Mythology (Filipino 10)
P.S If you want to download the powerpoint presentation just kindly email me at amaranthus.adelpho@gmail.com :)
Ang lipunan ay nahaharap sa iba't ibang isyu na nakaaapekto sa pamumuhay ng tao. Ang pag-unawa sa mga isyung ito ay nakatutulong upang makatugon sa mga hamon na dulot ng mga isyu.
Mga kaguro sa Araling Panlipunan isinishare ko po sa inyo ang first quarter module para sa Grade 10 Kontemporaryong Isyu dahil karamihan wala pang reference at hindi tayo nakaattend ng training for G 10 kontemporaryong isyu. sana makatulong ito sa inyo. ATB/2017
Mga kaguro sa Araling Panlipunan isinishare ko po sa inyo ang first quarter module para sa Grade 10 Kontemporaryong Isyu dahil karamihan wala pang reference at hindi tayo nakaattend ng training for G 10 kontemporaryong isyu. sana makatulong ito sa inyo. ATB/2017
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2. ii
11
General
Mathematics
Module 1: INTRODUCTION TO
FUNCTIONS
Department of Education โข Republic of the Philippines
This instructional material was collaboratively developed and reviewed
by educators from public and private schools, colleges, and/or universities.
We encourage teachers and other education stakeholders to email their
feedback, comments, and recommendations to the Department of Education
at action@deped.gov.ph.
We value your feedback and recommendations.
3. iii
DEVELOPMENT TEAM OF THE MODULE
Authors: Edward C. Reyes Jr.
Editors:
Illustrator:
Layout Artist:
Management Team
Chairperson: Dr. Arturo B. Bayocot, CESO III
Regional Director
Co-Chairpersons: Dr. Victor G. De Gracia Jr. CESO V
Assistant Regional Director
Jonathan S. dela Peรฑa, PhD, CESO V
Schools Division Superintendent
Rowena H. Para-on, PhD
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Mala Epra B. Magnaong, Chief ES, CLMD
Members: Neil A. Improgo, PhD, EPS-LRMS; Bienvenido U. Tagolimot, Jr., PhD, EPS-
ADM; Erlinda G. Dael, PhD, CID Chief; Nelson B. Absin, PhD, EPS (Math &
Science); Celieto B. Magsayo, LRMS Manager; Loucile L. Paclar, Librarian II;
Kim Eric G. Lubguban, PDO II
Regional Evaluator: Maria Jocelyn Y. Aguiman
Camiguin Division
General Mathematics โ Grade 11
Alternative Delivery Mode
Module 1: Introduction to Functions
First Edition, 2019
Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any
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Published by the Department of Educationโ Region X โ Northern Mindanao.
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Department of Education โ Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR)
Office Address:
Telefax:
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4. iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Overview โฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆ1
Module Content โฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆ..1
Objectives โฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆ...1
General Instructionsโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆ2
Pretestโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆ...3
Lesson 1: Representations of Functions and Relations โฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆ4
Activity 1โฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆ 14
Lesson 2: Evaluating Function .โฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆ.16
Activity 2โฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆ..18
Lesson 3: Operations on Function โฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆ20
Composition of Functions โฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆ... 24
Problems involving Functions โฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆ.25
Activity 3โฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆ.25
Summary/Generalizationsโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆ...27
Posttestโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆ...28
Referencesโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆโฆ.
5. 1
What I need to Know
Module Content
In this module, you will learn to:
1. represent real-life situations using functions, including piece-wise functions;
2. evaluate a function;
3. performs addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and composition of
functions;
and
4. solves problems involving functions.
Dear learner,
Welcome to Module 1 for General Mathematics!
In this module, the competencies expected that you will learn are found in the
Module Content. You will see how relations and functions are represented and what
piece-wise functions are. You will also learn how to evaluate perform operations with
functions and composite functions. Plus, you will need critical thinking skills as you
solve problems with functions.
However, can you do the PRE-TEST?
You may then start this module. Try to understand the Lesson 1 and Lesson 2,
learn from the illustrative and solved examples, and do the activities (Activity 1 to
Activity 6). Take the challenge in the Posttest. Then, check your work. Answers
are provided in the ANSWER KEY. Read the Summary and generalizations.
For sure, you will enjoy learning how to represent relations and functions. Do
not hesitate to ask help from your teacher if there are difficulties that you have
encountered.
Good Luck!
6. 2
General Directions
To help you attain the objectives of this module, you may try following the
steps below.
๏ถ First, read carefully each lesson on this module. Should there be times that
you need to read again parts of the lesson, go ahead!
๏ถ Second, answer the pre-assessment test. It is expected that some parts may
be unfamiliar to you as new lessons will be learned in this module.
๏ถ Third, read and follow instructions honestly.
๏ถ Fourth, do not hesitate to answer all the activities set for you. Your teacher
will be glad to answer your queries.
๏ถ Then, you may check answers to each activity. An Answer Key is provided.
๏ถ And lastly, read the Summary carefully so you will not miss out important
concepts in this module.
What I Know
Let us check how much you know about functions and their graphs.
Direction: Choose the letter of the best answer and write this on your answer sheet.
1) Given ๐(๐ฅ) = 2๐ฅ โ 5 & ๐(๐ฅ) = 3๐ฅ + 4, solve for (๐ โ ๐)(๐ฅ).
a. 11 โ 6๐ฅ c. 6๐ฅ โ 11
b. 6๐ฅ2
โ 7๐ฅ โ 20 d. 6๐ฅ2
โ 23๐ฅ โ 20
2) Given ๐ฆ = 3๐ฅ + 7, what is ๐(โ2)?
a. 1 c. -13
b. -1 d. 13
3) The composite function denoted by ๐ โ ๐ is defined as _____________.
a. (๐ โ ๐)(๐ฅ) = ๐(๐(๐ฅ)) c. (๐ โ ๐)(๐ฅ) = ๐(๐ฅ)โ๐(๐ฅ)
b. (๐ โ ๐)(๐ฅ) = ๐(๐(๐ฅ)) d. (๐ โ ๐)(๐ฅ) = ๐(๐ฅ)โ๐(๐ฅ)
4) It is a set of ordered pairs (๐ฅ, ๐ฆ) such that no two ordered pairs have the same x-
value but different y-values.
a. relation c. domain
b. function d. range
5) What is the domain of the equation ๐ฆ = 3๐ฅ2
โ 4๐ฅ?
a. {๐: ๐ โ ๐น, ๐ < โ๐} c. {๐: ๐ โ ๐น}
b. {๐: ๐ โ ๐น, ๐ โ ๐} d. {๐: ๐ โ ๐น, ๐ โฅ ๐}
7. 3
Answer key on page 31
6) Given ๐(๐ฅ) = 2๐ฅ โ 5 & ๐(๐ฅ) = 3๐ฅ + 4, find (๐โ๐)(๐ฅ).
a. 6๐ฅ2
+ 23๐ฅ โ 20 c. 6๐ฅ2
โ 20
b. 6๐ฅ2
โ 23๐ฅ โ 20 d. 6๐ฅ2
โ 7๐ฅ โ 20
7) If ๐(๐ฅ) = ๐ฅ + 7 & ๐(๐ฅ) = 2๐ฅ โ 3, what is (๐ โ ๐)(๐ฅ)?
a. โ๐ฅ + 4 c. ๐ฅ โ 4
b. 10 โ ๐ฅ d. 10 + 3๐ฅ
8) When dividing two fractions or rational expressions, multiply the dividend with
the ________ of the divisor.
a. reciprocal c. abscissa
b. addend d. Theorem
9) What is the set of all possible values that the variable x can take in a relation?
a. domain c. equation
b. range d. function
10) Which of the following set of ordered pairs in NOT a function?
a. (1,2), (2,3), (3,4), (4,5) c. (1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (4, 4)
b. (1,2), (1,3), (3,6), (4,8 d. (3, 2), (4, 2), (5, 2), (6, 2)
8. 4
LESSON
1 REPRESENTATIONS OF FUNCTIONS AND RELATIONS
Here youโll learn how to interpret situations that occur in everyday life and use
functions to represent them. Youโll also use these functions to answer questions that
come up.
What if your bank charged a monthly fee of $15 for your checking account
and also charged $0.10 for each check written? How would you represent this
scenario with a function? Also, what if you could only afford to spend $20 a month on
fees? Could you use your function to ๏ฌnd out how many checks you could write per
month? In this Concept, youโll learn how to handle situations like these by using
functions.
How can challenging problems involving functions be analyzed and solved?
Letโs answer these question by doing the activities below.
Activity 1: Pictures Analysis (eliciting prior knowledge, Motivation, Hook)
Observe the pictures below and answer the questions
1. What concepts of functions can you associate with the pictures?
____________________________________________________
2. How these concepts are used indifferent situations?
9. 5
____________________________________________________
3. Can you determine any purpose why these concepts are present in the
pictures? Please specify.
____________________________________________________
4. Can you cite any problem which can be answered through these concepts?
Describe at least one.
____________________________________________________
5. How can challenging problems involving functions be analyzed and solved?
____________________________________________________
Activity 2: IRF- Initial, Revised, Final
How can challenging problems involving functions be analyzed and solved?
Initial Answer Revised Answer Final Answer
Write a Function Rule
In many situations, data is collected by conducting a survey or an experiment. To
visualize the data, it is arranged into a table. Most often, a function rule is needed to
predict additional values of the independent variable.
Example
Try to notice the trend of each variable.
Number of CDs 2 4 6 8 10
Cost (Php) 24 48 72 96 120
Solution:
10. 6
You pay Php 24 for 2 CDs, Php 48 for 4 CDs, and Php 120 for 10 CDs. That
means that each CD costs Php 12.
We can write the function rule.
๐ถ๐๐ ๐ก = ๐โ๐ 12 ร ๐๐ข๐๐๐๐ ๐๐ ๐ถ๐ท๐ or ๐(๐) = ๐๐๐
Example
Write a
function rule for the table.
Solution:
The values of the dependent variable are always the corresponding positive
outcomes of the input values. This relationship has a special name, the absolute
value. The function rule looks like this: ๐(๐) = |๐|.
Represent a Real-World Situation with a Function.
Letโs look at a real-world situation that can be represented by a function.
Example
Maya has an internet service that currently has a monthly access fee of $11.95 and a
connection fee of $0.50 per hour. Represent her monthly cost as a function of
connection time.
Solution:
Let ๐ฅ = the number of hours Maya spends on the internet in one month.
๐ฆ = Mayaโs monthly cost.
The monthly fee is $11.95 with an hourly charge of $0.50.
The total cost = ๏ฌat fee + hourly fee ร number of hours. The function is
๐ = ๐(๐) = ๐๐. ๐๐ + ๐. ๐๐๐.
๐ โ๐ ๐ ๐ โ๐ โ๐ ๐ ๐
๐ ๐ ๐ ๐ ๐ ๐ ๐ ๐
11. 7
Definition
A relation is a rule that relates values from a set of values (called the domain) to a second set
of values (called the range).
A relation is a set of ordered pairs (๐ฅ, ๐ฆ).
A function is a relation where each element in the domain is related to only one value in the
range by some rule.
A function is a set of ordered pairs (๐ฅ, ๐ฆ) such that no two ordered pairs have the same x-value
but different y-values. Using functional notation, we can write ๐(๐ฅ) = ๐ฆ, read as
โ๐ ๐๐ ๐ฅ ๐๐ ๐๐๐ข๐๐ ๐ก๐ ๐ฆ. โ In particular, if (1, 2) is an ordered pair associated with the function f,
then we say that ๐(2) = 1.
Here is a video to introduce functions https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tAoe4xjUZQk
When diving in the ocean, you must consider how much pressure you will
experience from diving a certain depth. From the atmosphere, we experience 14.7
pounds per square inch (psi) and for every foot we dive down into the ocean, we
experience another 0.44 psi in pressure.
a. Write a function expressing how pressure changes depending on depth
underwater.
b. How far can you dive without experiencing more than 58.7 psi of pressure on your
body?
Process Questions:
1. How did you answer the problem above?
2. What concept did you use to solve the problem?
3. What might happen if you canโt be able to respond to the given situation?
4. How can challenging problems involving geometric figures be analyzed and
solved?
Write your answers here:
.
12. 8
Whatโs More
Relations can be represented by using ordered pairs, graph, table of values,
mapping diagram and rule or equations. Determine which of the following represents
functions.
1. Ordered Pairs
Example 1. Which of the following relations are functions?
๐ = (1, 3), (4, 1), (2, 0), (7,2)
๐ = (3, 2), (4,4), (3, 3), (8, 9)
โ = (1, 2), (2, 3), (3, 4), (4, 5)
Solution:
The relations ๐ and โ are functions because no two ordered pairs have the
same x-value but different y-values. Meanwhile, ๐ is not a function because
(3,2) and (3, 3) are ordered pairs with the same x-value but different y-
values.
Relations and functions can be represented by mapping diagrams where
the elements of the domain are mapped to the elements of the range using
arrows. In this case, the relation or function is represented by the set of all
the connections represented by the arrows.
2. Table of values
Example 2
Answer: Function. This is a many-to- one correspondence.
x -3 -2 -1 0 1 3 4
y 10 5 2 1 2 5 6
x 1 1 1 2 4
A.
13. 9
The Vertical Line Test
A graph represents a function if and only if each vertical line intersects the graph
at most once.
Inspecting the abscissas in the
table,
Answer: mere relation. This is a one- to- many correspondence. Looking at
the table, there is duplication in the domain. The element โ1โ in x is matched to
three elements in y.
3. Mapping Diagrams
Example 3. Which of the following mapping diagrams represent
functions?
Solution.
The relations f and g are functions because each value y in Y is unique for
a specific value of x. The relation h is not a function because there is at
least one element in X for which there is more than one corresponding y-
value. For example, ๐ฅ = 2 corresponds to ๐ฆ = 20 or 40.
A relation between two sets of numbers can be illustrated by a graph in the
Cartesian plane, and that a function passes the vertical line test.
Example 4. Which of the following can be graphs of functions?
y 1 2 3 4 5
๐ ๐
โ
B.
14. 10
1. 2.
3. 4.
5.
Solution.
Graphs 2, 3, 4 are graphs of functions while 1 and 5 are not because they
Important Concepts.
Relations are rules that relate two values, one from a set of inputs and the second from the set
of outputs.
Functions are rules that relate only one value from the set of outputs to a value from the set
of inputs.
The domain of a relation is the set of all possible values that the variable x can take.
15. 11
do not pass the vertical line test.
Example 5.
Identify the domain for each relation using set builder notation.
a. ๐ฆ = 3๐ฅ โ 2
b. ๐ฆ = 3๐ฅ2
โ 4๐ฅ
c. ๐ฅ2
+ ๐ฆ2
= 1
d. ๐ฆ = โ๐ฅ โ 4
e. ๐ฆ =
2๐ฅ+1
๐ฅโ1
f. ๐ฆ = โ๐ฅโ + 1 where is the greatest integer function.
Solution. The domains for the relations are as follows:
a. {๐: ๐ โ ๐น} d. {๐: ๐ โ ๐น, ๐ โฅ ๐}
b. {๐: ๐ โ ๐น} e. {๐: ๐ โ ๐น, ๐ โ ๐}
c. {๐: ๐ โ ๐น, โ๐ โค ๐ โค ๐} f. {๐: ๐ โ ๐น}
Functions as representations of real-life situations.
Functions can often be used to model real situations. Identifying an appropriate
functional model will lead to a better understanding of various phenomena.
Example 6.
Give a function C that can represent the cost of buying x meals, if one meal
costs P40.
Solution: Since each meal costs P40, then the cost function is ๐ถ(๐ฅ) = 40๐ฅ.
16. 12
Example 7.
One hundred meters of fencing is available to enclose a rectangular area
next to a river (see figure). Give a function A that can represent the area that
can be enclosed, in terms of x.
Solution.
The area of the rectangular enclosure is ๐ด = ๐ฅ๐ฆ. We will write this as a
function of ๐ฅ. Since only 100 m of fencing is available, then ๐ฅ + 2๐ฆ = 100
or ๐ฆ =
100โ๐ฅ
2
= 50 โ 0.5๐ฅ. Thus, ๐ด = ๐ฅ(50 โ 0.5๐ฅ) = 50๐ฅ โ 0.5๐ฅ2
.
Piecewise Functions.
Some situations can only be described by more than one formula, depending on the
value of the independent variable.
Example 8.
A user is charged ๐300 monthly for a particular mobile plan, which includes
100 free text messages. Messages in excess of 100 are charged P1 each.
Represent the monthly cost for text messaging using the function ๐ก(๐),
where m is the number of messages sent in a month.
Solution. The cost of text messaging can be expressed by the piecewise function
๐ก(๐) = {
300 , ๐๐ 0 < ๐ โค 100
300 + ๐ , ๐๐ ๐ > 100
Example 9.
A jeepney ride costs P8.00 for the first 4 kilometers, and each additional
integer kilometer adds P1.50 to the fare. Use a piecewise function to
represent the jeepney fare in terms of the distance (d) in kilometers.
Solution.
17. 13
The input value is distance and the output is the cost of the jeepney fare. If
๐น(๐) represents the fare as a function of distance, the function can be
represented as follows:
๐น(๐) = {
8.00 , ๐๐ 0 < ๐ โค 4
8 + 1โ๐โ , ๐๐ ๐ > 4
Note that โ๐โ is the floor function applied to d. The floor function gives the
largest integer less than or equal to d, e.g. โ4.1โ = โ4.9โ = โ4โ
Example 10.
Water can exist in three states: solid ice, liquid water, and gaseous water
vapor. As ice is heated, its temperature rises until it hits the melting point of
0ยฐC and stays constant until the ice melts. The temperature then rises until it
hits the boiling point of 100ยฐC and stays constant until the water evaporates.
When the water is in a gaseous state, its temperature can rise above 100ยฐC
(This is why steam can cause third degree burns!).
A solid block of ice is at -25ยฐC and heat is added until it completely turns into
water vapor. Sketch the graph of the function representing the temperature of
water as a function of the amount of heat added in Joules given the following
information:
๏ The ice reaches 0ยฐC after applying 940 J.
๏ The ice completely melts into liquid water after applying a total of 6,950 J.
๏ The water starts to boil (100ยฐC) after a total of 14,470 J.
๏ The water completely evaporates into steam after a total of 55,260 J.
Assume that rising temperature is linear. Explain why this is a piecewise function.
Solution. Let ๐(๐ฅ) represent the temperature of the water in degrees Celsius as a
function of cumulative heat added in Joules. The function T(x) can be graphed as
follows:
18. 14
This is a piecewise function because the temperature rise can be expressed as a
linear function with positive slope until the temperature hits 0ยฐC, then it becomes a
constant function until the total heat reaches 6,950๐พ ๐ฝ. It then becomes linear again
until the temperature reaches 100ยฐC, and becomes a constant function again until
the total heat reaches 55,260 ๐ฝ.
Are you ready to take the test? Right on the next pageโฆ
Whatโs New
Answer the following item as instructed. Write your answer on a separate sheet.
Justify your answer.
Activity 1: RELATION-ships
1. For which values of k is the set of order pairs (2, 4), (๐, 6), (4, 0 ) a function?
2. Which of the following diagram represents a relation that is NOT a function?
Congratulations! You have finished the whole lesson.
19. 15
3. Give the domain of ๐ฆ = โ6 โ ๐ฅ using set builder notation.
4. A person is earning P600 per day to do a certain job. Express the total salary
S as a function of the number n of days that the person works.
5. A taxi ride costs P40.00 for the first 500 meters, and each additional 300
meters (or a fraction thereof) adds P3.50 to the fare. Use a piecewise function
to represent the taxi fare in terms of the distance d in meters
6. A certain chocolate bar costs P35.00 per piece. However, if you buy more
than 10 pieces, they will be marked down to a price of P32.00 per piece. Use
a piecewise function to represent the cost in terms of the number of chocolate
bars bought.
What I Learnedโฆ
1. What did you discover from the activity?
_____________________________________________________________
2. What conjecture or conclusion can you give from what you have learned?
_____________________________________________________________
3. How will you validate your answer?
_____________________________________________________________
4. Be ready to share what you discovered?
_____________________________________________________________
Answer key on page 30
20. 16
Evaluating a function means replacing the variable in the function, in this
case x, with a value from the function's domain and computing for the result.
To denote that we are evaluating ๐ at a for some ๐ in the domain of f, we write
๐(๐).
Check this link for more examples:
https://www.mathsisfun.com/algebra/functions-evaluating.html
LESSON
2 EVALUATING FUNCTIONS
PRE-REQUISITE SKILLS:
You need a good grasp of GEMDAS. GEMDAS is an acronym for the words
Grouping symbols, Exponents, Multiplication, Division, Addition, Subtraction. When
asked to simplify two or more operations in one algebraic/numerical expression, the
order of the letters in GEMDAS indicates what to calculate first, second, third and so
on, until a simplified expression is achieved.
Whatโs More
Example 1. Evaluate the following functions at ๐ฅ = 1.5:
a. ๐(๐ฅ) = 3๐ฅ โ 2
b. ๐(๐ฅ) = 3๐ฅ2
โ 4๐ฅ
c. โ(๐ฅ) = โ๐ฅ + 4
d. ๐(๐ฅ) =
2๐ฅ+1
๐ฅโ1
e. ๐ก(๐ฅ) = โ๐ฅโ + 1 where is the greatest integer function
Solution:
a. ๐ฆ = 3๐ฅ โ 2 = 3(1.5) โ 2 = 4.5 โ 2 = 2.5
b. ๐ฆ = 3๐ฅ2
โ 4๐ฅ = 3(1.5)2
โ 4(1.5) = 3(2.25) โ 6 = 6.75 โ 6 = 0.75
c. ๐ฆ = โ๐ฅ + 4 = โ1.5 + 4 = โ5.5 = 2.34
d. ๐ฆ =
2๐ฅ+1
๐ฅโ1
=
2(1.5)+1
1.5โ1
=
3+1
0.5
=
4
0.5
= 8
e. ๐ฆ = โ๐ฅโ + 1 = โ1.5โ + 1 = 1 + 1 = 2
Example 2.
21. 17
Evaluate the following functions, where f and q are as defined in
Example 1.
a) ๐(2๐ฅ + 1) b) ๐(4๐ฅ โ 3)
Solution:
a. ๐(2๐ฅ + 1) = 3(2๐ฅ + 1) โ 2 = 6๐ฅ + 3 โ 2 = ๐๐ + ๐
b. ๐(4๐ฅ โ 3) = 3(4๐ฅ โ 3)2
โ 4(4๐ฅ โ 3)
= 3(16๐ฅ2
โ 24๐ฅ + 9) โ 16๐ฅ + 12
= 48๐ฅ2
โ 72๐ฅ + 27 โ 16๐ฅ + 12
= 48๐ฅ2
โ 88๐ฅ + 39
Example 3
Evaluate ๐(๐ + ๐) where ๐(๐ฅ) = 4๐ฅ2
โ 3๐ฅ .
Solution.
๐(๐ + ๐) = 4(๐ + ๐)2
โ 3(๐ + ๐) = 4(๐2
+ 2๐๐ + ๐2) โ 3๐ โ 3๐
= 4๐2
โ 3๐ + 8๐๐ โ 3๐ + 4๐2
Example 4
Suppose that ๐ (๐) is the top speed (in km per hour) of a runner when the
temperature is T degrees Celsius. Explain what the statements ๐ (15) = 12
and ๐ (30) = 10 mean.
Solution.
The first equation means that when the temperature is 15ยฐ๐ถ, then the top
speed of a runner is 12 km per hour. However, when temperature rises
to 30ยฐ๐ถ, the top speed is reduced to 10 km per hour.
Example 5
The velocity ๐ (in m/s) of a ball thrown upward ๐ก seconds after the ball was
thrown is given by ๐(๐ก) = 20 โ 9.8๐ก. Calculate ๐(0) and ๐(1), and explain
what these results mean.
Solution.
22. 18
๐(0) = 20 โ 9.8(0) = 20 and ๐(1) = 20 โ 9.8(1) = 10.2. These results
indicate that the initial velocity of the ball is 20 m/s. After 1 second, the ball
is traveling more slowly, at 10.2 m/s.
Activity 2 : IRF- Initial, Revised, Final (revised)
How can challenging problems involving functions be analyzed and
solved?
Initial Answer Revised Answer Final Answer
Whatโs New
Try to solve the following Exercises.
Activity 2: Check it out
a) Evaluate the following functions at ๐ฅ = โ3
1. ๐(๐ฅ) = ๐ฅ3
โ 64
2. ๐(๐ฅ) = |๐ฅ3
โ 3๐ฅ2
+ 3๐ฅ โ 1|
3. ๐(๐ฅ) = โ3 โ 2๐ฅ
4. ๐(๐ฅ) =
3๐ฅ+1
๐ฅ2+7๐ฅ+10
b) Given ๐(๐ฅ) = ๐ฅ2
โ 4๐ฅ + 4, solve for:
1. ๐(3)
2. ๐(๐ฅ + 3)
c) A computer shop charges P20.00 per hour (or a fraction of an hour) for
the first two hours and an additional P10.00 per hour for each
succeeding hour. Find how much you would pay if you used one of their
computers for:
1) 40 minutes 2) 3 hours 3) 150 minutes
d) Under certain circumstances, a rumor spreads according to the
23. 19
equation
๐(๐ก) =
1
1 + 15(2.1)โ0.3๐ก
where ๐(๐ก) is the proportion of the population that knows the rumor (๐ก)
days after the rumor started. Find ๐(4) and ๐(10), and interpret the
results.
What I Learnedโฆ
You encountered a lot of concepts related to functions. Now itโs time to pause for
a while and reflect to your learning process by doing the 3-2-1 Chart.
What are the 3 most important things you learned?
What are the two things you are not sure about?
What is 1 thing you want to clarify immediately?
24. 20
LESSON
3 Operations on Functions & Composition of Functions
PRE-REQUISITE SKILLS:
Basic knowledge of algebra is required such as simplifying expressions, factoring
and the like.
Source: https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-pemdas-definition-rule-examples.html
Learning Outcome(s): At the end of the lesson, the learner is able to perform
addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, composition of functions, and solve
problems involving functions.
Lesson Outline:
1. Review: Operations on algebraic expressions
2. Addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of functions
3. Function composition
Example 1. Find the sum of
๐
๐
and
๐
๐
Solution. The LCD of the two fractions is 15.
1
3
+
2
5
=
5
15
+
6
15
=
5+6
15
=
11
15
Example 2. Find the sum of
1
๐ฅโ3
and
2
๐ฅโ5
Solution. The LCD of the two fractions is (๐ฅ โ 3)(๐ฅ โ 5) = ๐ฅ2
โ 8๐ฅ + 15
1
๐ฅ โ 3
+
2
๐ฅ โ 5
=
1(๐ฅ โ 5)
๐ฅ2 โ 8๐ฅ + 15
+
2(๐ฅ โ 3)
๐ฅ2 โ 8๐ฅ + 15
=
๐ฅ โ 5 + 2๐ฅ โ 6
๐ฅ2 โ 8๐ฅ + 15
=
3๐ฅ โ 11
๐ฅ2 โ 8๐ฅ + 15
Answer key on page 30
RECALL: Addition and Subtraction
a. Find the least common denominator (LCD) of both fractions.
b. Rewrite the fractions as equivalent fractions with the same LCD.
c. The LCD is the denominator of the resulting fraction.
d. The sum or difference of the numerators is the numerator of the resulting
fraction.
25. 21
Example 3. Find the product of
10
21
and
15
8
.
Solution.
Express the numerators and denominators of the two fractions into
their prime factors. Multiply and simplify out common factors in the
numerator and the denominator to reduce the final answer to lowest
terms.
10
21
โ
15
8
=
2 โ 5
3 โ 7
โ
3 โ 5
2 โ 4
=
25
28
Example 4. Find the product of
๐ฅ2โ4๐ฅโ5
๐ฅ2โ3๐ฅ+2
and
๐ฅ2โ5๐ฅ+6
๐ฅ2โ3๐ฅโ10
.
Solution.
Express the numerators and denominators of the two rational
expressions into their prime factors. Multiply and simplify out common
factors in the numerator and the denominator to reduce the final
answer to lowest terms. Note the similarity in the process between this
example and the previous one on fractions.
๐ฅ2
โ 4๐ฅ โ 5
๐ฅ2 โ 3๐ฅ + 2
โ
๐ฅ2
โ 5๐ฅ + 6
๐ฅ2 โ 3๐ฅ โ 10
=
(๐ฅ + 1)(๐ฅ โ 5)
(๐ฅ โ 1)(๐ฅ โ 2)
โ
(๐ฅ โ 2)(๐ฅ โ 3)
(๐ฅ โ 5)(๐ฅ + 2)
=
(๐ฅ + 1)
(๐ฅ โ 1)
โ
(๐ฅ โ 3)
(๐ฅ + 2)
=
๐ฅ2
โ 2๐ฅ โ 3
๐ฅ2 + ๐ฅ โ 2
RECALL: Multiplication
a. Rewrite the numerator and denominator in terms of its prime factors.
b. Common factors in the numerator and denominator can be simplified as โ1โ.
c. Multiply the numerators together to get the new numerator.
d. Multiply the denominators together to get the new denominator.
26. 22
Example 5. Divide
2๐ฅ2+๐ฅโ6
2๐ฅ2+7๐ฅ+5
and
๐ฅ2โ2๐ฅโ8
2๐ฅ2โ3๐ฅโ20
Solution:
2๐ฅ2
+ ๐ฅ โ 6
2๐ฅ2 + 7๐ฅ + 5
รท
๐ฅ2
โ 2๐ฅ โ 8
2๐ฅ2 โ 3๐ฅ โ 20
=
2๐ฅ2
+ ๐ฅ โ 6
2๐ฅ2 + 7๐ฅ + 5
โ
2๐ฅ2
โ 3๐ฅ โ 20
๐ฅ2 โ 2๐ฅ โ 8
=
(2๐ฅ โ 3)(๐ฅ + 2)
(2๐ฅ + 5)(๐ฅ + 1)
โ
(2๐ฅ + 5)(๐ฅ โ 4)
(๐ฅ + 2)(๐ฅ โ 4)
=
(2๐ฅ โ 3)
(๐ฅ + 1)
RECALL: Division
To divide two fractions or rational expressions, multiply the dividend with the
reciprocal of the divisor.
(๐ + ๐)(๐) = ๐(๐) + ๐(๐)
(๐ โ ๐)(๐) = ๐(๐) โ ๐(๐)
(๐โ๐)(๐ฅ) = ๐(๐ฅ)โ๐(๐ฅ)
Definition.
Let ๐ and ๐ be functions.
1. Their sum, denoted by ๐ + ๐ , is the function denoted by
2. Their difference, denoted by ๐ โ ๐ , is the function denoted by
3. Their product, denoted by ๐โ๐ , is the function denoted by
4. Their quotient, denoted by
๐
๐
, is the function denoted by
(
๐
๐
) (๐ฅ) =
๐(๐ฅ)
๐(๐ฅ)
, excluding the values of x where ๐(๐ฅ) = 0.
27. 23
Use the following functions below for Example 5
๏ถ ๐(๐) = ๐ + ๐
๏ถ ๐(๐) = ๐๐ โ ๐
๏ถ ๐(๐) = ๐๐
+ ๐๐ + ๐
๏ถ ๐(๐) = ๐๐
+ ๐๐ โ ๐
๏ถ ๐(๐) =
๐+๐
๐โ๐
๏ถ ๐(๐) =
๐+๐
๐+๐
Example 6. Determine the following functions.
a) (๐ฃ + ๐)(๐ฅ)
b) (๐ โ ๐)(๐ฅ)
c) (๐ + โ)(๐ฅ)
d) (๐ โ ๐)(๐ฅ)
e) (
๐ฃ
๐
) (๐ฅ)
Solution:
a. (๐ฃ + ๐)(๐ฅ) = (x2
+ 5x + 4) + (x2
+ 2x โ 8)
= ๐ฅ2
+ 5๐ฅ + 4 + ๐ฅ2
+ 2๐ฅ โ 8
= 2๐ฅ2
+ 7๐ฅ โ 4
b. (๐ โ ๐)(๐ฅ) = (๐ฅ + 3)(2๐ฅ โ 7) = 2๐ฅ2
โ ๐ฅ โ 21
c. (๐ + โ)(๐ฅ) = (๐ฅ + 3) +
๐+๐
๐โ๐
=
(๐ฅ + 3)(2 โ ๐ฅ)
2 โ ๐ฅ
+
๐ฅ + 7
2 โ ๐ฅ
=
(๐ฅ + 3)(2 โ ๐ฅ) + ๐ฅ + 7
2 โ ๐ฅ
=
6 โ ๐ฅ โ ๐ฅ2
+ ๐ฅ + 7
2 โ ๐ฅ
=
13 โ ๐ฅ2
2 โ ๐ฅ
=
๐ฅ2
โ 13
๐ฅ โ 2
d. (๐ โ ๐)(๐ฅ) = (2๐ฅ โ 7) โ (๐ฅ + 3) = 2๐ฅ โ 7 โ ๐ฅ โ 3 = ๐ฅ โ 10
e. (
v
g
) (x) =
x2+5x+4
x2+2xโ8
=
(x+1)(x+4)
(๐ฅโ2)(๐ฅ+4)
=
(x+1)
(๐ฅโ2)
Applying operations on functions may be quite confusing but as soon as you fully
learn the concept, you can derive strategies to simplify functions easily.
For further understanding on this lesson, watch the video using the link below,
28. 24
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lIbAiPUrtvQ
For examples 7 to 10, use the following functions:
๐(๐ฅ) = 2๐ฅ + 1 ๐(๐ฅ) = โ๐ฅ + 1 ๐(๐ฅ) =
2๐ฅ+1
๐ฅโ1
๐(๐ฅ) = ๐ฅ2
โ 2๐ฅ + 2 ๐น(๐ฅ) = โ๐ฅโ + 1
Example 7: Find and simplify ๐ โ ๐ (๐ฅ)
Solution:
๐ โ ๐ (๐ฅ) = ๐(2๐ฅ + 1) = โ2๐ฅ + 1 + 1 = โ2๐ฅ + 2
Example 8: Find and simplify ๐ โ ๐ (๐ฅ)
Solution:
๐ โ ๐ (๐ฅ) = (2๐ฅ + 1)2
โ 2(2๐ฅ + 1) + 2
= 4๐ฅ2
+ 4๐ฅ + 1 โ 4๐ฅ โ 2 + 2
= 4๐ฅ2
+ 1
Example 9: Find and simplify ๐ โ ๐ (๐ฅ)
Solution:
๐ โ ๐ (๐ฅ) = 2 (
2๐ฅ + 1
๐ฅ โ 1
) + 1
=
(4๐ฅ + 2) + (๐ฅ โ 1)
๐ฅ โ 1
=
5๐ฅ + 1
๐ฅ โ 1
Example 10: Find and simplify ๐น โ ๐ (5)
Solution:
Definition.
Let ๐ and ๐ be functions.
The composite function denoted by ๐ โ ๐ is defined by
๐ โ ๐ (๐ฅ) = ๐(๐(๐ฅ)).
The process of obtaining a composite function is called function composition.
29. 25
๐น โ ๐ (5) = โ
2(5) + 1
5 โ 1
โ + 1 =
11
4
+ 1 = 2 + 1 = 3
PROBLEMS INVOLVING FUNCTIONS
Example 11
Suppose that ๐(๐ฅ) = ๐ฅ denotes the number of shirts sold by a shop, and
the selling price per shirt is given by ๐(๐) = ๐๐๐ โ ๐๐, for 0 โค ๐ฅ โค 20.
Find (๐ โ ๐)(๐ฅ) and describe what it represents.
Solution:
(๐ โ ๐)(๐ฅ) = ๐(๐ฅ)โ๐(๐ฅ) = ๐ฅ (๐๐๐ โ ๐๐) = ๐๐๐๐ โ ๐๐๐
, 0 โค ๐ฅ โค 20. Since
this function is the product of the quantity sold and the selling price, then
(๐ โ ๐)(๐ฅ) represents the revenue earned by the company.
Example 12
A spherical balloon is being inflated. Let ๐(๐ก) = 3๐ก cm represent its radius at
time ๐ก seconds, and let ๐(๐) =
4
3
๐๐3
be the volume of the same balloon if its
radius is ๐. Write (๐ โ ๐) in terms of ๐ก, and describe what it represents.
Solution:
(๐ โ ๐) = ๐(๐(๐ก) =
4
3
๐๐(3๐ก)3
=
4
3
๐(27๐ก3) = 36๐๐ก3
. This
function represents the volume of the balloon at time t
seconds.
Whatโs More
Activity 3: We Co-Operate
a) Let f and g be defined as ๐(๐ฅ) = ๐ฅ โ 5 and ๐(๐ฅ) = ๐ฅ2
โ 1 . Find,
1. ๐ + ๐ 4.
๐
๐
2. ๐ โ ๐ 5.
๐
๐
3. ๐โ๐
b) Let ๐(๐ฅ) = ๐ฅ2
โ 1 and ๐(๐ฅ) =
1
๐ฅ
, find
1. ๐ โ ๐ (๐ฅ)
2. ๐ โ ๐(โ1)
3. ๐ โ ๐(๐ฅ)
30. 26
4. ๐ โ ๐(5)
c) Evaluate the following composition of functions.
Given :
๐(๐ฅ) = 2๐ฅ + 1
๐(๐ฅ) = 5๐ฅ2
โ(๐ฅ) = ๐ฅ + 3
1. (๐ โ ๐)(๐ฅ)
2. (๐ โ ๐)(๐ฅ)
3. (โ โ ๐)(๐ฅ)
4. (๐ โ โ)(๐ฅ)
d) Suppose that ๐(๐ฅ) = ๐ฅ denotes the number of bags sold by a shop, and the
selling price per bag is given by ๐(๐ฅ) = 320 โ 8๐ฅ, for 0 โค ๐ฅ โค 10. Suppose
further that the cost of producing x bags is given by ๐ถ(๐ฅ) = 200๐ฅ. Find
1. (๐ โ ๐)(๐ฅ) and
2. (๐ โ ๐ โ ๐ถ)(๐ฅ).
What do these functions represent?
Application
Let x represent the regular price of a book.
1. Give a function ๐ that represents the price of the book if a P100 price
reduction applies.
2. Give a function ๐ that represents the price of the book if a 10% discount
applies.
3. Compute (๐ โ ๐)(๐ฅ) and (๐ โ ๐)(๐ฅ). Describe what these mean. Which of
these give a better deal for the customer?
Process questions:
1. What information would help you solve the given problem?
2. What property can be used to solve the problem and why?
3. Show your solution and justification.
4. How can challenging problems involving functions be analyzed and solved?
Answer key on page 31
31. 27
Generalization
You encountered a lot of concepts related to functions. Now itโs time to pause for
a while and reflect to your learning process by doing the 3-2-1 Chart.
Let us summarizeโฆ
Key Concepts
๏ท A function is a set of ordered pairs (x,y) such that no two ordered pairs have
the same x-value but different y-values. Using functional notation, we can
write f(x) = y, read as โf of x is equal to y.โ
๏ท A function can be presented in the following ways: as a set of ordered pairs,
as a rule or equation, as a table of values, as a mapping diagram (one -to-
one, many-to-one), and through graphs.
๏ท To check whether a graph represents a function, the vertical-line test is
applied.
๏ท A piece-wise function is a function that contains several expressions
depending on restrictions of values the unknown variable will take on in a
certain situation
What are the 3 most important things you learned?
What are the two things you are not sure about?
What is 1 thing you want to clarify immediately?
32. 28
๏ท To evaluate a function means to substitute/replace the variable with a given
value or an expression. f(a) denotes that f will be computed by replacing all
the variables in the functions with a.
๏ท Operations on functions is denoted by the following:
Let f and g be functions.
Their sum, denoted by f + g, is the function denoted by
(๐ + ๐)(๐ฅ) = ๐(๐ฅ) + ๐(๐ฅ).
Their difference, denoted by f - g, is the function denoted by
(๐ โ ๐)(๐ฅ) = ๐(๐ฅ) โ ๐(๐ฅ). .
Their product, denoted by ๐ ๏ท ๐, is the function denoted by
(๐๏ท๐)(๐ฅ) = ๐(๐ฅ)๏ท (๐ฅ).
Their quotient, denoted by f รทg, is the function denoted by
(๐ รท ๐)(๐ฅ) =
๐(๐ฅ)
๐(๐ฅ)
, excluding the values of x where g(x)=0.
๏ท The composition of the function โ ๐ ๐๐ ๐ โ is defined as follows:
(๐ ๏ฏ ๐)(๐ฅ) = ๐(๐(๐ฅ)). This means that ๐(๐ฅ) is composed of the function
๐(๐ฅ). In other words, the variable ๐ฅ in ๐(๐ฅ) will take on the value of ๐(๐ฅ).
๏ท In solving composite functions, it is important to apply the GEMDAS principle.
๏ท Real-life problems/scenarios could be represented by functions.
POSTTEST
Let us check how much you have learned about functions.
Direction: Choose the letter of the best answer and write this on your answer sheet.
1. Given ๐(๐ฅ) = 2๐ฅ โ 5 & ๐(๐ฅ) = 3๐ฅ + 4, solve for ๐ โ ๐(๐ฅ).
a. 11 โ 6๐ฅ c. 6๐ฅ โ 11
b. 6๐ฅ2
โ 7๐ฅ โ 20 d. 6๐ฅ2
โ 23๐ฅ โ 20
2. Given ๐ฆ = 3๐ฅ + 7, what is ๐(โ2)?
a. 1 c. -13
b. -1 d. 13
3. The composite function denoted by ๐ โ ๐ is defined by.
a. ๐ โ ๐(๐ฅ) = ๐(๐(๐ฅ)) c. ๐ โ ๐(๐ฅ) = ๐(๐ฅ)โ๐(๐ฅ)
b. ๐ โ ๐(๐ฅ) = ๐(๐(๐ฅ)) d. ๐ โ ๐(๐ฅ) = ๐(๐ฅ)โ๐(๐ฅ)
4. It is a set of ordered pairs (๐ฅ, ๐ฆ) such that no two ordered pairs have the same x-
value but different y-values?
33. 29
a. relation c. domain
b. function d. range
5. What is the domain of the equation, ๐ฆ = 3๐ฅ2
โ 4๐ฅ?
a. {๐: ๐ โ ๐น, ๐ < โ๐} c. {๐: ๐ โ ๐น}
b. {๐: ๐ โ ๐น, ๐ โ ๐} d. {๐: ๐ โ ๐น, ๐ โฅ ๐}
6. Given ๐(๐ฅ) = 2๐ฅ โ 5 & ๐(๐ฅ) = 3๐ฅ + 4, solve for ๐โ๐(๐ฅ)
a. 6๐ฅ2
+ 23๐ฅ โ 20 c. 6๐ฅ2
โ 20
b. 6๐ฅ2
โ 23๐ฅ โ 20 d. 6๐ฅ2
โ 7๐ฅ โ 20
7. If ๐(๐ฅ) = ๐ฅ + 7 & ๐(๐ฅ) = 2๐ฅ โ 3, what is ๐ โ ๐(๐ฅ)
a. โ๐ฅ + 4 c. ๐ฅ โ 4
b. 10 โ ๐ฅ d. 10 + 3๐ฅ
8. To divide two fractions or rational expressions, multiply the dividend with the
________ of the divisor.
a. reciprocal c. abscissa
b. addend d. Theorem
9. The ___ of a relation is the set of all possible values that the variable x can take.
a. domain c. equation
b. range d. function
10.Which of the following set of ordered pairs in NOT a function?
a. (1,2), (2,3), (3,4), (4,5) c. (1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (4, 4)
b. (1,2), (1,3), (3,6), (4,8 d. (3, 2), (4, 2), (5, 2), (6, 2)
11.A graph represents a function if and only if each vertical line intersects the graph
at most _____.
a. once c. twice
b. thrice d. all of the these
12.What is the domain of the function ๐ฆ = โ๐ฅ โ 5 ?
a. {๐ฅ: ๐ฅ โ ๐ , ๐ฅ โฅ โ5} c. {๐ฅ: ๐ฅ โ ๐ , ๐ฅ โฅ 5}
b. {๐ฅ: ๐ฅ โ ๐ , ๐ฅ โค โ5} d. {๐ฅ: ๐ฅ โ ๐ , ๐ฅ โค 5}
13.The composite function denoted by ๐ โ ๐ is defined by ___________.
a. ๐ โ ๐ (๐ฅ) = ๐(๐ฅ) c. ๐ โ ๐ (๐ฅ) = ๐(๐(๐ฅ))
b. ๐ โ ๐ (๐ฅ) = ๐(๐(๐ฅ)) d. ๐ โ ๐ (๐ฅ) = ๐(๐ฅ)
14.Given ๐(๐ฅ) = 4๐ฅ2
โ 3๐ฅ, what is ๐(โ2)?
a. โ22 c. 22
b. โ10 d. 10
15.The quotient, denoted by
๐
๐
, is the function denoted by (
๐
๐
) (๐ฅ) =
๐(๐ฅ)
๐(๐ฅ)
,
34. 30
excluding the values of x where ๐(๐ฅ) = _________.
a. 0 c. 1
b. Both a and c d. None of these
ANSWER KEY
PRETEST
1) C 6) D 11) A
2) A 7) B 12) C
3) A 8) A 13) B
4) B 9) A 14) C
5) C 10) B 15) A
Activity 1:
1. All real numbers, except 2 & 4
2. Solution.
C. All diagrams, except for C, represent a function
3. {๐: ๐ โ ๐ , ๐ < 7}
4. ๐(๐ธ) = 600๐
5. ๐ถ(๐) = 40 + 3.50๐
Activity 2
a. Item
5. ๐(๐ฅ) = ๐ฅ3
โ 64 = (โ3)3
โ 64 = โ27 โ 64 = 91
6. ๐(๐ฅ) = |๐ฅ3
โ 3๐ฅ2
+ 3๐ฅ โ 1| = 64
7. ๐(๐ฅ) = โ3 โ 2๐ฅ = 3
8. ๐(๐ฅ) =
3๐ฅ+1
๐ฅ2+7๐ฅ+10
= 4
b. Given ๐(๐ฅ) = ๐ฅ2
โ 4๐ฅ + 4, solve for:
3. ๐(3) = 1
4. ๐(๐ฅ + 3) = ๐ฅ2
+ 2๐ฅ + 1
c. A computer shop charges P20.00 per hour (or a fraction of an hour) for the
first two hours and an additional P10.00 per hour for each succeeding hour.
Find how much you would pay if you used one of their computers for:
2) 40 minutes =
20
3
= 6.67 Pesos
35. 31
3) 3 hours = 30 Pesos
4) 150 minutes = 25 Pesos
Activity 3
e) Let f and g be defined as ๐(๐ฅ) = ๐ฅ โ 5 and ๐(๐ฅ) = ๐ฅ2
โ 1 . Find,
1. ๐ + ๐ = ๐ฅ2
+ ๐ฅ โ 6 4.
๐
๐
=
๐ฅโ5
๐ฅ2โ1
4. ๐ โ ๐ = โ๐ฅ2
+ ๐ฅ โ 4 5.
๐
๐
=
๐ฅ2โ1
๐ฅโ5
5. ๐โ๐ = ๐ฅ3
โ 5๐ฅ2
โ ๐ฅ + 5
f) Let ๐(๐ฅ) = ๐ฅ2
โ 1 and ๐(๐ฅ) =
1
๐ฅ
, find
5. ๐ โ ๐ (๐ฅ) =
1โ๐ฅ2
๐ฅ2
6. ๐ โ ๐(โ1) =
1
2
7. ๐ โ ๐(๐ฅ) = ๐ฅ4
โ 2๐ฅ2
8. ๐ โ ๐(5) = 5
g) (๐ฅ) = 2๐ฅ + 1 ; ๐(๐ฅ) = 5๐ฅ2
; โ(๐ฅ) = ๐ฅ + 3
1. ( ๐ โ ๐ ) ( ๐ฅ ) = 2( 5๐ฅ2
) + 1
= 10๐ฅ2
+ 1
2. ( ๐ โ ๐ ) ( ๐ฅ ) = 5(2๐ฅ + 1 )2
= 20๐ฅ2
+ 20๐ฅ + 5
3. ( โ โ ๐ ) ( ๐ฅ ) = (5๐ฅ2
) + 3
4. ( ๐ โ โ ) ( ๐ฅ ) = 2 (๐ฅ + 3) + 1
= 2๐ฅ + 7
h) Suppose that ๐(๐ฅ) = ๐ฅ denotes the number of bags sold by a shop, and the selling
price per bag is given by ๐(๐ฅ) = 320 โ 8๐ฅ, for 0 โค ๐ฅ โค 10. Suppose further that
the cost of producing x bags is given by ๐ถ(๐ฅ) = 200๐ฅ. Find
3. (๐ โ ๐)(๐ฅ) = 320๐ฅ โ 8๐ฅ2
โ Gross value
4. (๐ โ ๐ โ ๐ถ)(๐ฅ) = 120๐ฅ โ 8๐ฅ2
โ Net value
POSTTEST
1) C 6) D 11) A
2) A 7) B 12) C
3) A 8) A 13) B
4) B 9) A 14) C
5) C 10) B 15) A
36. 32
REFERENCES
General Mathematics pg. 1-20
Department of Education Teachers Materials
Math is Fun
https://www.mathsisfun.com/algebra/functions-evaluating.html
Ronie Banan, June 30, 2018
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lIbAiPUrtvQ
MathEase, September 1, 2014
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tAoe4xjUZQk
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Division of Misamis Oriental
Don Apolinar Velez St., Cagayan de Oro City 9000
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Misamis.oriental@deped.gov.ph