1. The national pledge "India is my country and all Indians are my brothers and sisters" was originally written in Telugu by Pydimarri Venkata Subba Rao, a writer, naturopath, and bureaucrat from Visakhapatnam, India in 1962.
2. He presented the pledge to a local leader who forwarded it to the then Education Minister, who directed all schools in the district to have students recite it.
3. The pledge was later adopted nationally, translated into seven languages, and directed to be recited daily by students across India. However, the original Telugu author is now largely forgotten.
Hello Friends,
I have made this PPT on Republic Day in India.I have mentioned each and everything based on it. So, you can refer it for your projects given to you at your schools.
Thanks!
Hello Friends,
I have made this PPT on Republic Day in India.I have mentioned each and everything based on it. So, you can refer it for your projects given to you at your schools.
Thanks!
National Flag Adoption Day is Celebrated all over the country on 22nd July of every Year on the memory of Indian national flag adopted on july 22nd by Sri.Pingali Venkaiah which is the present national flag of India.
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Proud India - National symbols of India .pptxssuserf4b378
national symbols of India topic is very useful for primary and middle level school students and for those who wants to know about India. contains varies important and fantastic facts about India useful for everyone
The National Flag of India was taken on in its current structure during an impromptu gathering of the Constituent Get together hung on the 22 July 1947, a couple of days before India's freedom from the English on the 15 August 1947.
Students of Class VA of Birla High School has compiled the evolution of our Tricolour for their Global exchange Project entitled The National Identity behind the Flag
National Flag Adoption Day is Celebrated all over the country on 22nd July of every Year on the memory of Indian national flag adopted on july 22nd by Sri.Pingali Venkaiah which is the present national flag of India.
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Proud India - National symbols of India .pptxssuserf4b378
national symbols of India topic is very useful for primary and middle level school students and for those who wants to know about India. contains varies important and fantastic facts about India useful for everyone
The National Flag of India was taken on in its current structure during an impromptu gathering of the Constituent Get together hung on the 22 July 1947, a couple of days before India's freedom from the English on the 15 August 1947.
Students of Class VA of Birla High School has compiled the evolution of our Tricolour for their Global exchange Project entitled The National Identity behind the Flag
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
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Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
3. National Flag : Tiranga
Horizontally striped deep saffron (muted orange)–white–
green national flag with a 24-spoked blue chakra (wheel)
in the centre. The flag’s width-to-length ratio is 2 to 3.
4. ## In 1921 a student named Pingali (or Pinglay) Venkayya presented a flag design to Gandhi that consisted of the
colours associated with the two principal religions, red for the Hindus and green for the Muslims.
##To the centre of the horizontally divided flag, Lala Hans Raj Sondhi suggested the addition of the traditional
spinning wheel, which was associated with Gandhi’s crusade to make Indians self-reliant by fabricating their own
clothing from local fibres.
## Gandhi modified the flag by adding a white stripe in the centre for the other religious communities in India, thus
also providing a clearly visible background for the spinning wheel.
##In May 1923 at Nagpur, during peaceful protests against British rule, the flag was carried by thousands of people,
hundreds of whom were arrested.
##The Congress flag came to be associated with nationhood for India, and it was officially recognized at the annual
meeting of the party in August 1931.
##At the same time, the current arrangement of stripes and the use of deep saffron instead of red were approved.
5. ## To avoid the sectarian associations of the original proposal, new attributions were associated with the saffron,
white, and green stripes. They were said to stand for, respectively, courage and sacrifice, peace and truth, and faith
and chivalry.
## During World War II Subhas Chandra Bose used this flag (without the spinning wheel) in territories his Japanese-
aided army had captured.
## After the war Britain agreed to consider freedom for India, although the country was divided and a Muslim-
dominated Pakistan was given separate statehood.
##On July 22, 1947, the Indian national flag was officially hoisted. Its stripes remained the same saffron-white-green,
but the spinning wheel was replaced by a blue chakra—the Dharma Chakra (“Wheel of the Law”).
##The Dharma Chakra, which was associated with the emperor Ashoka in the 3rd century BCE, appeared on pillars
erected throughout the Mauryan empire during the first serious attempt to unite all of India under a single
government.
##The 1947 flag continues to be used by India, although special versions have been developed for ships registered in
the country.
6. ## While an Indian flag was reportedly
designed by Sister Nivedita, an Irish disciple
of Swami Vivekananda, between 1904-
1906, arguably the first national flag of India
is said to have been hoisted on August 7, 1906,
in Kolkata at the Parsee Bagan Square (Green
Park).
##It comprised three horizontal strips of red,
yellow and green, with Vande Mataram written
in the middle.
## Believed to have been designed by freedom
activists Sachindra Prasad Bose
and Hemchandra Kanungo, the red strip on the
flag had symbols of the sun and a crescent
moon, and the green strip had eight half-open
lotuses.
7. Flag of freedom
fight – 1857
Flag of ‘Bhagini
(Sister) Nivedita
– 1905
Unofficial flag of India in
1906
The Berlin committee
flag, first raised by
Bhikaiji Cama in 1907
The flag used
during the Home
Rule movement
in 1917
The flag unofficially
adopted in 1921
The flag adopted
in 1931. This flag
was also the
battle ensign of
the Indian
National Army
Flag of Azad Hind Sena
8. Colours of the Flag
In the national flag of India the top band is of Saffron colour, indicating the strength and courage
of the country. The white middle band indicates peace and truth with Dharma Chakra. The last
band is green in colour shows the fertility, growth and auspiciousness of the land.
The Chakra
This Dharma Chakra depicted the “wheel of the law” in the Sarnath Lion Capital made by the 3rd-
century BC Mauryan Emperor Ashoka. The chakra intends to show that there is life in movement
and death in stagnation.
9. Designer of the Indian National Flag
Pingali Venkayya, a fervent freedom fighter and the designer of the flag on
which the Indian national flag was based, was born on 2 August, 1876. He was
born at Bhatlapenumarru, near Masulipatnam, in what is now the Indian state
of Andhra Pradesh.
Various so-called national flags had been used by members of the Indian
independence movement prior to independence being achieved in 1947.
Venkayya’s version was first designed for the Indian National Congress and
subsequently modified in 1947.
According to The Hindu, “Pingali Venkayya was an authority in geology,
agriculture and also an educationist who set up an educational institution
in Machilipatnam.
He, however, died in poverty in 1963 and was largely forgotten by the society
and by his own party, the Congress.” Pingali Venkayya was honoured with a
postage stamp in 2009 for his contribution towards Indian freedom struggle and
in 2011 it was proposed that he be posthumously awarded the Bharat Ratna.
10. National Emblem
Representative of: The Republic of India
Based on: The Lion Capital of the Ashoka Pillar in Sarnath, Uttar Pradesh
Motto: Satyameva Jayate/ Truth Alone Triumphs
Adopted by: Madhav Sawhney
Adopted on: January 26, 1950
Four different animals: – Asiatic Lion, Elephant, Bull, and Horse
The numbers are:
Four Asiatic Lions and one each of Elephant, Horse, and a Bull
Dinanath Bhargava sketched and illuminated
India’s National Emblem
ASHOK CHAKRA - It is a symbol of Buddhist Dharmachakra, represented with 24 spokes
Slogan ‘Satyameva Jayate’ is a quote from the Mundaka Upanishad, the closing part of the holy Hindu Vedas.
1.The Ashoka pillar, erected by Emperor Ashoka, has four lions seated back to back which imply power, courage,
confidence and pride.
2.Other animals demonstrated on the pillar are horse, bull, elephant, and lion.
3.The elephant denotes Buddha’s outset (the dream of a white elephant entering her womb dreamt by Buddha’s
mother at the time of Buddha’s conception).
4.The bull symbolizes Zodiac sign of Buddha- Taurus.
5.The horse signifies Buddha’s horse, which he rode at the time of departing from the citadel.
6.The lion indicates enlightenment.
11. Dinanath Bhargava, who died at the age of 89 in Indore, is the man who
sketched and illuminated India’s national emblem, the Lion Capital of Ashoka.
His work also adorns the front pages of the original manuscript of the Indian
Constitution.
Born on November 1, 1927, Dinanath Bhargava belonged to the small town of Multai
in Betul district of Madhya Pradesh. When India gained independence in 1947, he
was in his early 20s and was pursuing 3-year Diploma in Fine Arts at Shantiniketan.
It was at Shantiniketan that he first met the noted painter, Nandlal Bose (then the
Principal of Kala Bhavan Shanti Niketan). Impressed by Bhargava’s talent, Bose
handpicked him as a member of the group responsible for designing the pages of the
Indian Constitution’s manuscript.
It was not an easy task. Bose was very particular about wanting the lions in the emblem to
look exactly like the live ones. For about a month, every day, Bhargava commuted from
Shantiniketan to the Kolkata zoo (about 100 km away), just to study the live lions, their
mannerisms, countenance, body language etc.
It was only after Nandlal Bose was satisfied with his initial sketches that he gave Bhargava
the big task: Designing the emblem for the first page of the Constitution. On 26 January
1950, India adopted Bhargava’s design, the Lion Capital of Ashoka, as the national
emblem.
12. The national anthem of India is
derived from Rabindranath
Tagore's poem Bharot Bhagyo
Bidhata
Rendered in the prescribed metre, it takes exactly 52 seconds to sing the Indian anthem, Jana Gana Mana. The lyrics
derive from the first stanza of Rabindranath Tagore's five-stanza poem Bharot Bhagyo Bidhata, or "Dispenser
of India's destiny".
The anthem opens with an exaltation of the Almighty, who guides the country’s destiny:
Jana-gana-mana-adhinayaka jaya he, Bharata-bhagya-vidhata
Or, in English:
You, the ruler of our minds, our nation, To you our humble salutations!
The poem then begins a virtual tour of pre-independence India, beginning in the north and circling west, mentioning
the regions of Punjab, Sindh, Gujarat, Maharashtra, the southern states speaking Dravidian languages, and
Odisha and Bengal:
Punjaba-Sindh-Gujarat-Maratha, Dravida-Utkala-Banga
Tagore refers to features of physical geography as well: the Vindhya and Himalaya mountain ranges and the Yamuna
and Ganges rivers. The Almighty’s name, the anthem says, swells and animates this land. In the final part, Tagore
provides a refrain:
Taba Subha name jage, taba subha ashisha maange,gahe taba jaya-gatha.
Jana-gana-mangala-dayaka jaya he Bharata-bhagya-vidhata.
Jaya he, Jaya he, Jaya he, jaya jaya jaya jaya he.
Or, in English:
13. National Song
Title: Vande Mataram
Written by: Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay
Featured in: Anadamath
Written on: November 7, 1875
Published on: 1882
Music by: Jadunath Bhattacharya
Raga: Desh
Language: Sanskrit
Translated to English by: Sri Aurobindo
Ghosh
First publication of translated version
on: November 20, 1909
First Performed on: 1896
First Performed by: Rabindranath Tagore
Adopted on: January 24, 1950
14. The National Pledge – India is my country and all
Indians are my brothers and sisters – was originally
written in Telugu 50 years ago
The National Pledge that the students read out everyday
in their school assembly – India is my country and all
Indians are my brothers and sisters – was originally
written in Telugu 60 years ago and in this city.
The author of the pledge was a well-known writer in Telugu, a naturopathy doctor and a bureaucrat – Pydimarri
Venkata Subba Rao. When he was the District Treasury Officer of Visakhapatnam District in 1962 he wrote the
pledge and presented it to senior leader Tenneti Viswanadam who forwarded it to the then Education Minister P.V.G.
Raju, president of Uttarandhra Rakshana Vedika S.S. Shiva Kumar told the media quoting Subba Rao’s son P.
Subrahmanyam.
The then Education Minister is reported to have directed all the schools in the district to have the students take the
pledge. The pledge was then taken up at the National level and the Government of India had it translated into seven
languages and directed that the students of all the schools in the country be asked to take it every day.
The records of the Union Human Resources Development Ministry show Pydimarri Venkata Subba Rao as the author
of the national pledge, but he is forgotten in the State and the place it was born, Shiva Shankar lamented. While
adapting it for schools the Government simplified the language, he said. The family of Subba Rao, who are settled in
Nalgonda, have documentary evidence of the authorship, he added.