ENVIRONMENTAL LAW ppt on laws of environmental law
Gem ppt-2-solar energy
1. From Darkness
to Light
SOLAR
POWER – A
FREE GIFT
FROM
NATURE!
PPT-2
Green Earth Movement
An E-Newsletter for the cause of Environment, Peace, Harmony and Justice
Remember - “you and I can decide the future”
2. What is Solar Power?
Solar power is energy from the sun, and without its presence all
life on earth would end. Solar energy has been looked upon as
a serious source of energy for many years because of the vast
amounts of energy that are made freely available, if harnessed
by modern technology.
A simple example of the power of the sun can be seen by using
a magnifying glass to focus the sun’s rays on a piece of paper.
Before long the paper ignites into flames.
3. Uses of Solar Energy
We have always used solar energy as far back as humans have
existed on this planet. We know today, that there are multiple uses
of solar energy. We use the solar energy every day in many
different ways. When we hang laundry outside to dry in the sun,
we are using the solar heat to do work, drying our clothes. Plants
use the solar light to make food. Animals eat plants for food. And
as we learned, decaying plants hundreds of millions of years ago
produced the coal, oil and natural gas that we use today.
4. METHODS TO HARNESS SOLAR
ENERGY
Very often there is confusion about the various methods used to
harness solar energy.
Energy from the sun can be categorized in two ways:
METHOD 1: IN THE FORM OF HEAT (OR
THERMAL ENERGY)
5. METHOD 2: IN THE FORM OF LIGHT
ENERGY
Light energy can be
defined as The
electromagnetic radiation
of visible light. Since light
Itself is energy, then
another definition is relevant:
light is nature’s way of transferring
Energy
6. HOW TO COLLECT THE
ENERGY FROM THE
SUN?
Solar thermal technologies uses
the solar heat energy to heat
substances (such as water or air)
for applications such as space
heating, pool heating and water
heating for homes and
businesses. There are a variety of
products on the market that uses
solar thermal energy. Often the
products used for this application
are called solar thermal collectors
7. CONVERTING SOLAR
ENERGY INTO
ELECTRICAL ENERGY
The solar heat can also be used
to produce electricity on a large
utility-scale by converting the
Solar Energy into mechanical
energy. So, fossil fuels is actually
solar energy stored millions and
millions of years ago. Indirectly, the sun or other are
responsible for all our energy. Even nuclear energy
comes
from a star because the uranium atoms used in nuclear
energy were created in the fury of a nova - a star
8. 1. RESIDENTIAL
The number of PV installations on
buildings connected to the electricity
grid has grown in recent years.
Government subsidy programs
(particularly in Germany and Japan)
and Green pricing policies of utilities or electricity service
providers have stimulated demand. Demand is also
driven by the desire of individuals or companies to
obtain their electricity from a clean, non-polluting,
renewable source. These consumers are usually willing
to pay only a small premium for renewable energy.
Increasingly, the incentive is an attractive financial return
on the investment through the sale of solar electricity at
premium feed-in tariff rates.
USES OF SOLAR ENERGY
9. 2. COMMERCIAL
On an office building, roof areas can be
covered with glass PV modules, which
can be semi-transparent to provide
shaded light. On a factory or warehouse,
large roof areas are the best location for
solar modules. If the roof is flat, then arrays can be mounted
using
techniques that do not breach the weatherproofed roof
membrane. Also, skylights can be partially covered with PV.
The vertical walls of office buildings provide several
opportunities for PV incorporation, as well as sunshades or
balconies incorporating a PV system. Sunshades may have
the PV system mounted externally to the building, or have
PV cells specially mounted between glass sheets comprising
the window.
10. 3. INDUSTRIAL
For many years, solar energy has been the power supply choice for
industrial applications, especially where power is required at remote
locations. Because solar systems are highly reliable and require little
maintenance, they are ideal in distant or isolated places. Solar energy is
also frequently used for transportation signaling, such as offshore
navigation buoys, lighthouses, aircraft warning light structures, and
increasingly in road traffic warning signals. Solar is used to power
environmental monitoring equipment and corrosion protection systems for
pipelines, well-heads, bridges, and other structures. For larger electrical
loads, it can be cost-effective to configure a hybrid power system that links
the PV with a small diesel generator.
11. 4. REMOTE APPLICATION
Remote buildings, such as schools,
Community halls, and clinics, can benefit
from solar energy. In developing regions,
central power plants can provide electricity
to homes via a local wired network, or act as a battery charging station
Where members of the community can bring batteries to be recharged.
(e.g. of Indian Oil Solar lantern ref. next 2 slides) PV systems can be
used to pump water in remote areas as part of a portable water supply
system. Specialized solar water pumps are designed for submersible
use or to float on open water. Large-scale desalination plants can also
be PV powered using an array of PV modules with battery storage. PV
systems are sometimes best configured with a small diesel generator in
order to meet heavy power requirements in off-grid locations. With a
small diesel generator, the PV system does not have to be sized to cope
with the worst sunlight conditions during the year. The diesel generator
can provide back-up power that is minimized during the sunniest part of
the year by the PV system. This keeps fuel and maintenance costs low.
13. Solar Charging Station (SCS)
Customers pay rent for lantern & a fee for
charging lantern on a daily/monthly basis
►Every evening, customers bring the discharged
lantern and take a
charged lantern with
them
► Alternatively, the
charging station owner
arranges for delivery &
collection of lanterns
14. Solar power use:
Top 10 countries
Modern times. With pollution breathing
Heavy on the present civilisation, it just
cannot do without wind and solar energy. Countries across the
world have geared up to develop alternative energy sources for
better living. India is densely populated and has high solar
insolation, an ideal combination for using solar power. However,
on the world map, India lags far behind other countries as far as
generation of solar power is concerned, although the country has
made significant progress in wind energy generation. In July
2009, India unveiled a $19-billion plan to produce 20 GW of solar
power by 2020. Under the plan, the use of solar-powered
equipment and applications would be made compulsory in all
government buildings, as well as hospitals and hotels.
Let us take a look at the top 10 countries using solar power:
15. 1. Germany
Total use: 10,000 megawatts
Germany is the world leader in solar energy. Germany
is expected to stay the top buyer of solar panels
through 2011. Germany has a goal of 100 per cent
renewable energy by 2050. In 2009 alone, Germany
installed 3,806 megawatts of photovoltaics solar energy
capacity, which is more than Spain's total capacity and almost eight
times more than what the US installed recently.
2. Spain
Total use: 3,500 MW
Spain was the world leader in newly installed PV solar energy (2,605
MW) in 2008 but its new installed capacity decreased tremendously (to
just 69 MW) in 2009. The reasons for this drop are attributed to
complexity and delays related to a new government subsidy programme
and a decrease in energy demand due to the economic crisis. With
expectations that both of these will improve in and considering its
excellent sun irradiation and PV potential, Spain is expected to bump up
16. 3. Japan
Total use: 2,700 MW
Japan has high national solar energy goal's to achieve 28 GW by 2020
and 53 GW by 2030. Japan invested $9 billion in stimulus money in
solar energy in 2009, and the prime minister also announced a plan to
install solar power at 32,000 public schools that year.
4. United States
Total use: 1,800 MW
Supportive state-level policies are a major driver
of growth of solar energy in the US. With many
large ground-mounted solar projects in the
pipeline, installed capacity in the US is expected to grow significantly in
coming years. The cap on the federal solar tax credit was lifted in 2009,
promoting growth in this industry.
5. Italy - Total use: 1,300 MW
In 2009, Italy had experienced the second-largest solar energy growth in
the world. Every two months, Italians install more solar power than
California does in an entire year.
17. 6. Czech Republic - Total use: 600 MW
A generous FiT and simple administrative procedures have put the Czech
Republic on this list. The market growth has probably boomed
unsustainably, however, and if appropriate policies aren't put in place to
slow it, the nascent solar bubble is expected to bust in the coming years.
7. Belgium - Total use: 450 MW
Belgium is a bit of a 2011 solar energy surprise. Belgium's success was
from 'a well-designed Green Certificates scheme (which actually works as a
Feed-in Tariff), combined with additional tax rebates and electricity self-
consumption.'
8. China - Total use: 400 MW
China gets a lot of attention these days for its clean energy push, and for
good reason. China is a major solar panel manufacturer but hasn't installed
a ton of PV itself yet. However, it now has 12 Gigawatts of large projects in
the pipeline and if those projects are implemented China is expected to
jump closer to the top of the list. According to China's national energy plan,
it is expected to reach a total of 20 GW by 2020. According to a recent PTI
report, China is marching well ahead of all of them when it comes to
capturing the solar market. China's solar energy budget still stands roughly
20 times larger than America's investment in the same period, Jonathan
Silver, executive director, Department of Energy told US lawmakers
18. 9. France - Total use: 350 MW
France has a well-designed FiT for building-integrated photovoltaics, so
BIPV dominates the market there. They've put protections in place to
help avoid abuse of the system, and may revise the tariffs to accompany
price speculations. One key issue of concern in France is that although
many MW of solar energy have been installed, a lot of them have not
been connected to the grid. In 2009, 285 MW of capacity was installed
but only 185 MW connected to the grid. This is a major issue that needs
to be resolved.
10. India - Total use: 200 MW
India has fast-increasing electricity demand and
it has very high sun irradiation levels. Its
government has also been moving forward
strongly on clean energy. The country has a
goal to reach 20 GW by 2020 as well.
India could quickly rise higher on this list with
proper government strategies.
19. SOME OF THE SOLAR PANEL DEALERS,
MUMBAI
(list not exhaustive)
Sanjay Marketing Company
Gala No 201 Rajasthan Industrial Estate Pathan Wala Compound, Opp
Shreyas Cinema, Lbs Marg, Ghatkopar West, Mumbai – 400084 – Tel:
+(91)-22-61614129
J & J Solar Systems
S-005 Ecopark Chs, Near Borosill, Marol Military Road, Andheri
East, Mumbai – 400059, Tel: +(91)-22-61637358
Twincity Sunlife PVT LTD
2/22, Evergreen Industrial Estate, Shakti Mill Compound, Near Famous
Studio, Mahalaxmi, Mumbai - 400011, Tel: +(91)-22-61612058
Entegra Limited
K G Marg, Delhi-110001, Tel: +(91)-(11)-43588640, 43588641
Solar India Inc
1/2,Apolla Arcade, Old Palasia Road, Old Palasia, Indore - 452001 (Also
serves Mumbai), Tel: +(91)-(731)-2560554
Solar Spectrum Energy Systems : Nerul, Navi Mumbai-400706
Ultimate Natural Resources : Thane West, Thane-400601
20. When selecting a solar contractor here are some key things to
look for:
1.General Experience - How many years experience does the company have in
installing renewable solar energy systems. Solar is a growing area and many
contractors have limited track records.
2.Local Experience - Has the contractor done solar homes in your local
area. The closer the better. See if any of those homes might allow you to talk to
the owner.
3.Licensing - Is the contractor licensed in your county and are they familiar with
state and local building regulations that impact solar installations.
4.Certifications - Does the contractor have any specific manufacturer or industry
certifications.
5.References - References are invaluable, particularly if they reflect local work
that is similar to what you plan to do. Don't rely just on written references
because too often these might be from family or friends. Get references you
can call and then don't be shy about calling. That is often the best way to get
the real scoop on a contractor.
6.Knowledge of Incentives - Most states and some local governments provide a
number of financial incentives for solar systems. These can make a huge
difference in the cost of your solar energy system. Find out if the contractor you
are considering is familiar with these incentives. Moreover, find out if they will
apply for the financial incentives for you as part of their package.
7.Warranties - The best contractors warranty their work. When comparing
21. Solar Energy is widely viewed
as a ray of hope in a world that
is being rapidly degraded by
pollution and deforestation.
Tapping energy provided by the
sun, Tata BP Solar has been
showing the way with a range of
non-polluting, environment-
friendly technologies and
systems that offer not only
reliable energy, but also hope
for a better future.
The last word on solar power from
the largest solar company in India
78, Electronics City,
Hosur Road,
Bangalore-560 100.
Tel: 080-235 8465 /
852 1016 Fax: 080-852
0972 / 852 0116
Email:
tatabp@tatabp.com
Website:
www.tatabpsolar.com
22. Petroleum Resource will exist till 2020,
Gas Resource till 2050 then What...? Save
Our Nation, Use Freely available Solar
Power....
23. This educational PowerPoint Presentation (editable) is
prepared by GEM Team (courtesy: internet).
For other similar GEM PowerPoint Presentations on
various environmental issues see next slide.
These PPTs may be downloaded from our website
www.infantjesusjogeshwari.in
The GEM PPTs can be creatively used for various
groups like school/college students, NGOs,
government officials, Church groups, SCC groups,
housing society members and so on.
24. 1. Twenty Simple Tips
2. Solar Energy
3. Junk Food
4. Plastic – a boon or bane?
5. Green Passion
6. Zero Garbage
7. Soft drink – A Health Hazard
8. Waste to energy
9. Rain Water Harvesting
10. Eco-friendly Religions
11. Happy Green Diwali
12. Climate Change
13. The future of Biodiversity
14. Genetically Modified Foods
15. Waste Water Treatment
16. Body, Organ, Tissue Donation
17. Organic Farming
18. Waste to cooking gas
19. Reduce, Reuse, Recycle
20. Protect Mangroves
21. Say NO to Bottled water
22. Save Lakes and Ponds
23. Forests are green lungs
24. Coal Mining and Ecology
25. Sin of Food Waste
26. Climate change and Poverty
27. Stop Water Pollution
28. Carbon Footprints
29. Parks and Open Spaces
30. Rising Sea Levels
31. Laudato Si – Pope’s Encyclical
32. Air Pollution
33. Life Style Changes
34. Laudato Si – Fr Gerard
35. Water Pollution
36. Sand Mining
37. Kids Eco Clubs
38. Water Disaster
