GBIF BIFA mentoring in Los Banos, Philippines for the South-East Asian ASEAN Biodiversity Heritage Parks. With Dr. Yu-Huang Wang, Dr. Po-Jen Chiang, and Guan-Shuo Mai from TaiBIF the GBIF node of Taiwan (Chinese Tapei); and the Biodiversity Informatics team at ASEAN Centre For Biodiversity. http://www.gbif.no/events/2016/gbif-bifa-mentoring.html

2. A data paper is a searchable metadata document,
describing a par2cular dataset or a group of
datasets, published in the form of a peer-reviewed
ar2cle in a scholarly journal.
Slides modified from Dimitri Brosens, data paper workshop in Trondheim October 2015

3. The primary purpose of a data paper is to describe
data and the circumstances of their collec2on,
rather than to report hypotheses and conclusions.
Slides modified from Dimitri Brosens, data paper workshop in Trondheim October 2015

4. A data paper is a mean of bringing credit and
recogni4on to all those involved in data publica2on
and to alert the scien2fic community to the existence
of biodiversity datasets and the value they can bring
to par2cular research projects;
and as a mechanism for quality assessment and
control of data accessible through GBIF and other
networks.
Slides modified from Dimitri Brosens, data paper workshop in Trondheim October 2015

5. What is a dataset?

6. A dataset is understood here as a digital collec2on
of logically connected facts
(observa4ons, descrip4ons or measurements).
Typically structured in tabular form as a set of
records, with each record comprising a set of fields,
and recorded in one or more computer data files
that together comprise a data package.
Penev L, Mietchen D, Chavan V, Hagedorn G, Remsen D, Smith V, ShoPon D (2011). PensoT Data Publishing
Policies and Guidelines for Biodiversity Data. PensoT Publishers, hPp://www.pensoT.net/J_FILES/PensoT_Data_
Publishing_Policies_and_Guidelines.pdf
Slides modified from Dimitri Brosens, data paper workshop in Trondheim October 2015

7. Penev L, Mietchen D, Chavan V, Hagedorn G, Remsen D, Smith V, ShoPon D (2011). PensoT Data Publishing
Policies and Guidelines for Biodiversity Data. PensoT Publishers, hPp://www.pensoT.net/J_FILES/PensoT_Data_
Publishing_Policies_and_Guidelines.pdf
There is a dis2nc2on between ‘sta$c data’
some2mes called ‘dead datasets’ and ‘curated’ data
or ‘living’ datasets.
Slides modified from Dimitri Brosens, data paper workshop in Trondheim October 2015

8. discrete collec2on of data underlying a paper
collec2on of data related to monitoring ac2vi2es
discrete collec2on of data related to distribu4on of species
discrete collec2on of data underlying a specific research
discrete collec2on of data related to a collec4on of specimens
A DATASET CAN BE:
Slides modified from Dimitri Brosens, data paper workshop in Trondheim October 2015

9. a data package is the ‘file’ containing the actual data and
metadata and a descriptor file
GBIF prefers Darwin Core Archives (DwC-A) as a format for publishing Data
Darwin Core Archive (DwC-A) is a Biodiversity informa2cs data standard
that makes use of the Darwin Core terms to produce a single, self-
contained dataset for species occurrence or checklist data. Essen2ally it is
a set of text (CSV) files with a simple descriptor (meta.xml) to inform
others how your files are organized. The format is defined in the Darwin
Core Text Guidelines. It is the preferred format for publishing data to
the GBIF network.
Slides modified from Dimitri Brosens, data paper workshop in Trondheim October 2015

10. Why publish data?

11. data produced using public funds should be regarded as a common good, and
should be openly published and made available for inspec2on, interpreta2on and
re-use by third par2es.
Open data increases transparency and the overall quality of science;
Published datasets can be re-analyzed and verified by others;
Published data can be cited and re-used in the future, either alone or in associa2on
with other data;
Data can be integrated with other datasets across both space and 2me;
Data integra2on increases recogni4on and opportuni4es for
collabora2on;
Slides modified from Dimitri Brosens, data paper workshop in Trondheim October 2015

12. Duplica2on of data-collec2ng efforts and associated costs will be reduced;
Published data can be indexed and made discoverable, browsable and searchable
through internet services (e.g. Web search engines) or more specific infrastructures
(e.g., GBIF for biodiversity data);
Collec2on managers can trace usage and cita4ons of digi2zed data from their
collec2ons;
Data creators, and their ins2tu2ons and funding agencies, can be credited for their
work of data crea2on and publica2on through the conven2onal channels of scholarly
cita2on; priority and authorship is achieved in the same way as with a publica2on of a
research paper;
Open data increases the poten2al for interdisciplinary research, and for re-use
in new contexts not envisaged by the data creator;
Slides modified from Dimitri Brosens, data paper workshop in Trondheim October 2015

13. Datasets and their metadata, and any related Data Papers, may be inter-linked
into Research Objects, to expedite and mutually extend their dissemina2on,
to the benefit of the authors, other scien2sts in their fields, and society at large;
Published data may be structured as‚ Linked Data‘, and so creates new
knowledge
Slides modified from Dimitri Brosens, data paper workshop in Trondheim October 2015

14. • All rights reserved à Data unusable
• Open Data Commons Public Domain Dedica2on and
License (PDDL) – (CC0)
• Crea2ve Commons APribu2on-NoDerivs (CC BY-ND)
• Crea2ve Commons APribu2on-NonCommercial (
CC BY-NC)
• Crea2ve Commons APribu2on-ShareAlike (CC BY-SA)
or Open Data Commons Open Database License
(ODbL)
• Crea2ve Commons APribu2on (CC BY) or Open Data
Commons APribu2on License (ODC-By)
hPp://www.canadensys.net/2012/why-we-should-publish-our-data-under-cc0
WHAT DATA-LICENSE SHOULD I USE?
Slides modified from Dimitri Brosens, data paper workshop in Trondheim October 2015

15. Why publish data
papers?

16. Improve the usability of your published data!
Receive credit through indexing and cita2on of the published paper.
Increase the visibility and credibility of the data resources you publish.
Track more effec2vely the usage and cita2ons of the data you publish.
Receive feedback on your dataset.
Increase your network.
Get more out of you data.
Improve the quality of your dataset.
Slides modified from Dimitri Brosens, data paper workshop in Trondheim October 2015

17. Metadata, literally “data about data” are an essen2al component
of a data management system, describing such aspects as the
“what, where, when, who and how” pertaining to a resource.
In the GBIF context, resources are datasets, loosely defined as
collec2ons of related data, the granularity of which is determined
by the data custodian. Metadata can occur in several levels of
completeness. In general, metadata should allow a prospec2ve end
user of data to:
1. iden2fy/discover its existence,
2. learn how to access or acquire the data,
3. understand its fitness-for-use, and
4. learn how to transfer (obtain a copy of) the data.
5. learn how the data should be used
GBIF (2011). GBIF Metadata Profile, Reference Guide, Feb 2011, (contributed by O Tuama, E., Braak, K., Copenhagen: Global
Biodiversity Informa2on Facility,19 pp. Accessible at hPp://links.gbif.org/gbif_metadata_profile_how-to_en_v1
METADATA
Slides modified from Dimitri Brosens, data paper workshop in Trondheim October 2015

18. GBIF metadata
profile

19. The GBIF Metadata Profile is primarily based on the Ecological Metadata
Language (EML).
The GBIF profile u2lizes a subset of EML and extends it to include addi2onal
requirements that are not accommodated in the EML specifica2on. The
following tables provide short descrip2ons of the profile elements, and where
relevant, links to more complete EML descrip2ons.
- hPp://knb.ecoinforma2cs.org/soTware/eml/
- hPps://knb.ecoinforma2cs.org/#external//emlparser/docs/index.html
The GBIF Metadata Profile (GMP) was developed in order to standardize how
resources get described at the dataset level in the GBIF Data Portal
This profile can be transformed to other common metadata formats such as
the ISO 19139 metadata profile.
The elements used in IPT are a subset of the complete GBIF metadata profile
Slides modified from Dimitri Brosens, data paper workshop in Trondheim October 2015

20. DESCRIBING A DATASET
IPT metadata based on GBIF metadata profile
Slides modified from Dimitri Brosens, data paper workshop in Trondheim October 2015
• Dataset (Resource)
• Project
• People and Organisa2ons
• Keyword Set (General Keywords)
• Coverage
o Taxonomic Coverage
o Geographic Coverage
o Temporal Coverage
• Methods
• Intellectual Property Rights
• Addi2onal Metadata + NCD (Natural Collec2ons
Descrip2ons Data)

21. Element Descrip4on
2tle A descrip2on of the
resource that is being
documented that is long
enough to
differen2ate it from other
similar resources.
descrip2on A brief overview of the
resource that is being
documented.
metadata language The language in which the
metadata document is wriPen.
type The type of resource.
subtype Specimen or observa2ons
BASIC METADATA
Slides modified from Dimitri Brosens, data paper workshop in Trondheim October 2015

22. Element Descrip4on
resource contact The resource contact is the
person or organisa2on that
should be contacted to get
more informa2on about the
resource, that curates the
resource or to whom puta2ve
problems with the resource or
its data should be addressed
resource creator The resource creator is the
person or organisa2on
responsible for the original
crea2on of the resource
content.
metadata provider The metadata provider is the
person or organisa2on
responsible for producing the
resource metadata.
Slides modified from Dimitri Brosens, data paper workshop in Trondheim October 2015

23. Element Descrip4on
geographicDescrip2on short text descrip2on of a
dataset's geographic areal
domain.
westBoundingCoordinate field covering the W margin
of a bounding box.
eastBoundingCoordinate field covering the E margin
of a bounding box.
northBoundingCoordinate field covering the N margin
of a bounding box.
southBoundingCoordinate field covering the S margin
of a bounding box.
descrip2on Short descrip2on of the
geographical coverage
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE
Slides modified from Dimitri Brosens, data paper workshop in Trondheim October 2015

24. TAXONOMIC COVERAGE
Slides modified from Dimitri Brosens, data paper workshop in Trondheim October 2015
Element Descrip4on
Taxonomic coverage
descrip2on
A descrip2on of the range of
taxa addressed in the data set
or collec2on.
Add several taxa
Add Scien2fic Name;
Common Name; Rank
Add taxa in metadata up
to lowest shared rank.
Element Descrip4on
Start date = beginDate
End data = endDate
TEMPORAL COVERAGE

25. hPps://knb.ecoinforma2cs.org/#external//emlparser/docs/eml-2.1.1/./eml-resource.html
Element Descrip4on
Thesaurus/vocabulary n/a
Keyword list Keywords separated by “,”
Element Descrip4on
Resource contact
ASSOCIATED PARTIES
KEYWORDS
Slides modified from Dimitri Brosens, data paper workshop in Trondheim October 2015

26. Element Descrip4on
2tle Title of the project
Personnel first name
role
funding Reference to funding
partners
Study area Descrip2on à geographic coverage
elaborated
Design descrip2on Project abstract & design
PROJECT DATA
Slides modified from Dimitri Brosens, data paper workshop in Trondheim October 2015

27. Element Descrip4on
Study extent Sampling area (specific) and
sampling frequency
Sampling descrip2on
Quality control Valida2on and quality
control ac2ons performed
on the dataset
Step descrip2on Procedures followed to
produce a data object
SAMPLING METHODS
Slides modified from Dimitri Brosens, data paper workshop in Trondheim October 2015

28. Element Descrip4on
Cita2on iden2fier URI or doi
Resource cita2on cita2on
COLLECTION DATA
Element Descrip4on
Collec2on Name
collec2onID
Parent collec2on iden2fier
Preserva2on method
CITATIONS
Slides modified from Dimitri Brosens, data paper workshop in Trondheim October 2015

29. Element Descrip4on
Resource homepage URL
Add new external link
ADDITIONAL METADATA
Element Descrip4on
Hierarchy level dataset
Date published
Purpose (Ra2onale)
License
IP rights
Addi2onal informa2on
EXTERNAL LINKS
Slides modified from Dimitri Brosens, data paper workshop in Trondheim October 2015