The document provides an overview of Voice over IP (VoIP) technology. It discusses how VoIP works by converting analog voice signals to digital format and transmitting the data over the Internet. The key benefits of VoIP include lower costs, improved mobility, and integration of additional communication features. However, VoIP also faces disadvantages such as dependence on internet connectivity and susceptibility to transmission errors and security issues. Overall, VoIP is a growing technology that allows phone calls to be placed over the internet in a cost-effective manner.

1. SEMINAR
ON
Voice Over IP (VoIP): Internet
Telephony
Presented By
KUMAR GAURAV
MMMEC

2. CONTENTS
 Introduction
 Voice Over IP Overview
 VoIP routing scheme
 VoIP Technologies
 VoIP implementation
 Power of VoIP
 Benefits of VoIP
 Disadvantages of VoIP
 Conclusion

3. INTRODUCTION
 Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) is a transmission
technology for delivery of voice communications over IP
networks.
 Internet telephone call are conversion of the analog voice
signal to digital format and compression/translation of the
signal into Internet protocol packets.
 VoIP systems employ session control protocols to control the
set-up and tear-down of calls as well as audio codecs.
 With VoIP, we can make a call from anywhere we have
broadband connectivity.

4. What is VoIP?
Telephone Service as we know it, today…
• Click to edit Master text styles
• Click to edit Master text styles
– Second level
– Second level Telco PSTN,
– Third level
• Fourth level
CO Switch – Third level
– Fifth level
• Fourth level
– Fifth level
Evolution
IP Network
LAN or WAN,
Router
IP Telephone IP Telephone

5. Voice Over IP Overview
VoIP is an emerging technology that allows voice calls to be made over an IP
network. Vendors have been pushing VoIP for a few years, but many potential
customers have been waiting for “better” call quality, or believe that nothing is free.
If applied and configured correctly, a VoIP solution can provide excellent call
quality, and tremendous financial savings to both large and small organizations.
The Key to implementing a successful VoIP solution is to
Identify opportunities that fit.

6. Analog and Digital Voice Circuits
• Analog Circuit
– Referred to as a line
– Unit by which capacity is typically measured
– A residential line or a 1FB (Feature Group - Business)
– Bandwidth is typically between 300 Hz and 3 KHz
– Voice traffic is carried as a waveform
• Digital Circuit
– Analog voice traffic that has been “digitized” (converted to
bits) for ease of transport
– Bandwidth is typically 1.544Mbps
– Voice traffic is carried as a stream of bits

7. Analog to Digital Conversion
Bit 1
Bit 2
Bit 3 8-Bit Sample
@
Bit 4
8 KHz/Sec
Bit 5
*External microphone Analog to Digital Converter Bit 6
in use!
Bit 7
Bit 8
Serial
Transmission
Bit 1 Bit 2 Bit 3 Bit 4 Bit 5 Bit 6 Bit 7 Bit 8
64 Kbps

8. VoIP Voice Protocols
• VoIP uses two common protocols to carry your
voice message
– User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
– Real-Time Protocol (RTP)
IP UDP RTP Data
VoIP Packet

9. VoIP technologies
VoIP is a revolutionary
technology that has the
potential to completely rework H.323
the world's phone systems.
 IMS
Technologies used to implement  SIP
Voice over Internet Protocol  RTP
include:

12. How VoIP Works
EXT 101 places a call to ext 201. PBX A sees ext 201 as the gateway and sends
the call out to the GW. The GW compresses the voice and encapsulates it in an
IP packet and sends it to the destination of the other GW. The GW on LAN B must
strip out the IP, decompress the voice and route it to PBX B.
EXT 101 EXT 201
IP Network
GW router router GW
PBX A PBX B
LAN A LAN B

13. VoIP Application
Branch Office #1, FL
• Allows Toll By-Pass via FR Network
• Local dial tone at remote office PBX
• 3 digit extension dialing between
offices
FR Network
Digital Handsets
Ericsson Webswitch 2000 Branch Office #2, TX
PBX
Main Office, CA
PBX
Digital Handsets
Digital Handsets Frame Relay Connection

14. VoIP Application
Telecommuter
• Toll By-Pass via Internet
PC
• Analog phones appear
as extensions on WS200 Analog Phone
DSLCable WS 100
connection Analog FAX
Internet
Webswitch 2000
Telecommuter
Main Office, CA
PC
PBX
Analog Phone
WS 100
Analog FAX
Digital Handsets
T1 Internet connection

19. The Power Of VoIP
VoIP has become a powerful force in telecommunications due to
several reasons.
 cheaper than PSTN service providers
 compatible with web-based applications
 enabling the user to change, adjust , or listen to these features
over the Internet.
 Long distance is usually provided free of charge.
Call Waiting Voice Mail
Caller Id Features Call Transfer
Call Forwarding

20. Benefits of VoIP
• Easy Deployment and Reconfiguration Management
• Cost Savings: Hardware, Maintenance, Toll Charges
• Improved Mobility, Changing of Offices, Phone Numbers
• Convergence of Services, such as Conferencing
• Compared to TDM Phones, VoIP Phones offer
– More Flexibility
– More Features
This Equates to Corporate Productivity Enhancement

21. Disadvantages of Using VoIP
 VoIP is dependent on wall power.
 No way to integrate these products with VoIP.
 No way to associate a geographical location with an IP
address.
 It’s susceptible to all the hiccups normally associated with
home broadband services.
 Phone conversations can become distorted, garbled or lost
because of transmission errors.
 VoIP is susceptible to worms,viruses and hacking.
 VoIP is having a phone system dependant on individual PCs of
varying specifications and power.

22. Conclusion
 VoIP is a prospering technology that enables users to place phone
calls over internet.
 By taking advantages of VoIP specific characteristics, our
approach can detect quality problems network failures faster and
with less overhead than existing approaches.
 VoIP has become a popular method of hiring with outsourcing.
 VoIP is able to provide faster problem of recovery with less
overhead than existing approaches.

23. Thank You !
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