Here are the steps I would take to conduct a survey:
1. Determine the target respondents - in this case, your schoolmates.
2. Design the survey questions and format - you have provided a sample format which looks good.
3. Distribute the survey - since face-to-face is not allowed, you could distribute it through FB Messenger, email, or provide hard copies as suggested.
4. Collect the completed surveys - have your schoolmates return the completed surveys to you through the same channels.
5. Analyze the responses - tally up the responses for each question to see what percentage agreed/disagreed. You may also analyze responses by demographic groups.
6. Write
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EAPP Quarter2 - Module4_ Data Collection Methods & Tools for Research.pdfLeah Condina
The document discusses various data collection methods and tools used in research including interviews, observations, questionnaires, and experiments. It provides guidelines for effectively designing and implementing each method and tool. Specifically, it emphasizes that the choice of data collection should directly address the research questions and objectives. It also stresses pilot testing and validation to improve the quality and accuracy of the data collection instruments.
EAPP Quarter2 - Module4_ Data Collection Methods & Tools for Research.pdfLeah Condina
The document discusses various data collection methods and tools used in research including interviews, observations, questionnaires, and experiments. It provides guidelines for effectively designing and implementing each method and tool. Specifically, it outlines the key parts and types of interviews, observations, questionnaires, and experiments. It also discusses best practices for developing questions, conducting observations, designing questionnaires, and carrying out experiments.
Q3-M5_3Is_Synthesizing review of Related Literature.pdfMAEANNTOLENTINO2
mamali national high school
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EAPP Quarter2 - Module5_ Writing a Research Report.pdfLeah Condina
This document provides information about writing a research report, specifically focusing on surveys and questionnaires. It discusses the different types of primary and secondary sources that can be used for research. Primary sources include surveys, interviews, and observations, which collect first-hand data. Secondary sources include biographies, commentaries, encyclopedias, journals, reports, theses/dissertations, and textbooks, which interpret and analyze existing information and data. The document also provides a sample survey questionnaire that a student named Kenneth could use to collect data about his school's learning environment from his classmates. It encourages the reader to evaluate their own school by answering the survey questions.
EAPP Quarter2 - Module5_ Writing a Research Report.pdfLeah Condina
This document provides information about writing a research report, specifically focusing on surveys and questionnaires. It discusses the different types of primary and secondary sources that can be used for research. Primary sources include surveys, interviews, and observations, which collect first-hand data. Secondary sources include biographies, commentaries, encyclopedias, journals, reports, theses/dissertations, and textbooks, which interpret and analyze existing information and data. The document also provides a sample survey questionnaire that a student named Kenneth could use to collect data about his school's learning environment from his classmates. It encourages the reader to evaluate their own school by answering the survey questions.
Insocio lecture 2 sociological research process lectureCarlos Molina
The document summarizes the key steps in the sociological research process:
1. Choosing and defining a research problem. Researchers often study topics related to their personal interests or experiences. The problem must be clearly defined.
2. Reviewing previous literature to learn from others' findings and refine the research problem. This helps avoid past pitfalls and suggests study designs.
3. Designing the study by developing a plan to answer the research question through sound measurement and consideration of time. Researchers must also select a data collection method like surveys, experiments, or field observation.
4. Collecting data using methods like questionnaires, interviews, field observations, experiments, or content analysis. Researchers take a sample from
Data collection is a one of the major important topic in research study, It should be clear and understandable to all students, especially in graduate studies
mamali national high school
mamali lambayong sultan kudarat
entrep week 1 las 1
entrep week 1 las 2
entrep week 1 las 3
entrep week 2 las 1
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EAPP Quarter2 - Module4_ Data Collection Methods & Tools for Research.pdfLeah Condina
The document discusses various data collection methods and tools used in research including interviews, observations, questionnaires, and experiments. It provides guidelines for effectively designing and implementing each method and tool. Specifically, it emphasizes that the choice of data collection should directly address the research questions and objectives. It also stresses pilot testing and validation to improve the quality and accuracy of the data collection instruments.
EAPP Quarter2 - Module4_ Data Collection Methods & Tools for Research.pdfLeah Condina
The document discusses various data collection methods and tools used in research including interviews, observations, questionnaires, and experiments. It provides guidelines for effectively designing and implementing each method and tool. Specifically, it outlines the key parts and types of interviews, observations, questionnaires, and experiments. It also discusses best practices for developing questions, conducting observations, designing questionnaires, and carrying out experiments.
Q3-M5_3Is_Synthesizing review of Related Literature.pdfMAEANNTOLENTINO2
mamali national high school
mamali lambayong sultan kudarat
entrep week 1 las 1
entrep week 1 las 2
entrep week 1 las 3
entrep week 2 las 1
entrep week 2 las 2
entrep week 2 las 3
EAPP Quarter2 - Module5_ Writing a Research Report.pdfLeah Condina
This document provides information about writing a research report, specifically focusing on surveys and questionnaires. It discusses the different types of primary and secondary sources that can be used for research. Primary sources include surveys, interviews, and observations, which collect first-hand data. Secondary sources include biographies, commentaries, encyclopedias, journals, reports, theses/dissertations, and textbooks, which interpret and analyze existing information and data. The document also provides a sample survey questionnaire that a student named Kenneth could use to collect data about his school's learning environment from his classmates. It encourages the reader to evaluate their own school by answering the survey questions.
EAPP Quarter2 - Module5_ Writing a Research Report.pdfLeah Condina
This document provides information about writing a research report, specifically focusing on surveys and questionnaires. It discusses the different types of primary and secondary sources that can be used for research. Primary sources include surveys, interviews, and observations, which collect first-hand data. Secondary sources include biographies, commentaries, encyclopedias, journals, reports, theses/dissertations, and textbooks, which interpret and analyze existing information and data. The document also provides a sample survey questionnaire that a student named Kenneth could use to collect data about his school's learning environment from his classmates. It encourages the reader to evaluate their own school by answering the survey questions.
Insocio lecture 2 sociological research process lectureCarlos Molina
The document summarizes the key steps in the sociological research process:
1. Choosing and defining a research problem. Researchers often study topics related to their personal interests or experiences. The problem must be clearly defined.
2. Reviewing previous literature to learn from others' findings and refine the research problem. This helps avoid past pitfalls and suggests study designs.
3. Designing the study by developing a plan to answer the research question through sound measurement and consideration of time. Researchers must also select a data collection method like surveys, experiments, or field observation.
4. Collecting data using methods like questionnaires, interviews, field observations, experiments, or content analysis. Researchers take a sample from
Data collection is a one of the major important topic in research study, It should be clear and understandable to all students, especially in graduate studies
ACTIVITY 1
Chosen Research Design: Qualitative
Why do you think this design is appropriate to your research interest?
Based on my understanding of qualitative research, I believe it can be appropriate for certain types of research questions. In my view, qualitative research is particularly useful for exploring complex phenomena, gaining insights into people's experiences and perspectives, and developing theory. I also recognize that it can be valuable in applied settings, such as healthcare or social work, where understanding people's experiences is crucial for improving practice.
Guide Questions
1. Did you remember the research design listed in the table?
YES, I have remembered all the research design listed in the table.
2. What other research designs did you recall which is/ are not listed in the table?
Longitudinal Study
Cross-sectional Study
Survey Research
Action Research
Participatory Action Research
Grounded Theory
Ethnographic Research
3. Was it easy or hard to determine the research design to be used in your selected topic or interest?
For me, it is easy because in the first place I already have an idea where to start. I believe when you select a topic, you already considered what design you will use.
4. What are the factors that you consider in selecting a research design for your study?
As a researcher, I must consider various factors when selecting a qualitative research design for my study. These include the research question, the purpose of the study, the nature of the phenomenon being studied, and the available resources and time frame. Additionally, I must reflect on my own philosophical and theoretical perspectives to ensure that the chosen design aligns with my worldview and research goals.
Reflection
How does research design make your study colorful/ interesting?
As a researcher, I have come to appreciate how qualitative research design can add color and interest to a study. By using methods such as open-ended interviews, observations, and document analysis, I can capture the rich and complex experiences, perspectives, and contexts of the participants. This type of research allows me to delve deeper into the phenomenon being studied and gain a more nuanced understanding of it.
One of the benefits of using qualitative research is the ability to create vivid descriptions, quotes, and narratives that add depth and meaning to the study. It's fascinating to see how the data can come to life and offer a unique perspective on the topic. Additionally, I've found that unexpected findings often emerge during qualitative research, which can add to the intrigue and interest of the study.
Overall, I believe that qualitative research design offers a powerful way to explore the intricacies and nuances of human experience. It enables me to create a study that is more compelling and engaging, as well as provides insights that cannot be obtained through other research methods.
ACTIVITY 2: TELL ME THE QUANTITY
Directions: Read the qu
Here are the key differences between quantitative and qualitative research:
Quantitative research is based on numbers and statistics. It aims to quantify the problem by generating numerical data or data that can be transformed into usable statistics. It uses large samples and standardized measures so that findings can be generalized to the population. Examples include surveys, polls, structured observations.
Qualitative research is exploratory and focuses on understanding underlying reasons, opinions, and motivations. It provides insights into the problem or helps develop ideas/hypotheses for potential quantitative research. It uses small samples, is more flexible and typically involves in-depth individual interviews or focus groups. Examples include case studies, participant observation, focus groups.
In summary, quantitative research is used to quantify
The document discusses research methodology and methods for collecting data. It describes two types of research problems, formulating the research problem, conducting a literature review, preparing the research design, collecting primary and secondary data, methods like experiments, observation, interviews, longitudinal and panel studies. Research design considers means of obtaining information, time, cost and explains the organization and reasoning for selection. The document provides details on different aspects of the research process.
1. The module discusses population and sampling methods for quantitative research. It reviews research designs and introduces the concepts of target population and sampling.
2. There are two main types of sampling methods: probability sampling and non-probability sampling. Probability sampling allows inferences to be made about the population and includes techniques like simple random sampling. Non-probability sampling does not allow for generalization to the population.
3. As a student researcher, it is important to understand sampling to select an appropriate method for a study in order to collect a sample from the target population. The goal is often to generalize results back to the larger population.
mamali national high school
mamali lambayong sultan kudarat
entrep week 1 las 1
entrep week 1 las 2
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EAPP Quarter2 - Module3_ Research Report.pdfLeah Condina
Here are the top 10 most important takeaways from the lesson on writing a research report:
1. A research report systematically and logically presents the results and interpretation of a research study.
2. The main types of research reports are technical reports and general reports.
3. A standard structure for a research report includes a title page, abstract, introduction, literature review, methodology, results, discussion, conclusion, and references.
4. The introduction provides the context and importance of the research study.
5. The literature review synthesizes related concepts and prior studies.
6. The methodology explains how the data was collected and analyzed.
7. The results section factually presents the findings of the
EAPP Quarter2 - Module3_ Research Report.pdfLeah Condina
Here are the top 10 most important takeaways from the lesson on writing a research report:
1. A research report systematically and logically presents the results and interpretation of a research study.
2. The main types of research reports are technical reports and general reports.
3. A standard structure for a research report includes a title page, abstract, introduction, literature review, methodology, results, discussion, conclusion, and references.
4. The introduction provides the context and importance of the research study.
5. The literature review synthesizes related concepts and prior studies.
6. The methodology explains how the data was collected and analyzed.
7. The results section factually presents the findings of the
This is an exclusive presentation on data collection for researchers in National Institutes Labor of Administration & Training (NILAT), Ministry of production, government of Pakistan
This document provides information about writing a report survey or field report. It discusses the key elements of reports, including the title, abstract, table of contents, body, introduction, conclusion, and recommendations. It also discusses different types of reports, such as technical/business reports, field reports, and scientific reports. Additionally, it covers designing survey questionnaires, including identifying research objectives, question wording, and response scales. The goal is to teach students how to properly structure different types of reports and design effective survey questionnaires to gather data.
Running head SURVEY METHODS1SURVEY METHODS 2,.docxtodd521
Running head: SURVEY METHODS 1
SURVEY METHODS 2
,
I appreciate the online submission of the assignment. I want to remind you of the importance of submitting assignments on-time to avoid late penalties. This is particularly true with the signature assignment that is worth a significant portion of your overall course grade.
In a 6-9-page paper using a minimum of 5 scholarly sources, you are to complete a three- part assignment. In the first, you are to select a method of survey administration and the provide the rationale for that selection for each of 4 different research objectives. In part 2, you are to provide a list of questions that would be used on a questionnaire to meet the objectives. Finally, assuming that you may be using a survey in your research, you are to decide on and explain the method of administration you would use.
You met the assignment requirements with respect to the use of scholarly sources and meeting page expectations. I was surprised to not see the textbook on the reference page given that this should be your primary source for basic information. The text was selected by the faculty due to both content and level. That is why this is required, not optional, reading.
There is an issue with respect to APA formatting that is somewhat surprising given this is the fifth week in the course. First, you are not adhering to the required line spacing. Second, you need to be applying feedback on past assignments. For instance, how the assignment should be spaced is shown below as an example. Finally, while you want to use headings to organize your paper, this can be overdone. In the first part 1 of the assignment, you are asked to decide on the method of survey administration for a number of scenarios. In part 2, you are being asked to provide a list of questions that would meet the objective. Together, these are not mini-papers for each scenario. Therefore, it is not necessary or appropriate to have an introduction and conclusion for each one with is often redundant and repetitive. It is important to remember that scholarly writing is to be both precise and concise. That is, you want to provide the necessary information without excess verbiage and repetition. A brief introduction to the paper overall or even each part might be appropriate but is not necessary. You were advised of this previously.
Overall, in part one, you are not providing a sufficient rationale for the selection of your survey method. As advised in the feedback on the last assignment, this involves examining the specifics of the information needs, who are the target respondents and availability of sampling frames and the criteria to be used in the selection of a method. This is discussed at length in the required reading. As noted in the assignment instructions, “The researcher needs to carefully consider the objectives of the study, the questions that need to be asked and the target respondents in addition to the pros/cons of the alternatives.”
It.
This document discusses various methods of exploratory marketing research. It defines exploratory research as initial research conducted to clarify and define the nature of a problem without providing conclusive evidence. Some common exploratory research methods discussed include secondary data analysis, expert surveys, case studies/ethnographies, pilot studies, and focus groups. The document provides examples and details about how and why each of these methods may be used in exploratory marketing research.
Be creative here! Part 1 Develop your research question. What i.docxgarnerangelika
Be creative here!
Part 1
: Develop your research question. What is it that you want to know? A good research question will tell the reader exactly what your study is about and help you maintain your focus throughout the research process.
Part 2
: Develop your survey questions. Stick to what you really want to know and be sure that your survey questions will get you the answers you need.
Part 3
: Conduct your survey. There are many ways to gather data. You could survey people in your daily life, email your classmates (if possible), survey your friends using technology, etc.
Part 4
: Write up your results in a report using the following format:
Introduction
to the purpose of the study. Include your research question here.
Methodology
: What are your survey questions and how did you collect the data?
Results
: Put your data here in the form of a list or table.
Include appropriate proportions or means for the data.
Include confidence intervals for your data and what they mean in the context of your study.
Discussion
: What conclusions can you draw from your data?
.
Please pay attention to all the details. The instructor told me th.docxstilliegeorgiana
Please pay attention to all the details. The instructor told me the conclusion must include all the topics learned in this class sin ce week 2. I added all the necessary info you need to complete the conclusion for my final paper.
Concusion Section
7 - Conclusion: In this section, the student will identify a summary of their EBP project as well as consider the potential contribution to their specialty track (FAMILY NURSE PRACTITIONER) practice setting. The required content includes: MUST BE A COMPREHENSIVE CONCLUSION FROM WEEK 2 THROUGH WEEK 7
· Provide a comprehensive summary of key points from this EBP proposal project (PART A)
WEEK 2 – To develop an EBP PICOT/PICo question as well as a research question, numerous sources can trigger the spirit of inquiry, or to put it simply, the "I wonder . . . ?" The sources include, but are not limited to, the following.
· Identification of a concern in a practice area (i.e., "I wonder how I can prevent . . . ")
· Inconsistencies found in professional literature (i.e., Article A says I should do X, but Article B says that the preferred action is Y. I wonder which one is correct for my practice area.")
· Problems occurring with the practice area (i.e., "This has been a problem in the unit as long as I can remember; I wonder how I can improve the . . . ")
· Reviewing nursing theory (i.e., "I read that knowledge helps with self-care; I wonder whether it would help to foster patient compliance with . . . )
Although the source of the EBPPICOT/PICo or research study question can vary based upon your practice area and its related events, the role of nursing theory is where this week begins.
WEEK 3 – Discussions - Elements of Quantitative Research: Design and Sampling
This discussion will explore the quantitative approach sampling and design by analyzing a single study quantitative research article related to your specialty track. WEEK 4 - Developing New Evidence: Qualitative Research Studies Overview of the Qualitative Research Approach
Qualitative research studies phenomena in their natural settings. By using the natural settings, this design interprets phenomena in terms of the meanings that people bring to them. Qualitative research aims to get a better understanding through firsthand experience because subjects share thoughts, feelings, and experiences. Qualitative research involves the collection of a variety of empirical materials. These materials include, but are not limited to, case study, personal experience, life story, interviews, observations, historical perspectives, interactional, and visual texts. All of this information becomes data that describe routine as well as problematic moments with the meanings these moments have in individuals' lives.
Often, the qualitative approach is used as the initial research study in an area of interest because it will help to explore and define the phenomena. By gaining an understanding of underlying reasons, opinions, and motivations, it provid ...
DEVELOPMENT of Research Tool Power Point.pptxssuserabcb18
This document discusses various research tools and techniques used for data collection. It defines research tools as instruments used by researchers to measure what they intend to study. Some major tools discussed are questionnaires, checklists, observation, interviews, psychological tests, and sociometry. The document provides details on the purpose, types, and use of each tool to effectively collect reliable and valid data relevant to the research questions.
This document outlines the sociological research process in 3 units:
1. Developing aims/hypotheses and conducting pilot studies to test research methods
2. Selecting samples through various probability and non-probability sampling techniques
3. Collecting and analyzing both primary and secondary quantitative and qualitative data.
Educ241 sevilla charmie_h. (section 8. data collection and instrumentation)Charmie Sevilla
This document discusses research methods for data collection and instrumentation. It outlines objectives related to recognizing the importance of data gathering, identifying data collection techniques and sources, distinguishing between primary and secondary data, describing instruments for data gathering, and designing instruments. The document discusses importance of data gathering techniques and instrumentation. It discusses questions to consider when evaluating instruments. It categorizes data sources as primary (collected for the first time as part of research) and secondary (collected previously and reported by others). Common instruments discussed are questioning, opinionnaires, and observation. Questioning methods like questionnaires and interviews are described in detail. Guidelines for formulating questions and examples of scales like semantic differential and Likert scales are provided.
1-archival data might be acquired from 3 different locations tha.docxdorishigh
1-
archival data might be acquired from 3 different locations that are the following:
1-records: such as absentee, sick leave or vacation record; sales records; employee figures ...etc
2-documents: training manuals and materials; evaluation plans; and job aids ...etc
3- Existing databases: census data, department of labor data; vital statistics as birth, death, marriage, divorce ...etc
Some advantages of archival data are:
- are easily collectable. reviewing records and documents and using databases doesn't require participants to do anything different.
- May provide quantitative data. Records, document, and databases can provide data for evaluation questions that focus on quantity or frequency.
-Allow for the creation of new variables and scales.
Some disadvantages of archival data are:
-Aggregation. Records may be too aggregated to provide useful data.
-Changes over time. Definitions of terms and variables or data collection methods may have changed over time.
-Time consuming. if there are many documents to review, the task can be tedious and costly in term of time.
2-
observation can be a useful method for addressing evaluation questions concerning an employee's or group's behavior or actions before, during,or after a training program or other organization initiatives.Observing people and environments is particularly helpful in studying processes, relationships among people, and the context of certain events and environments. In addition, observation data can provide important information for answering specific evaluation questions for many kinds of evaluations.
3-
There are several choices to be made when considering how to collect and record observation data. one can need qualitative observations, and where qualitative data are required, the evaluators simply writes down detailed information in the form of a narrative as they are observing. the purpose of qualitative observations is to describe. while the interpretations of observations are left to the data analysis phase.
another choice to use for the observation methods is the video recording of someone's performance to collect that kind of data. the evaluator positions a video camera to record the individual's actions.
a third technique used for collecting observation methods is the use of still photographs. here the evaluator may decide to take photographs of the organization's environment, the employee's workspace, employees performing some tasks or interactions among employees.
The fourth method that can be used for that is the use of checklist or rating form. the evaluator develops a list of questions or items that will guide the observation.
4 while responding to a likert scale, some people feel compelled to put a mark somewhere in between numbers on the scale, for example between the 2 and the 3. this scale allows the responses of varying degrees to each specific survey item. it is important to provide these descriptions so that the respondents can provide their opini ...
Q3-M4_3Is_Citation of Review of Related Literature.pdfMAEANNTOLENTINO2
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LANGUAGE OF RESEARCH and ADVOCACY CAMPAIGN.pptxCresildaBiloy1
This document provides an overview of research language and processes. It begins by defining research as a way to systematically solve problems and increase knowledge. The document then outlines the typical steps in a research process, including developing a question, conducting experiments, analyzing data, proposing solutions, and presenting results. Key research terms are defined, such as design, data, significance, and experiment. An example is given of a double-blind clinical trial. The document concludes by providing rubrics for evaluating posters on research topics.
The document provides information about an English for Academic and Professional Purposes module for grade 11/12 students. It includes a title page with learning competencies, a table of contents, introductory messages, and various sections on text structure, including examples and activities. The document discusses identifying different types of text structures such as chronological, cause and effect, compare and contrast, problem and solution, and more. It provides tips for determining the organizational structure of a text.
The passage discusses the seductive and destructive power of methamphetamine (meth). It notes that while meth initially increases sex drive and performance, government officials and doctors are reluctant to discuss this effect. The summary also mentions a doctor who interviewed meth addicts, finding that both men and women reported meth's impact on their sex lives.
ACTIVITY 1
Chosen Research Design: Qualitative
Why do you think this design is appropriate to your research interest?
Based on my understanding of qualitative research, I believe it can be appropriate for certain types of research questions. In my view, qualitative research is particularly useful for exploring complex phenomena, gaining insights into people's experiences and perspectives, and developing theory. I also recognize that it can be valuable in applied settings, such as healthcare or social work, where understanding people's experiences is crucial for improving practice.
Guide Questions
1. Did you remember the research design listed in the table?
YES, I have remembered all the research design listed in the table.
2. What other research designs did you recall which is/ are not listed in the table?
Longitudinal Study
Cross-sectional Study
Survey Research
Action Research
Participatory Action Research
Grounded Theory
Ethnographic Research
3. Was it easy or hard to determine the research design to be used in your selected topic or interest?
For me, it is easy because in the first place I already have an idea where to start. I believe when you select a topic, you already considered what design you will use.
4. What are the factors that you consider in selecting a research design for your study?
As a researcher, I must consider various factors when selecting a qualitative research design for my study. These include the research question, the purpose of the study, the nature of the phenomenon being studied, and the available resources and time frame. Additionally, I must reflect on my own philosophical and theoretical perspectives to ensure that the chosen design aligns with my worldview and research goals.
Reflection
How does research design make your study colorful/ interesting?
As a researcher, I have come to appreciate how qualitative research design can add color and interest to a study. By using methods such as open-ended interviews, observations, and document analysis, I can capture the rich and complex experiences, perspectives, and contexts of the participants. This type of research allows me to delve deeper into the phenomenon being studied and gain a more nuanced understanding of it.
One of the benefits of using qualitative research is the ability to create vivid descriptions, quotes, and narratives that add depth and meaning to the study. It's fascinating to see how the data can come to life and offer a unique perspective on the topic. Additionally, I've found that unexpected findings often emerge during qualitative research, which can add to the intrigue and interest of the study.
Overall, I believe that qualitative research design offers a powerful way to explore the intricacies and nuances of human experience. It enables me to create a study that is more compelling and engaging, as well as provides insights that cannot be obtained through other research methods.
ACTIVITY 2: TELL ME THE QUANTITY
Directions: Read the qu
Here are the key differences between quantitative and qualitative research:
Quantitative research is based on numbers and statistics. It aims to quantify the problem by generating numerical data or data that can be transformed into usable statistics. It uses large samples and standardized measures so that findings can be generalized to the population. Examples include surveys, polls, structured observations.
Qualitative research is exploratory and focuses on understanding underlying reasons, opinions, and motivations. It provides insights into the problem or helps develop ideas/hypotheses for potential quantitative research. It uses small samples, is more flexible and typically involves in-depth individual interviews or focus groups. Examples include case studies, participant observation, focus groups.
In summary, quantitative research is used to quantify
The document discusses research methodology and methods for collecting data. It describes two types of research problems, formulating the research problem, conducting a literature review, preparing the research design, collecting primary and secondary data, methods like experiments, observation, interviews, longitudinal and panel studies. Research design considers means of obtaining information, time, cost and explains the organization and reasoning for selection. The document provides details on different aspects of the research process.
1. The module discusses population and sampling methods for quantitative research. It reviews research designs and introduces the concepts of target population and sampling.
2. There are two main types of sampling methods: probability sampling and non-probability sampling. Probability sampling allows inferences to be made about the population and includes techniques like simple random sampling. Non-probability sampling does not allow for generalization to the population.
3. As a student researcher, it is important to understand sampling to select an appropriate method for a study in order to collect a sample from the target population. The goal is often to generalize results back to the larger population.
mamali national high school
mamali lambayong sultan kudarat
entrep week 1 las 1
entrep week 1 las 2
entrep week 1 las 3
entrep week 2 las 1
entrep week 2 las 2
entrep week 2 las 3
EAPP Quarter2 - Module3_ Research Report.pdfLeah Condina
Here are the top 10 most important takeaways from the lesson on writing a research report:
1. A research report systematically and logically presents the results and interpretation of a research study.
2. The main types of research reports are technical reports and general reports.
3. A standard structure for a research report includes a title page, abstract, introduction, literature review, methodology, results, discussion, conclusion, and references.
4. The introduction provides the context and importance of the research study.
5. The literature review synthesizes related concepts and prior studies.
6. The methodology explains how the data was collected and analyzed.
7. The results section factually presents the findings of the
EAPP Quarter2 - Module3_ Research Report.pdfLeah Condina
Here are the top 10 most important takeaways from the lesson on writing a research report:
1. A research report systematically and logically presents the results and interpretation of a research study.
2. The main types of research reports are technical reports and general reports.
3. A standard structure for a research report includes a title page, abstract, introduction, literature review, methodology, results, discussion, conclusion, and references.
4. The introduction provides the context and importance of the research study.
5. The literature review synthesizes related concepts and prior studies.
6. The methodology explains how the data was collected and analyzed.
7. The results section factually presents the findings of the
This is an exclusive presentation on data collection for researchers in National Institutes Labor of Administration & Training (NILAT), Ministry of production, government of Pakistan
This document provides information about writing a report survey or field report. It discusses the key elements of reports, including the title, abstract, table of contents, body, introduction, conclusion, and recommendations. It also discusses different types of reports, such as technical/business reports, field reports, and scientific reports. Additionally, it covers designing survey questionnaires, including identifying research objectives, question wording, and response scales. The goal is to teach students how to properly structure different types of reports and design effective survey questionnaires to gather data.
Running head SURVEY METHODS1SURVEY METHODS 2,.docxtodd521
Running head: SURVEY METHODS 1
SURVEY METHODS 2
,
I appreciate the online submission of the assignment. I want to remind you of the importance of submitting assignments on-time to avoid late penalties. This is particularly true with the signature assignment that is worth a significant portion of your overall course grade.
In a 6-9-page paper using a minimum of 5 scholarly sources, you are to complete a three- part assignment. In the first, you are to select a method of survey administration and the provide the rationale for that selection for each of 4 different research objectives. In part 2, you are to provide a list of questions that would be used on a questionnaire to meet the objectives. Finally, assuming that you may be using a survey in your research, you are to decide on and explain the method of administration you would use.
You met the assignment requirements with respect to the use of scholarly sources and meeting page expectations. I was surprised to not see the textbook on the reference page given that this should be your primary source for basic information. The text was selected by the faculty due to both content and level. That is why this is required, not optional, reading.
There is an issue with respect to APA formatting that is somewhat surprising given this is the fifth week in the course. First, you are not adhering to the required line spacing. Second, you need to be applying feedback on past assignments. For instance, how the assignment should be spaced is shown below as an example. Finally, while you want to use headings to organize your paper, this can be overdone. In the first part 1 of the assignment, you are asked to decide on the method of survey administration for a number of scenarios. In part 2, you are being asked to provide a list of questions that would meet the objective. Together, these are not mini-papers for each scenario. Therefore, it is not necessary or appropriate to have an introduction and conclusion for each one with is often redundant and repetitive. It is important to remember that scholarly writing is to be both precise and concise. That is, you want to provide the necessary information without excess verbiage and repetition. A brief introduction to the paper overall or even each part might be appropriate but is not necessary. You were advised of this previously.
Overall, in part one, you are not providing a sufficient rationale for the selection of your survey method. As advised in the feedback on the last assignment, this involves examining the specifics of the information needs, who are the target respondents and availability of sampling frames and the criteria to be used in the selection of a method. This is discussed at length in the required reading. As noted in the assignment instructions, “The researcher needs to carefully consider the objectives of the study, the questions that need to be asked and the target respondents in addition to the pros/cons of the alternatives.”
It.
This document discusses various methods of exploratory marketing research. It defines exploratory research as initial research conducted to clarify and define the nature of a problem without providing conclusive evidence. Some common exploratory research methods discussed include secondary data analysis, expert surveys, case studies/ethnographies, pilot studies, and focus groups. The document provides examples and details about how and why each of these methods may be used in exploratory marketing research.
Be creative here! Part 1 Develop your research question. What i.docxgarnerangelika
Be creative here!
Part 1
: Develop your research question. What is it that you want to know? A good research question will tell the reader exactly what your study is about and help you maintain your focus throughout the research process.
Part 2
: Develop your survey questions. Stick to what you really want to know and be sure that your survey questions will get you the answers you need.
Part 3
: Conduct your survey. There are many ways to gather data. You could survey people in your daily life, email your classmates (if possible), survey your friends using technology, etc.
Part 4
: Write up your results in a report using the following format:
Introduction
to the purpose of the study. Include your research question here.
Methodology
: What are your survey questions and how did you collect the data?
Results
: Put your data here in the form of a list or table.
Include appropriate proportions or means for the data.
Include confidence intervals for your data and what they mean in the context of your study.
Discussion
: What conclusions can you draw from your data?
.
Please pay attention to all the details. The instructor told me th.docxstilliegeorgiana
Please pay attention to all the details. The instructor told me the conclusion must include all the topics learned in this class sin ce week 2. I added all the necessary info you need to complete the conclusion for my final paper.
Concusion Section
7 - Conclusion: In this section, the student will identify a summary of their EBP project as well as consider the potential contribution to their specialty track (FAMILY NURSE PRACTITIONER) practice setting. The required content includes: MUST BE A COMPREHENSIVE CONCLUSION FROM WEEK 2 THROUGH WEEK 7
· Provide a comprehensive summary of key points from this EBP proposal project (PART A)
WEEK 2 – To develop an EBP PICOT/PICo question as well as a research question, numerous sources can trigger the spirit of inquiry, or to put it simply, the "I wonder . . . ?" The sources include, but are not limited to, the following.
· Identification of a concern in a practice area (i.e., "I wonder how I can prevent . . . ")
· Inconsistencies found in professional literature (i.e., Article A says I should do X, but Article B says that the preferred action is Y. I wonder which one is correct for my practice area.")
· Problems occurring with the practice area (i.e., "This has been a problem in the unit as long as I can remember; I wonder how I can improve the . . . ")
· Reviewing nursing theory (i.e., "I read that knowledge helps with self-care; I wonder whether it would help to foster patient compliance with . . . )
Although the source of the EBPPICOT/PICo or research study question can vary based upon your practice area and its related events, the role of nursing theory is where this week begins.
WEEK 3 – Discussions - Elements of Quantitative Research: Design and Sampling
This discussion will explore the quantitative approach sampling and design by analyzing a single study quantitative research article related to your specialty track. WEEK 4 - Developing New Evidence: Qualitative Research Studies Overview of the Qualitative Research Approach
Qualitative research studies phenomena in their natural settings. By using the natural settings, this design interprets phenomena in terms of the meanings that people bring to them. Qualitative research aims to get a better understanding through firsthand experience because subjects share thoughts, feelings, and experiences. Qualitative research involves the collection of a variety of empirical materials. These materials include, but are not limited to, case study, personal experience, life story, interviews, observations, historical perspectives, interactional, and visual texts. All of this information becomes data that describe routine as well as problematic moments with the meanings these moments have in individuals' lives.
Often, the qualitative approach is used as the initial research study in an area of interest because it will help to explore and define the phenomena. By gaining an understanding of underlying reasons, opinions, and motivations, it provid ...
DEVELOPMENT of Research Tool Power Point.pptxssuserabcb18
This document discusses various research tools and techniques used for data collection. It defines research tools as instruments used by researchers to measure what they intend to study. Some major tools discussed are questionnaires, checklists, observation, interviews, psychological tests, and sociometry. The document provides details on the purpose, types, and use of each tool to effectively collect reliable and valid data relevant to the research questions.
This document outlines the sociological research process in 3 units:
1. Developing aims/hypotheses and conducting pilot studies to test research methods
2. Selecting samples through various probability and non-probability sampling techniques
3. Collecting and analyzing both primary and secondary quantitative and qualitative data.
Educ241 sevilla charmie_h. (section 8. data collection and instrumentation)Charmie Sevilla
This document discusses research methods for data collection and instrumentation. It outlines objectives related to recognizing the importance of data gathering, identifying data collection techniques and sources, distinguishing between primary and secondary data, describing instruments for data gathering, and designing instruments. The document discusses importance of data gathering techniques and instrumentation. It discusses questions to consider when evaluating instruments. It categorizes data sources as primary (collected for the first time as part of research) and secondary (collected previously and reported by others). Common instruments discussed are questioning, opinionnaires, and observation. Questioning methods like questionnaires and interviews are described in detail. Guidelines for formulating questions and examples of scales like semantic differential and Likert scales are provided.
1-archival data might be acquired from 3 different locations tha.docxdorishigh
1-
archival data might be acquired from 3 different locations that are the following:
1-records: such as absentee, sick leave or vacation record; sales records; employee figures ...etc
2-documents: training manuals and materials; evaluation plans; and job aids ...etc
3- Existing databases: census data, department of labor data; vital statistics as birth, death, marriage, divorce ...etc
Some advantages of archival data are:
- are easily collectable. reviewing records and documents and using databases doesn't require participants to do anything different.
- May provide quantitative data. Records, document, and databases can provide data for evaluation questions that focus on quantity or frequency.
-Allow for the creation of new variables and scales.
Some disadvantages of archival data are:
-Aggregation. Records may be too aggregated to provide useful data.
-Changes over time. Definitions of terms and variables or data collection methods may have changed over time.
-Time consuming. if there are many documents to review, the task can be tedious and costly in term of time.
2-
observation can be a useful method for addressing evaluation questions concerning an employee's or group's behavior or actions before, during,or after a training program or other organization initiatives.Observing people and environments is particularly helpful in studying processes, relationships among people, and the context of certain events and environments. In addition, observation data can provide important information for answering specific evaluation questions for many kinds of evaluations.
3-
There are several choices to be made when considering how to collect and record observation data. one can need qualitative observations, and where qualitative data are required, the evaluators simply writes down detailed information in the form of a narrative as they are observing. the purpose of qualitative observations is to describe. while the interpretations of observations are left to the data analysis phase.
another choice to use for the observation methods is the video recording of someone's performance to collect that kind of data. the evaluator positions a video camera to record the individual's actions.
a third technique used for collecting observation methods is the use of still photographs. here the evaluator may decide to take photographs of the organization's environment, the employee's workspace, employees performing some tasks or interactions among employees.
The fourth method that can be used for that is the use of checklist or rating form. the evaluator develops a list of questions or items that will guide the observation.
4 while responding to a likert scale, some people feel compelled to put a mark somewhere in between numbers on the scale, for example between the 2 and the 3. this scale allows the responses of varying degrees to each specific survey item. it is important to provide these descriptions so that the respondents can provide their opini ...
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LANGUAGE OF RESEARCH and ADVOCACY CAMPAIGN.pptxCresildaBiloy1
This document provides an overview of research language and processes. It begins by defining research as a way to systematically solve problems and increase knowledge. The document then outlines the typical steps in a research process, including developing a question, conducting experiments, analyzing data, proposing solutions, and presenting results. Key research terms are defined, such as design, data, significance, and experiment. An example is given of a double-blind clinical trial. The document concludes by providing rubrics for evaluating posters on research topics.
The document provides information about an English for Academic and Professional Purposes module for grade 11/12 students. It includes a title page with learning competencies, a table of contents, introductory messages, and various sections on text structure, including examples and activities. The document discusses identifying different types of text structures such as chronological, cause and effect, compare and contrast, problem and solution, and more. It provides tips for determining the organizational structure of a text.
The passage discusses the seductive and destructive power of methamphetamine (meth). It notes that while meth initially increases sex drive and performance, government officials and doctors are reluctant to discuss this effect. The summary also mentions a doctor who interviewed meth addicts, finding that both men and women reported meth's impact on their sex lives.
The document provides guidance on writing a report by outlining the key steps, which include defining the purpose and scope, gathering and analyzing data, drawing conclusions, and making recommendations. It also includes examples of different ways to present data, such as tables, charts, and graphs. Sample report sections like the introduction, findings, and conclusions are demonstrated.
The document provides information about an English for Academic and Professional Purposes module on writing a position paper. It includes details such as the writers and editors involved, copyright information, a table of contents, and sample tasks from the module. The module aims to teach 12th grade students how to write a position paper through examples, explanations of the parts and structure of a position paper, and practice tasks for students to complete.
The document provides information about academic and non-academic writing. It discusses the key differences between the two types of writing. Academic writing is formal, objective, and intended for a scholarly audience. It relies heavily on research and evidence to support claims. Non-academic writing is more informal and subjective, intended for a general audience. It does not require citations or references. The document also outlines some of the language features of academic texts, such as formal tone and precise vocabulary.
The text discusses the issue of romantic relationships between teachers and students. It argues that such relationships should not be allowed due to several problems they may cause. These include an imbalance of power between the teacher and student, others questioning the validity and fairness of the student's grades, and potential negative consequences if the relationship ends badly. The writer concludes that teacher-student relationships will only lead to troubles for both parties and not have any positive results.
A Free 200-Page eBook ~ Brain and Mind Exercise.pptxOH TEIK BIN
(A Free eBook comprising 3 Sets of Presentation of a selection of Puzzles, Brain Teasers and Thinking Problems to exercise both the mind and the Right and Left Brain. To help keep the mind and brain fit and healthy. Good for both the young and old alike.
Answers are given for all the puzzles and problems.)
With Metta,
Bro. Oh Teik Bin 🙏🤓🤔🥰
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) CurriculumMJDuyan
(𝐓𝐋𝐄 𝟏𝟎𝟎) (𝐋𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐧 𝟏)-𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐦𝐬
𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐄𝐏𝐏 𝐂𝐮𝐫𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐮𝐦 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐩𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬:
- Understand the goals and objectives of the Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) curriculum, recognizing its importance in fostering practical life skills and values among students. Students will also be able to identify the key components and subjects covered, such as agriculture, home economics, industrial arts, and information and communication technology.
𝐄𝐱𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐍𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐒𝐜𝐨𝐩𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐧 𝐄𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐞𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐮𝐫:
-Define entrepreneurship, distinguishing it from general business activities by emphasizing its focus on innovation, risk-taking, and value creation. Students will describe the characteristics and traits of successful entrepreneurs, including their roles and responsibilities, and discuss the broader economic and social impacts of entrepreneurial activities on both local and global scales.
Level 3 NCEA - NZ: A Nation In the Making 1872 - 1900 SML.pptHenry Hollis
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Making of a Nation.
From the NZ Wars to Liberals,
Richard Seddon, George Grey,
Social Laboratory, New Zealand,
Confiscations, Kotahitanga, Kingitanga, Parliament, Suffrage, Repudiation, Economic Change, Agriculture, Gold Mining, Timber, Flax, Sheep, Dairying,
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These slides walk through the story of 1 Samuel. Samuel is the last judge of Israel. The people reject God and want a king. Saul is anointed as the first king, but he is not a good king. David, the shepherd boy is anointed and Saul is envious of him. David shows honor while Saul continues to self destruct.
This presentation was provided by Racquel Jemison, Ph.D., Christina MacLaughlin, Ph.D., and Paulomi Majumder. Ph.D., all of the American Chemical Society, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
THE SACRIFICE HOW PRO-PALESTINE PROTESTS STUDENTS ARE SACRIFICING TO CHANGE T...indexPub
The recent surge in pro-Palestine student activism has prompted significant responses from universities, ranging from negotiations and divestment commitments to increased transparency about investments in companies supporting the war on Gaza. This activism has led to the cessation of student encampments but also highlighted the substantial sacrifices made by students, including academic disruptions and personal risks. The primary drivers of these protests are poor university administration, lack of transparency, and inadequate communication between officials and students. This study examines the profound emotional, psychological, and professional impacts on students engaged in pro-Palestine protests, focusing on Generation Z's (Gen-Z) activism dynamics. This paper explores the significant sacrifices made by these students and even the professors supporting the pro-Palestine movement, with a focus on recent global movements. Through an in-depth analysis of printed and electronic media, the study examines the impacts of these sacrifices on the academic and personal lives of those involved. The paper highlights examples from various universities, demonstrating student activism's long-term and short-term effects, including disciplinary actions, social backlash, and career implications. The researchers also explore the broader implications of student sacrifices. The findings reveal that these sacrifices are driven by a profound commitment to justice and human rights, and are influenced by the increasing availability of information, peer interactions, and personal convictions. The study also discusses the broader implications of this activism, comparing it to historical precedents and assessing its potential to influence policy and public opinion. The emotional and psychological toll on student activists is significant, but their sense of purpose and community support mitigates some of these challenges. However, the researchers call for acknowledging the broader Impact of these sacrifices on the future global movement of FreePalestine.
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Juneteenth Freedom Day 2024 David Douglas School District
G12-SLM10-EAPP-final.pdf
1. ii
12
English for Academic and
Professional Purposes
Quarter 4: Module 10
Surveys, Experiments or Observations
2. iii
Grade Levels: Grade 11/12
Applied Track Subject: English for Academic and Professional Purposes
Quarter 4: Module 10 -Surveys, Experiments or Observations
First Edition, 2020
Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall
subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior
approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created
shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or
office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of
royalties.
Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos,
brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their
respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and
seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright
owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership
over them.
Published by the Department of Education
Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio
Printed in the Philippines by ________________________
Department of Education –Region VII Schools Division of Negros Oriental
Office Address: Kagawasan, Ave., Daro, Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental
Tele #: (035) 225 2376 / 541 1117
E-mail Address: negros.oriental@deped.gov.ph
Development Team of the Module
Writer: Pilita E. Ramirez
Editor: Ellen E. Edrial, EdD
Reviewer: Ellen E. Edrial, EdD
Illustrator: None
Layout Artist/ Typesetter: Josephine V. Austero
Management Team: Senen Priscillo P. Paulin, CESO V Rosela R. Abiera
Marcelo K. Palispis, EdD Maricel S. Rasid
Joeyleza M. Arcilla, EdD Elmar L. Cabrera
Nilita L. Ragay, EdD
Anna Lee A. Amores, EdD
3. iv
CONTENT PAGES
WHAT I KNOW ------------------------------------------------ 1
WHAT’S IN ------------------------------------------------ 1
WHAT’S NEW ------------------------------------------------ 2
WHAT IS IT ------------------------------------------------ 3
WHAT’S MORE ------------------------------------------------ 7
WHAT I HAVE LEARNED --------------------------------- 8
WHAT I CAN DO ---------------------------------------- 9
ASSESSMENT ------------------------------------------------ 11
ANSWER KEYS ------------------------------------------------ 12
REFERENCE LIST -------------------------------------------- 13
TABLE OF CONTENTS
4. 1
Task 1
Direction: Say anything about Survey, Experiment, and Observation in
relation to data collection. Do this on your notebook.
SURVEY EXPERIMENT
_________________________ _________________________
_________________________ _________________________
_________________________ _________________________
_______________________ ____________________
OBSERVATION
__________________________
__________________________
__________________________
__________________
Task 2
Direction: Identify the situations that describe Survey, Experiment or
Observation.
To test the redesign of its website, an online bookseller
assembled 96 users of the site and randomly divided
them into two groups. One group used the new
website to make a purchase and one group used the
old website to make the same purchase. Users of the 1. _____________________
new site were able to complete the purchase 22% faster.
WHAT I KNOW
WHAT’S IN
5. 2
A researcher asks college students how many hours of
sleep they got on an average night and examines
whether the number of hours of sleep affects the 2. _____________________
students’ grades.
Parks Department employee wants to know if latex
paint is more durable than non- latex paint. She has
50 park benches painted with latex paint and has 50 3. _____________________
park benches painted with non – latex paint.
A grocery store conducts an online study in which
customers are randomly selected and asked to 4. __________________
provide feedback on their shopping experience.
You are a social psychologist partnering with a cultural
anthropologist to study how cultural values connect to 5. ____________________
college students’ perceptions of cheating in school.
Source: https://quizizz.com/admin/quiz/5e1f55f57527fb001caa7128/surveys-experiments-
and-observational-studies
Task 3
Direction: Evaluate the text and answer the questions below.
Caring Doctors Shorten and Ease the Common Colds
Researchers have found that among patients with colds, those who gave
their doctors perfect scores on a questionnaire measuring empathy have colds
that did not last long and were less severe. Empathy on the part of doctors
included making patients feel at ease, listening to their concerns, and showing
compassion. A total of 350 subjects who were experiencing the onset of a cold
were randomly assigned to one of three groups: no doctor-patient interaction,
standard interaction, and enhanced interaction. Only subjects in the third group
saw doctors who had been coached on being empathetic.
https://mathbitsnotebook.com
WHAT’S NEW
6. 3
PROCESS QUESTIONS:
1. Is this a survey, an observation, or an experiment? How do you know?
2. What details of the research does the text include?
3 Was randomization used in the research? If so, how?
4. What conclusion can you draw from this text?
There are several methods of data collection and the most common are;
Survey, Experiments or Observations.
Let us familiarize the following terms:
A survey report presents a summary of all the responses that were
collected in a simple and visually appealing manner. It is also a type of
academic writing that uses research to provide information about a topic. It
involves questions that are formulated based on the research objective, to be
answered by respondents and later analyzed using appropriate data analysis
methods. To be able to disseminate the information from the survey, you
need to have good writing skills. Without good writing skills, the survey
report is at risk of being misrepresented or not explained well. When this
happens, the objective of the survey is not achieved, for it is the aim of
survey reports to present the survey data in a manner that is engaging and
understandable to various readers.
Source: https://www.elcomblus.com./write/survey.html
Experiment, in a strict sense is what we call a true experiment where the
researcher manipulates one variable, and control/ randomizes the rest of
the variables. It has a control group, the subjects have been randomly
assigned between the groups, and the researcher only tests one effect at a
time. According to Murdock (2020), in this method, you will randomly
select people and you need to split them into groups, and they will now your
control group.
WHAT IS IT
7. 4
An example of an experimental study:
Does the color of a basketball influence the number of times a shooter
sinks a basket? A random group of students is chosen and asked to shoot
a series of baskets using a regulation normal-colored basketball. The data
is recorded. The same group is then given a blue colored basketball and
the same number of shots is repeated. The data is again recorded. A
statistical analysis is performed. This is a designed experimental study
since the researcher manipulated the conditions of the study by changing
the color of the ball.
Source: https://mathbitsnotebook.com/Algebra2/Statistics/STSurveys.html
Observation is used to describe the behavior of a subject. As the name
suggests, it is a way of collecting relevant information and data by
observing. It is also referred to as participatory study because the researcher
has to establish a link with the respondent and for this, he has to immerse
himself in the same setting as theirs. Only then can he use the observation
method to record and take notes. This is also used in cases where you want
to avoid an error that can be a result of bias during evaluation and
interpretation processes and a way to obtain objective data by watching a
participant and recording it for analysis at a later stage. Observation is
associated with a few ethical issues as it needs the full consent of a
research participant.
Example of Observation
One example of a study using observation would be when a researcher wants to study
how children manage sharing of toys. He could observe a group of children playing in
the classroom, and record what things they say or do that determine who gets to play
with a coveted toy.
Source: https://www.marketing91.com./observation.html
Preparing a Survey Instrument
A survey instrument usually has four parts:
• personal information section for participants/ respondents (this is
usually optional since, except for disclosing the gender and age and
other general demographic information, most participants wish to
remain anonymous)
• basic questions that establish the eligibility of the participants /
respondents
• main questions that are directly linked to research questions
• open – ended questions (optional)
Follow these steps when preparing a Survey Instrument:
8. 5
1. Do a preliminary research. You may visit your library or use online
sources for this.
2. Talk to a person who is knowledgeable in preparing survey
instruments.
3. Master the guidelines in preparing a questionnaire or interview guide.
4. Clarify your research questions. Be sure that the items indicated in
your survey instrument are directly related to each specific research
question.
5. Write the instrument using the appropriate format. Get model
instruments if needed.
6. Edit your instrument and match it with your research questions.
7. Revise when necessary.
8. Pilot your survey instrument to further improve its quality. This
means that you have to get some respondents (colleagues or a small
sample of the target respondents) to try to answer the instrument and
give you feedback. Then, revise the instrument accordingly.
Source: Academic Reading and Writing for Senior High School, p.205
Example:
An open-ended question, that is placed in a box form and will permit your
respondents to provide a unique answer. This kind of approach is able to
provide the respondents the freedom to say what they feel about a topic,
which provided you with an exploratory data that may unleash important
issues, opportunities, issues, or quotes.
1. What course will you enroll in college?
2. How will your chosen course influence your future career?
Ways in conducting Surveys, Experiments or Observations:
SURVEYS are done in three (3) steps:
1) by email; 2) telephone; and 3) personal interview.
To conduct an effective survey, follow these six steps:
1. Determine who will participate in the survey.
2. Decide the type of survey (mail, online, or in-person)
3. Design the survey questions and layout.
4. Distribute the survey.
5. Analyze the responses.
6. Write up the results.
9. 6
A SURVEY MAY BE YOUR BEST CHOICE WHEN:
• You need a quick and efficient way of getting information
• You need to reach a large number of people
• You need statistically valid information about a large number of
people
• The information you need isn't readily available through other means
Source: https://try.typeform.com/online/survey
Here are some strategies that can help you write an affective conclusion for
your survey:
1. Focus on satisfying your SURVEY goal. The conclusion must answer
the queries presented by your survey goals and objectives.
2. Make a synthesis not a summary.
3. Use an academic tone in writing the conclusion.
4. Avoid sentimentality.
EXPERIMENTS
There are ways steps to follow in conducting experiments:
1. Identify and define the problem.
2. Review relevant literature.
3. Formulate hypotheses and deduce their consequences.
4. Construct an experimental design.
5. Conduct the experiment.
6. Compile raw data and condense to usable form.
7. Present findings and conclusions.
https://www.instructables.com
OBSERVATIONS
According to Buensuceso, Dacanay, Manalo, and San Gabriel (2016),
Observation may take place in natural settings and involve the researcher
taking lengthy and descriptive notes of what is happening. Observation can
sometimes obtain more reliable information about certain things – for
example, how people actually behave. It can also serve as a technique for
verifying or nullifying information provided in face-to-face encounters.
People or environment can be observed. When environment is researched, it
can provide valuable background information that may inform other aspects
of the research.
Techniques for collecting data through observation:
Written descriptions
- The researcher makes written descriptions of the people, situations or
Environment.
10. 7
- Limitations include:
• Researcher might miss out on an observation as they are taking notes.
• The researcher may be focused on a particular event or situation.
• There is room for subjective interpretation of what is happening.
Video recording
- Allows the researcher to also record notes
- Limitations may include:
• People acting unnaturally towards the camera or others avoiding the
camera.
• The camera may not always see everything.
Photographs and artifacts
- Useful when there is a need to collect observable information or
phenomena such as buildings, neighborhoods, dress, and appearance.
- Artifacts include objects of significance – memorabilia, instruments,
tools and others.
Source: www.shsph.blogspot.com
Task 4
Direction: Accomplish the table below.
Write at least two (2)
information gathered
from the text
An excerpt from an Observation Report
A. Intellectual Functioning. Mr. A. was not able to respond to any
part of the verbal test and in most parts of the performance test. He
just echoed whatever he heard from the psychologist. It was noted,
however, that he could name familiar objects shown in pictures, such
as man (lalake), woman (babae), fox (aso), elephant, and he knows
how to count up to 15. It was also observed that he is able to perform
tasks that require copying or imitation, such as reproducing some
geometric illustrations and block designs shown and copying some
symbols presented to him. Developmentally, Mr. A.’s performance skill
is similar to an 8 ½ -year old child.
https://www.slideshare.net/ayeshayaqoob102/sample-psych-reports
1.
2.
An excerpt from a Survey Report
Still, the survey results indicate that students of color had more positive
perceptions of school-based law enforcement than they had of police in
their community. Among Black students, this difference is three tenths of
a point, and among Latino students, the difference is two tenths of a
1.
WHAT'S MORE
11. 8
point. In comparison, on average, White students’ perceptions about
police at school and their perceptions about police in the community
were much the same. Data displayed in exhibit 6 reflect students’
reported feelings of relative safety with police in their school, based on
one survey item as an example: I feel safer with the officer at school.
Among Black students in the sample, 59 percent reported that this
statement was “not at all true” or “a little true,” compared with
39 percent of the sample’s White students, 46 percent of Latino
students, and 37 percent of Asian students. The differences in these
responses between Black students and all other groups, between Whites
and Latinos, and between Asians and Latinos are statistically significant.
The disparities in students’ reported feelings of safety are similar to the
disparities in their average responses to all survey items assessing
perceptions of police in their school.
https://www.wested.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/resource-high-
school-students-perceptions-of-police.pdf
2.
An excerpt from an Experiment Report
The results supported my first hypothesis that sucrose would be the most easily
detectable sugar by the flies. Flies show a selectivity of response to sugars based on
molecular size and structure. Glucose, the smallest of the three sugars, is a
monosaccharide. The threshold value of glucose was the highest in this experiment
because a higher concentration of this small sugar was needed to elicit a positive
response. Maltose and sucrose are both disaccharides but not with the same
molecular weight or composition. It has been shown that flies respond better to alpha-
glucosidase derivatives than to beta-glucosidase derivatives (Dethier 1975). Because
sucrose is an alpha glucosidase derivative, it makes sense that the threshold value for
sucrose occurs at a lower concentration than that for maltose. This might also be the
reason why sucrose tastes so sweet to people.
https://www.hamilton.edu/documents/Sample%20Bio%20Lab%20Report.pdf
1.
2.
Task 5 REFLECT
Directions: Write your reflection in your notebook by completing the
unfinished statements below.
I have learned that _______________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
I have realized that _______________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
I will apply _______________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________.
WHAT I HAVE LEARNED
12. 9
Task 6
Directions:
A. Conduct a survey of your schoolmates (at least 30)
following the sample format stated below. Please follow
the ways in conducting a survey.
B. Gather the information of the survey conducted.
Note: This will be done through fb messenger, video/telephone, emails
or hardcopies of this survey guide will be given to those who don’t have
any access of the internet and availability of smartphones. Strictly NO
FACE TO FACE.
SURVEY GUIDE
The questionnaire asks you to provide feedback on your experience of
studying through modular approach. Please indicate how much you agree
with each of the following statements by marking the appropriate box for
each question.
Name: __________________________________________ (optional)
Agree Neither
Agree or
Disagree
Disagree Not
Applicable
1. The way the module materials were
presented helped to maintain my interest.
2. Resources I accessed through the Library
(e.g. journal articles) helped me to
understand the core concepts of the lessons
in the module.
3. The instructions on how to complete the
assessed tasks were easy to follow.
4.There was enough time in the study
planner to prepare for the end of module
assessment.
5. Sufficient opportunities were provided to
check my understanding on the module, for
example by completing the tasks/ activities.
6. I was satisfied with the support provided
by my subject teacher on this module.
7.My teacher used a friendly/personal tone in
WHAT I CAN DO
13. 10
feedback on my assessed tasks.
8.My teacher encouraged me in my studies.
9.I could get in touch with my teacher when
necessary.
10.My teacher’s feedback on assessed tasks
helped me to learn.
Source: https://try.typeform.com/online/survey
In gathering information, complete the table below.
Number of respondents who answered
the following responses:
Agree Neither
Agree or
Disagree
Disagree Not
Applicable
1. The way the module materials were
presented helped to maintain my interest.
2. Resources I accessed through the Library
(e.g. journal articles) helped me to
understand the core concepts of the lessons
in the module.
3. The instructions on how to complete the
assessed tasks were easy to follow.
4.There was enough time in the study
planner to prepare for the end of module
assessment.
5. Sufficient opportunities were provided to
check my understanding on the module, for
example by completing the tasks/ activities.
6. I was satisfied with the support provided
by my subject teacher on this module.
7.My teacher used a friendly/personal tone
in feedback on my assessed tasks.
8.My teacher encouraged me in my studies.
9.I could get in touch with my teacher when
necessary.
10.My teacher’s feedback on assessed tasks
helped me to learn.
Source: https://try.typeform.com/online/survey
14. 11
Task 6
Direction: Read and identify whether the following statements are TRUE or
FALSE. Write T if it is correct, and F, if otherwise.
____ 1. To avoid bias in observational studies and surveys, it is important to
select subjects randomly.
_____ 2. In a survey, it is important to assign subjects to treatments
randomly in order to make cause – effect conclusions.
____ 3. Surveys are applicable to a wide range of topics.
____ 4. Video recording is a technique for collecting data through
observation.
____ 5. Basic questions that establish the eligibility of the participants /
respondents must be taken into consideration in an experimental
study.
____ 6. Observation is also used in cases where you want to avoid an error
in the result of your study.
____ 7. In experiment, you will randomly select people and you need to split
them into groups, and they will now your control group.
____ 8. Without good writing skills, the survey report is at risk of being
misrepresented or not explained well.
____ 9. Survey involves questions that are formulated based on the research
objective, to be answered by respondents and later analyzed using
appropriate data analysis methods.
____ 10. An experiment may be your best choice when you need to reach a
large number of people.
ASSESSMENT
16. 13
Book
Saqueton, Grace M, (2016).English for Academic and Professional Purposes.
Pasig City: Rex Book Store.
Online Sources
Bhasin, H. (n. d.). Marketing Blog for Students and professionals.
Marketing91. https://www.marketing91.com./observation.html
COVID-19 Vaccine Update. Welcome to URMC-Rochester, NY-University of
Rochester Medical Center. (n. d.). https://www.urmc.rochester.edu
Roberts, D.R. and F. (n. d). Surveys, Experiments, Observational Studies-
MathBitsNotebook(A2-CCSSMath).
https://mathbitsnotebook.com/Algebra2/Statistics/STSurveys.html
Surveys, experiments, and Observational Studies-Quiz. Quizizz. (n. d).
https://quizizz.com/admin/quiz/5e1f55f57527fb001caa7128/.
https://www.olma.org/ourpages/auto/2017/9/15/36010421/Surveys_%2
0Experiments%20and%20Observational%20Studies.pdf
https://www.hawaii.edu/mauispeech/pdf/interviewschedule.pdf
https://try.typeform.com/online/survey
REFERENCES
17. 14
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
Department of Education – Schools Division of Negros
Oriental
Kagawasan, Avenue, Daro, Dumaguete City, Negros
Oriental
Tel #: (035) 225 2376 / 541 1117
Email Address: negros.oriental@deped.gov.ph
Website: lrmds.depednodis.net