This document presents a common fixed point theorem for compatible mappings. It begins with definitions of commuting, weakly commuting, and compatible mappings. It then states the main theorem - that if mappings P, Q, S, T satisfy certain conditions, including being compatible and a contraction-type inequality, then they have a unique common fixed point. The proof of the theorem is presented, showing that the mappings converge to a single point z, which is proven to be the unique common fixed point. A corollary is also presented as an extension of the main result.
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
Some Common Fixed Point Theorems for Multivalued Mappings in Two Metric SpacesIJMER
In this paper we prove some common fixed point theorems for multivalued mappings in two
complete metric spaces.
AMS Mathematics Subject Classification: 47H10, 54H25
Some Common Fixed Point Results for Expansive Mappings in a Cone Metric SpaceIOSR Journals
The purpose of this work is to extend and generalize some common fixed point theorems for Expansive type mappings in complete cone metric spaces. We are attempting to generalize the several well- known recent results. Mathematical subject classification; 54H25, 47H10
International Journal of Mathematics and Statistics Invention (IJMSI) inventionjournals
International Journal of Mathematics and Statistics Invention (IJMSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJMSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Mathematics and Statistics, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Common Fixed Point Theorems in Uniform SpacesIJLT EMAS
In the process of generalization of metric spaces to
Topological spaces, a few aspects of metric spaces are lost.
Therefore, the requirement of generalization of metric spaces
leads to the theory of uniform spaces. Uniform spaces stand
somewhere in between metric spaces and general topological
spaces. Khan[6] extended fixed point theorems due to Hardy and
Rogers[2], Jungck[4] and Acharya[1] in uniform space by
obtaining some results on common fixed points for a pair of
commuting mappings defined on a sequentially complete
Hausdorff uniform space. Rhoades et. al.[7] generalized the
result of Khan[6] by establishing a general fixed point theorem
for four compatible maps in uniform space .
In this paper, a common fixed point theorem in
uniform spaces is proved which generalizes the result of Khan[6]
and Rhoades et al.[7] by employing the less restrictive condition
of weak compatibility for one pair and the condition of
compatibility for second pair, the result is proved for six selfmappings.
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
Some Common Fixed Point Theorems for Multivalued Mappings in Two Metric SpacesIJMER
In this paper we prove some common fixed point theorems for multivalued mappings in two
complete metric spaces.
AMS Mathematics Subject Classification: 47H10, 54H25
Some Common Fixed Point Results for Expansive Mappings in a Cone Metric SpaceIOSR Journals
The purpose of this work is to extend and generalize some common fixed point theorems for Expansive type mappings in complete cone metric spaces. We are attempting to generalize the several well- known recent results. Mathematical subject classification; 54H25, 47H10
International Journal of Mathematics and Statistics Invention (IJMSI) inventionjournals
International Journal of Mathematics and Statistics Invention (IJMSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJMSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Mathematics and Statistics, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Common Fixed Point Theorems in Uniform SpacesIJLT EMAS
In the process of generalization of metric spaces to
Topological spaces, a few aspects of metric spaces are lost.
Therefore, the requirement of generalization of metric spaces
leads to the theory of uniform spaces. Uniform spaces stand
somewhere in between metric spaces and general topological
spaces. Khan[6] extended fixed point theorems due to Hardy and
Rogers[2], Jungck[4] and Acharya[1] in uniform space by
obtaining some results on common fixed points for a pair of
commuting mappings defined on a sequentially complete
Hausdorff uniform space. Rhoades et. al.[7] generalized the
result of Khan[6] by establishing a general fixed point theorem
for four compatible maps in uniform space .
In this paper, a common fixed point theorem in
uniform spaces is proved which generalizes the result of Khan[6]
and Rhoades et al.[7] by employing the less restrictive condition
of weak compatibility for one pair and the condition of
compatibility for second pair, the result is proved for six selfmappings.
8 fixed point theorem in complete fuzzy metric space 8 megha shrivastavaBIOLOGICAL FORUM
ABSTRACT: In this paper our works establish a new fixed point theorem for a different type of mapping in complete fuzzy metric space. Here we define a mapping by using some proved results and obtain a result on the actuality of fixed points. We inspired by the concept of Hossein Piri and Poom Kumam [15]. They introduced the fixed point theorem for generalized F-suzuki -contraction mappings in complete b-metric space. Next Robert plebaniak [16] express his idea by result “New generalized fuzzy metric space and fixed point theorem in fuzzy metric space”. This paper also induces comparing of the outcome with existing result in the literature.
Keywords: Fuzzy set, Fuzzy metric space, Cauchy sequence Non- decreasing sequence, Fixed point, Mapping.
A Common Fixed Point Theorem on Fuzzy Metric Space Using Weakly Compatible an...inventionjournals
The aim of this paper is to prove a fixed point theorem in a complete fuzzy metric space using six self maps. We prove our theorem with the concept of weakly compatible mappings and semi-compatible mappings in complete fuzzy metric space.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
All optical single module phase encoded half-adder and halfsubtractor exploit...IOSR Journals
Abstract: The development of all optical super fast arithmetic logic unit (ALU) is one of the most important
requirement for construction of super fast all optical processor. All optical half-adder and half-subtractor have
performed most of the essential functions of the arithmetic logic unit. Here in this paper the author has
proposed a scheme of single module for phase encoded simultaneous operation of half-addition and halfsubtraction
for the same input bits using four wave mixing (FWM) in semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA).
This type of single module for simultaneous operations using phase encoding based on the difference of phase
with the reference signal one through FWM in SOA will gives fast response to accomplish the demand of super
fast all optical processing.
Keywords - ALU, FWM, SOA, half-adder and half-subtractor.
Study of Instability of Streaming Rivlin-Ericksen Fluid in Porous MediumIOSR Journals
There are many elastoviscous fluids that can be characterised neither by Maxwell’s constitutive relations nor by Oldroyd’s constitutive relations. One such class of viscoelastic fluids is the Rivlin– Ericksen’s fluid. RIVLIN and ERICKSEN] have proposed a theoretical model for such viscoelastic fluid. The behaviour of surface waves propagating between two Rivlin–Ericksen elastico-viscous fluids is examined. The investigation is made in the presence of a vertical electric field and a relative horizontal constant velocity. The influence of both surface tension and gravity force is taken into account. Due to the inclusion of streaming flow a mathematical simplification is considered. The viscoelastic contribution is demonstrated in the boundary conditions. From this point of view the approximation equations of motion are solved in the absence of viscoelastic effects. The solutions of the linearized equations of motion under nonlinear boundary conditions lead to derivation of a nonlinear equation governing the interfacial displacement and having damping terms with complex coefficients.
8 fixed point theorem in complete fuzzy metric space 8 megha shrivastavaBIOLOGICAL FORUM
ABSTRACT: In this paper our works establish a new fixed point theorem for a different type of mapping in complete fuzzy metric space. Here we define a mapping by using some proved results and obtain a result on the actuality of fixed points. We inspired by the concept of Hossein Piri and Poom Kumam [15]. They introduced the fixed point theorem for generalized F-suzuki -contraction mappings in complete b-metric space. Next Robert plebaniak [16] express his idea by result “New generalized fuzzy metric space and fixed point theorem in fuzzy metric space”. This paper also induces comparing of the outcome with existing result in the literature.
Keywords: Fuzzy set, Fuzzy metric space, Cauchy sequence Non- decreasing sequence, Fixed point, Mapping.
A Common Fixed Point Theorem on Fuzzy Metric Space Using Weakly Compatible an...inventionjournals
The aim of this paper is to prove a fixed point theorem in a complete fuzzy metric space using six self maps. We prove our theorem with the concept of weakly compatible mappings and semi-compatible mappings in complete fuzzy metric space.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
All optical single module phase encoded half-adder and halfsubtractor exploit...IOSR Journals
Abstract: The development of all optical super fast arithmetic logic unit (ALU) is one of the most important
requirement for construction of super fast all optical processor. All optical half-adder and half-subtractor have
performed most of the essential functions of the arithmetic logic unit. Here in this paper the author has
proposed a scheme of single module for phase encoded simultaneous operation of half-addition and halfsubtraction
for the same input bits using four wave mixing (FWM) in semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA).
This type of single module for simultaneous operations using phase encoding based on the difference of phase
with the reference signal one through FWM in SOA will gives fast response to accomplish the demand of super
fast all optical processing.
Keywords - ALU, FWM, SOA, half-adder and half-subtractor.
Study of Instability of Streaming Rivlin-Ericksen Fluid in Porous MediumIOSR Journals
There are many elastoviscous fluids that can be characterised neither by Maxwell’s constitutive relations nor by Oldroyd’s constitutive relations. One such class of viscoelastic fluids is the Rivlin– Ericksen’s fluid. RIVLIN and ERICKSEN] have proposed a theoretical model for such viscoelastic fluid. The behaviour of surface waves propagating between two Rivlin–Ericksen elastico-viscous fluids is examined. The investigation is made in the presence of a vertical electric field and a relative horizontal constant velocity. The influence of both surface tension and gravity force is taken into account. Due to the inclusion of streaming flow a mathematical simplification is considered. The viscoelastic contribution is demonstrated in the boundary conditions. From this point of view the approximation equations of motion are solved in the absence of viscoelastic effects. The solutions of the linearized equations of motion under nonlinear boundary conditions lead to derivation of a nonlinear equation governing the interfacial displacement and having damping terms with complex coefficients.
COMMON FIXED POINT THEOREMS IN COMPATIBLE MAPPINGS OF TYPE (P*) OF GENERALIZE...mathsjournal
In this paper, we give some new definition of Compatible mappings of type (P), type (P-1) and type (P-2) in intuitionistic generalized fuzzy metric spaces and prove Common fixed point theorems for six mappings under the conditions of compatible mappings of type (P-1) and type (P-2) in complete intuitionistic fuzzy metric spaces. Our results intuitionistically fuzzify the result of Muthuraj and Pandiselvi [15]
COMMON FIXED POINT THEOREMS IN COMPATIBLE MAPPINGS OF TYPE (P*) OF GENERALIZE...mathsjournal
In this paper, we give some new definition of Compatible mappings of type (P), type (P-1) and type (P-2) in intuitionistic generalized fuzzy metric spaces and prove Common fixed point theorems for six mappings under the conditions of compatible mappings of type (P-1) and type (P-2) in complete intuitionistic fuzzy metric spaces.
COMMON FIXED POINT THEOREMS IN COMPATIBLE MAPPINGS OF TYPE (P*) OF GENERALIZE...mathsjournal
In this paper, we give some new definition of Compatible mappings of type (P), type (P-1) and type (P-2) in intuitionistic generalized fuzzy metric spaces and prove Common fixed point theorems for six mappings under the
conditions of compatible mappings of type (P-1) and type (P-2) in complete intuitionistic fuzzy metric spaces. Our results intuitionistically fuzzify the result of Muthuraj and Pandiselvi [15]
Mathematics subject classifications: 45H10, 54H25
Common Fixed Point Theorems in Compatible Mappings of Type (P*) of Generalize...mathsjournal
In this paper, we give some new definition of Compatible mappings of type (P), type (P-1) and type (P-2) in intuitionistic generalized fuzzy metric spaces and prove Common fixed point theorems for six mappings
under the conditions of compatible mappings of type (P-1) and type (P-2) in complete intuitionistic fuzzy
metric spaces. Our results intuitionistically fuzzify the result of Muthuraj and Pandiselvi [15]
Mathematics subject classifications: 45H10, 54H25
International Journal of Mathematics and Statistics Invention (IJMSI) inventionjournals
International Journal of Mathematics and Statistics Invention (IJMSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJMSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Mathematics and Statistics, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
Common Fixed Point Theorems For Occasionally Weakely Compatible Mappingsiosrjce
Som [11 ] establishes a common fixed point theorem for R-weakly Commuting mappings in a Fuzzy
metric space.The object of this Paper is to prove some fixed point theorems for occasionally Weakly compatible
mappings by improving the condition of Som[11 ].
Fixed points of contractive and Geraghty contraction mappings under the influ...IJERA Editor
In this paper, we prove the existence of fixed points of contractive and Geraghty contraction maps in complete metric spaces under the influence of altering distances. Our results extend and generalize some of the known results.
International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentIJERD Editor
Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering,
Information Engineering and Technology,
Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,
Automation and Mechatronics Engineering,
Material and Chemical Engineering,
Civil and Architecture Engineering,
Biotechnology and Bio Engineering,
Environmental Engineering,
Petroleum and Mining Engineering,
Marine and Agriculture engineering,
Aerospace Engineering.
Fixed Point Theorem in Fuzzy Metric Space Using (CLRg) Propertyinventionjournals
The object of this paper is to establish a common fixed point theorem for semi-compatible pair of self maps by using CLRg Property in fuzzy metric space.
A Fixed Point Theorem Using Common Property (E. A.) In PM Spacesinventionjournals
International Journal of Mathematics and Statistics Invention (IJMSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJMSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Mathematics and Statistics, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
ISI 2024: Application Form (Extended), Exam Date (Out), EligibilitySciAstra
The Indian Statistical Institute (ISI) has extended its application deadline for 2024 admissions to April 2. Known for its excellence in statistics and related fields, ISI offers a range of programs from Bachelor's to Junior Research Fellowships. The admission test is scheduled for May 12, 2024. Eligibility varies by program, generally requiring a background in Mathematics and English for undergraduate courses and specific degrees for postgraduate and research positions. Application fees are ₹1500 for male general category applicants and ₹1000 for females. Applications are open to Indian and OCI candidates.
Travis Hills' Endeavors in Minnesota: Fostering Environmental and Economic Pr...Travis Hills MN
Travis Hills of Minnesota developed a method to convert waste into high-value dry fertilizer, significantly enriching soil quality. By providing farmers with a valuable resource derived from waste, Travis Hills helps enhance farm profitability while promoting environmental stewardship. Travis Hills' sustainable practices lead to cost savings and increased revenue for farmers by improving resource efficiency and reducing waste.
ANAMOLOUS SECONDARY GROWTH IN DICOT ROOTS.pptxRASHMI M G
Abnormal or anomalous secondary growth in plants. It defines secondary growth as an increase in plant girth due to vascular cambium or cork cambium. Anomalous secondary growth does not follow the normal pattern of a single vascular cambium producing xylem internally and phloem externally.
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
The ability to recreate computational results with minimal effort and actionable metrics provides a solid foundation for scientific research and software development. When people can replicate an analysis at the touch of a button using open-source software, open data, and methods to assess and compare proposals, it significantly eases verification of results, engagement with a diverse range of contributors, and progress. However, we have yet to fully achieve this; there are still many sociotechnical frictions.
Inspired by David Donoho's vision, this talk aims to revisit the three crucial pillars of frictionless reproducibility (data sharing, code sharing, and competitive challenges) with the perspective of deep software variability.
Our observation is that multiple layers — hardware, operating systems, third-party libraries, software versions, input data, compile-time options, and parameters — are subject to variability that exacerbates frictions but is also essential for achieving robust, generalizable results and fostering innovation. I will first review the literature, providing evidence of how the complex variability interactions across these layers affect qualitative and quantitative software properties, thereby complicating the reproduction and replication of scientific studies in various fields.
I will then present some software engineering and AI techniques that can support the strategic exploration of variability spaces. These include the use of abstractions and models (e.g., feature models), sampling strategies (e.g., uniform, random), cost-effective measurements (e.g., incremental build of software configurations), and dimensionality reduction methods (e.g., transfer learning, feature selection, software debloating).
I will finally argue that deep variability is both the problem and solution of frictionless reproducibility, calling the software science community to develop new methods and tools to manage variability and foster reproducibility in software systems.
Exposé invité Journées Nationales du GDR GPL 2024
Comparing Evolved Extractive Text Summary Scores of Bidirectional Encoder Rep...University of Maribor
Slides from:
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Track: Artificial Intelligence
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/
This presentation explores a brief idea about the structural and functional attributes of nucleotides, the structure and function of genetic materials along with the impact of UV rays and pH upon them.
Nucleic Acid-its structural and functional complexity.
Compatible Mapping and Common Fixed Point Theorem
1. IOSR Journal of Mathematics (IOSR-JM)
e-ISSN: 2278-5728,p-ISSN: 2319-765X, Volume 7, Issue 1 (May. - Jun. 2013), PP 46-48
www.iosrjournals.org
www.iosrjournals.org 46 | Page
Compatible Mapping and Common Fixed Point Theorem
Rajesh Shrivastava1
, Neha Jain2
, K. Qureshi3
1
Deptt . of Mathematics , Govt. Science and comm. College Benazir Bhopal( M.P) India
2
Research Scholar , Govt. Science and comm. College Benazir Bhopal( M.P)"
3
Additional Director, Higher Education Deptt. Govt. of M.P., Bhopal (M.P) India
Abstract: In this paper we prove common fixed point theorem for compatible mapping.
Key Words: Common Fixed Point, Compatible Mapping ,Commuting mapping ,Metric Space
I. Introduction
The study of Common Fixed Point of mapping satisfying contraction type condition has been a very
active field of research activity during the last three decades. The concept of common fixed point theorem for
commuting mappings was given by Jungck [6], which generalizes the Banach’s [1] Fixed Point Theorem. The
result Was generalized and extended in various ways by Iseki and singh [5],Park [12],Das And Naik [2],Singh
[15]Singh and Singh [16],Fisher [3],Park and Bae [13]. Recently ,some Common Fixed Point Theorems of three
and four commuting mappings were proved by Fisher [3],Khan and Imdad [10], Kang and kim [9],and Lohani
and Badshah [11].
The concept of generalizion of commutability is given by Seesa[14], which is called weak
commutability , which generalizes the result of Das and Naik [2],More generalized commutability was
introduced by Jungck [7],which is called compatibility .The utility of compatibility was initially demonstrated in
extending a theorem of Park and Bae [13 ] in the concept of Fixed Point Theory. In general, commuting
mappings are weakly commuting and weakly commuting mapping are compatible, but the converse are not
necessarily true. The purpose of this paper is to generalize a common Fixed Point Theorem, which extend the
result of Fisher[4], Jungck [8] , and Lohani and Badshah [11] by using a functional inequality and compatible
mappings instead of commuting mappings. To illustrate our main theorem,
II. Preliminaries
DEFINITIONS 2.1: - If S and T are mappings from a metric space (X ,d) into itself ,are called
(i) Commuting on X if
d(STx , TSx) = 0 for all x in X .
(ii) Weakly commuting on X , if
d(STx,TSx) ≤ d(Sx,Tx) for all x in X . Commuting mappings are weakly commuting, but he converse
is not necessarily true.
DEFINITION 2.2:-If S and T are mapping from a metric space (X ,d) into itself ,are called compatible on X .if
limSxm = limTxm =x for some point x in X .
m→∞ m→∞
clearly , S and T are compatible mappings on X ,then d (STx ,TSx) = 0 when d (Sx,Tx) = 0 for some x in X.
Weakly commuting mappings are compatible; the converse is not necessarily true:
Lemma 2.1[7]:- Let S and T be compatible mappings from a Metric space (X, d) into itself. Suppose that
lim Sxm = lim Txm = x for some point x in X .
m→∞ m→∞
Then lim Txm = S x , if S is continuous m→∞
m→∞
Now Let P , Q , S and T are mappings from a complete Metric space (X ,d) into itself satisfying the condition
S(X) ⊂ Q(X) , T(X) ⊂ P(X) …………… (A)
d(S x ,Ty) ≤ α { [d(Px ,Sx) ]3
+ [d(Qy ,Ty)]3
/ [d(Px ,Sx)]2
+[d(Qy ,Ty)]2
} + β d(Px,Qy ) ……… (B)
For all x ,y ∈ X ,where α, β ≥ 0 and α +β< 1 .Then for an arbitrary point x0 ∈ X , by (A) we choose a point x1 in
X such that
Qx1 = Sx0 and for this point x1 , there exist a point x2 in X such that
Px2 = Tx1 and so on. Proceeding in the similar manner , we can define a sequence {ym} in X such that
Y2m+1 = Q x2m+1 = Sx2m
2. Compatible Mapping And Common Fixed Point Theorem
www.iosrjournals.org 47 | Page
And
Y2m = Px2m = Tx2m-1 ………………(C)
Lemma 2.2[8] :- Let P, Q, S , and T be mappings from a Metric Space (X ,d) into itself satisfying the
conditions (A) and (B) . then the sequence { ym} defined by (C) is a Cauchy sequence .
Our aim of this paper to prove the following theorem:-
III. Main Result
Theorem: - Let P, Q, S and T be mapping s from a complete Metric Space (X ,d) into itself
satisfying the conditions
(i) P(X) ⊂ T(X) , Q(X) ⊂ S(X)
(ii) [d(Px , Qy)]2
≤ a [d(Px ,Sx)d(Qy,Ty)+d(Qy, Sx)d(Px ,Ty)] +
b[d(Px ,Sx)d(Px ,Ty)+d(Qy ,Ty)d(Qy ,Sx)]
where 0 ≤ a+2b < 1 ; a ,b ≥ 0
(a) One of P, Q, S and T is continuous .
(b) P, S and Q ,T are compatible on X.
Then P, Q, S and T have a unique common fixed point in X.
PROOF :- Let {yn} is Cauchy sequence and since X is complete so there exist a point z ε X
such that lim yn = z as n→∞ .
consequently sequences Px2n ,Sx2n , Qx2n-1 and Tx2n+1 converges to z.
Let S be continuous . Since P and S are compatible on X. we have s2
x2n → Sz and PSx2n →Sz as n→∞,
[d(Px ,Qy)]2
≤ a [d(Px,Sx)d(Qy,Ty)+d(Qy,Sx)d(Px,Ty)] +b[d(Px,Sx)d(Px,Ty)+d(Qy,Ty)d(Qy,Sx)]
we have
[d(PSx2n,Qx2n-1)]2
≤ a[d(PSx2n ,s2
x2n)d(Qx2n-1,Tx2n-1) + d(Qx2n-1 ,S2
x2n)d(PSx2n-1,Tx2n-1)] +
b[d(PSx2n,S2
x2n)d(PSx2n,Tx2n-1) + d(Qx2n-1,Tx2n-1)d(Qx2n-1,s2
x2n)]
as n→∞
we have [d(Sz, z)]2
≤ a[d(Sz,z)]2
Which is a contradiction .
Hence Sz = z
Now
[d(Pz,Qx2n-1)]2
≤ a[d (Pz ,Sz)d(Qx2n-1,Tx2n-1) + d(Qx2n-1,Sz)d(Pz,Tx2n-1)] +
b[d(Pz ,Sz)d(Pz ,Tx2n-1) +d(Qx2n-1,Tx2n-1)d(Qx2n-1,Sz)]
Letting n→∞ , we have
[d(Pz ,z)]2
≤ a[d(Pz,z) d(z,z) +d(z,Sz) d(Pz,z)]+ b[d(Pz,z)d(Pz,z) +d(z,z)d(z,z)]
≤ a[d(Pz,z) d(z ,z) +d( z,z)d(P z,z)]+ b[d(Pz ,z)d(Pz,z) +d(z,z)d(z,z)]
≤ a[d(Pz,z) 0 + 0 d(Pz ,z)] + b[d(Pz,z)]2
+ 0 ]
≤ a[ 0 + 0] + b [ d(Pz,z)]2
[d(Pz ,z)]2
≤ b [d(Pz ,z)]2
Which is a contradiction
Hence Pz = z
Now since Pz = z by condition (i) z ε T(X).
Also T is self map of X . so there exist a point u ε X such that z = Pz = Tu . More over by condition (ii) we
obtain
[d(z,Qu)]2
= [d(Pz ,Qu)]2
≤ a[d(Pz ,Sz) d(Qu,Tu) + d(Qu ,Sz)d(Pz , Tu)] +
b[d(Pz ,Sz) d(Pz,Tu) + d(Qu,Tu) d(Qu,Sz)]
i.e
[d(z,Qu)]2
≤ b[d(z,Qu)]2
Hence Qu = z i.e z = Tu = Qu
We have TQu = QTu [ by the definition of the compatible]
Hence Tz = Qz
Now
[d(z,Tz)]2
= [d(Pz,Qz)]2
≤ a[d(Pz,Sz)d(Qz,Tz) + d(Qz,Sz)d(Pz,Tz)] + b[d(Pz,Sz)d(Pz,Tz) + d(Qz,Tz)d(Qz,Sz)]
i.e [d(z ,Tz)]2
≤ a[d(z,Tz)]2
which is a contradiction. Hence z = Tz i.e z = Tz = Qz
3. Compatible Mapping And Common Fixed Point Theorem
www.iosrjournals.org 48 | Page
Therefore z is common fixed point of P , Q , S and T .
Similarly we can prove this when any one of P, Q or T is continuous.
Finally , in order to prove the uniqueness of z , suppose w be another common
Fixed Point P, Q , S and T
then we have
[d(z,w)]2
= [d(Pz , Qw)]2
≤ a[d(Pz , Sz)d(Qw , Tw) + d(Qw , Sw)d(Pz , Tw)] +
b[d(Pz , Sz)d(Pz , Tw) + d(Qw , Tw)d(Qw , Sz)]
which gives
[d(z,Tw)]2
≤ a[d(z,Tw)]2
. Hence z = w
This completes the proof. Therefore, z is a unique common Fixed Point of P , Q , S and T .
Hence proved……
COROLLARY3.1 :- Let P, Q, S and T be mapping s from a complete Metric Space (X ,d) into itself
satisfying the conditions
(i) P(X) ⊆ T(X) , Q(X) ⊆ S(X)
(ii) [d(Px ,Qy)]2
≤ a [d(Px,Sx)d(Qy,Ty) + d(Qy,Sx)d(Px,Ty)] +
b[d(Px,Sx)d(Px,Ty) + d(Qy,Ty)d(Qy,Sx)]
where 0 ≤ a+2b < 1 ; a , b ≥ 0
Then P , Q , S and T have a unique common Fixed Point.
Refrences
[1] Banach , S., Sur les operations dans les ensembles abstraits et leurs applications ,Fund. Math. 3:133-181(1922).
[2] Das , K.M. and Naik ,K.V., common Fixed point Theorems for commuting maps Mon a Metric Space, Proc.Amer.
Math.Soc.77:369(1979).
[3] Fisher, B., common Fixed Point of commuting mappings, Bull. Inst. Math. Acad. Scinica , 9:399(1981).
[4] Fisher , B., common Fixed Point of four mappings, Bull. Inst.Math. Acad. Scinica ,11: 103(1983).
[5] Iseki , K. and Singh ,Bijendra ,On common Fixed point theorems of mappings Math. Sem. Notes,Kobe Univ., 2: 96(1974).
[6] Jungck, G., commuting maps and Fixed points Amer .Math. Monthly, 83: 261(1976).
[7] Jungck, G., compatible mappings and common Fixed points ,Internat. J. Math. and Math .Sci., 9: 771(1986).
[8] ungck, G., compatible mappings and common Fixed points (2) , Internat. J. Math. and Math .Sci., 11: 285(1985).
[9] Kang , S.M. and Kim ,Y.P., Common Fixed point theorems, Math. Japonica , 37: 1037(1992).
[10] Khan ,M .S. and Imdad , M., Some common Fixed Point theorems, Glesnik Mat.18:(38), 321(1983).
[11] Lohani, P.C. and Badshah , V.H., Compatibles mappings and common Fixed point for four mappings, Bull . Cal. Math . Soc. ,
90:301-308(1998)
[12] Park , S., Fixed points of f-contractive maps, Rocky Mountain J. Math. , 8:743(1977).
[13] Park , S. and Bae, J.S., Extensions of common Fixed point theorem of Mier and Keeler, Ark. Math.,19:223(1981).
[14] Seesa, S., On a weak commutativity condition of mappings in Fixed point considerations, Publ. Inst. Math.32:(46) ,
149(1982).
[15] Singh , S.L., Applications of a common fixed point theorem ,Math . Sem. Notes, 6: 37(1978).
[16] Singh , S.L. and singh , S.P., A fixed point theorem , Indian J. Pure Appl. Math.11: 1584(1980).