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ISSN 2224-3186 (Paper) ISSN 2225-0921 (Online)
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Definition 2.3. A function Φ: [0, ∞) → [0, ∞) is said to be a contractive modulus if Φ (0)
=0 and
Φ (t) <t for t > 0.
3.Main Result
Theorem 3.1. Let S,R,T,U and I are five self maps of a complete metric space (X,d) into
itself satisfying the following conditions:
(i) SR ∪ TU ⊂ I ( x)
(ii) d ( SRx, TUy ) ≤ α d ( Ix, Iy ) + β [d ( SRx, Ix) + d (TUy, Iy )] + γ [d ( Ix, TUy ) + d ( Iy, SRx)
for all x, y ∈ X and α , β and γ are non negative real’s such that
α + 2β + 2γ p 1
(iii) One of S,R,T,U and I is continuous
(iv) (SR,I) and (TU,I) are compatible of type (A). then SR,TU and I have a unique
common
fixed point. Further if the pairs (S,R), (S,I), (R,I),(T,U), (T,I) ,(U,I) are commuting
pairs then S,R,T,U,I have a unique common fixed point.
Proof: Let x0 in X be arbitrary. Construct a sequence {Ixn} as follows:
Ix2n+1 = SRx2n , Ix2n+2 =TUx2n+1 n=0,1,2,3…
From condition (ii),we have
d ( Ix2 n +1 , Ix2 n + 2 ) = d ( SRx2 n , TUx2 n +1 ) ≤ α d ( Ix2 n , Ix2 n +1 ) + β [ d ( SRx2 n , Ix2 n ) + d (TUx2 n +1 , Ix2 n +1 )] + γ [ d ( Ix2 n , TUx2 n +
d ( Ix2 n +1 , SRx2 n )]
= α d ( Ix2 n , Ix2 n +1 ) + β [d ( Ix2 n+1 , Ix2 n ) + d ( Ix2 n + 2 , Ix2 n+1 )] + γ [d ( Ix2 n , I 2 n+ 2 ) + d ( Ix2 n +1 , Ix2 n +1 )]
≤ (α + β + γ )d ( Ix2 n , Ix2 n +1 ) + ( β + γ )d ( Ix2 n +1 , Ix2 n + 2 )
Therefore, we have
α + β +γ
d ( Ix2 n+1 , Ix2 n + 2 ) ≤ d ( Ix2 n , Ix2 n +1 )
1 − (β + γ )
α + β +γ
i.e d ( Ix2 n +1 , Ix2 n+ 2 ) ≤ hd ( Ix2 n , Ix2 n +1 ) where h = p1
1 − (β + γ )
Similarly, we can show that
d ( Ix2 n +1 , Ix2 n + 2 ) ≤ h 2 n+1d ( Ix0 , Ix1 )
For k f n , we have
d ( Ixn , Ixn + k ) ≤ ∑ d ( I n +i −1 , I n +i )
2|P a ge
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![Journal of Natural Sciences Research www.iiste.org
ISSN 2224-3186 (Paper) ISSN 2225-0921 (Online)
Vol.1, No.1, 2011
k
≤ ∑ h n +i −1d ( I 0 , I1 )
i =1
hn
d ( Ixn , Ixn + k ) ≤ d ( Ix0 , Ix1 ) → 0 as n → ∞
1− h
Hence { Ixn } is a Cauchy sequence. Since X is complete metric space ∃z ∈ X such
that Ixn → z . Then the subsequence of { Ixn } , {SRx2n } and {TUx2 n +1} also converges to z.
i.e {SRx2n } → z & {TUx2 n +1} → z .
Suppose that I is continuous and the pair {SR,I} is compatible of type (A),
then from condition (ii), we have
d ( SR ( Ix2 n ), TUx2 n+1 ) ≤ α d ( I 2 x2 n , Ix2 n +1 ) + β [d ( SR ( Ix2 n ), I 2 x2 n ) + d (TUx2 n+1 , Ix2 n +1 )] +
γ [d ( I 2 x2 n , TUx2 n+1 ) + d ( Ix2 n +1 , SR ( Ix2 n ))]
Since I is continuous, I 2 x2n → Iz as n → ∞ .
The pair (SR,I) is compatible of type (A), then SRIx2n → Iz as n→∞
Letting n → ∞ , we have
d ( Iz, z ) ≤ α d ( Iz, z ) + β [d ( Iz, Iz ) + d ( z, z )] + γ [d ( Iz, z ) + d ( z, Iz )]
= (α + 2γ )d ( Iz , z )
Hence
d ( Iz, z ) = 0 and Iz = z since α + 2γ < 1
Again, we have
d ( SRz , TUx2 n +1 ) ≤ α d ( Iz, Ix2 n +1 ) + β [d (SRz, Iz ) + d (TUx2 n +1 , Ix2 n+1 )] + γ [d ( Iz, TUx2 n +1 ) + d ( Ix2 n+1 , SRz )]
Letting n → ∞ and using Iz = z , we have
d ( SRz , z ) ≤ α d ( z, z ) + β [d (SRz, Iz ) + d ( z, z )] + γ [d ( z, z ) + d ( z, SRz )]
= ( β + γ )d ( SRz, z )
Hence d ( SRz, z ) = 0 and ( SR) z = z since β + γ < 1
Since SR ⊂ I , ∃z ′ ∈ X such that
z = SRz = Iz′ = Iz
Now
d ( z, TUz′) = d (SRz, TUz′)
≤ α d ( Iz, Iz′) + β [d ( SRz, Iz ) + d (TUz′, Iz′)] + γ [d ( Iz , TUz′) + d ( Iz′, SRz )]
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![Journal of Natural Sciences Research www.iiste.org
ISSN 2224-3186 (Paper) ISSN 2225-0921 (Online)
Vol.1, No.1, 2011
= α d ( z, z ) + β [d ( z, z ) + d (TUz′, z )] + γ [d ( z, TUz′) + d ( SRz, SRz )]
Implies d (TUz′, z ) = 0 as α + γ < 1
Hence TUz′ = z = Iz′
Take yn = z′ for n ≥ 1, we have TUyn → Tz′
Now, again
d ( z, TUz ) = d ( SRz, TUz )
≤ α d ( Iz, Iz ) + β [d ( SRz, Iz ) + d (TUz, Iz )] + γ [d ( Iz, TUz ) + d ( Iz, SRz )]
= α d ( z, z ) + β [d ( Iz, Iz ) + d (TUz, z )] + γ [d ( z, TUz ) + d ( z, z )]
= ( β + γ )d (TUz, z )
Hence TUz = z
For uniqueness, Let z and w be the common fixed point of SR,TU and I, then by
condition (ii)
d ( z, w) = d (SRz, TUw)
≤ α d ( Iz, Iw) + β [d ( SRz, Iz ) + d (TUw, Iw)] + γ [d ( Iz, TUw) + d ( Iw, SRz )]
= α d ( z, w) + β [d ( z , z ) + d ( w, w)] + γ [d ( z, w) + d ( w, z )]
= (α + 2γ )d ( z, w)
Since α + 2γ < 1 we have z = w .
Further assume that (S, R), (S, I), (T, U) and (T, I) are commuting pairs and z be the
unique common fixed point of pairs SR, TU and I then
Sz = S ( SRz ) = S ( RSz ) = SR( Sz ) , Sz = S ( Iz ) = I ( Sz )
Rz = R( SRz ) = ( RS )( Rz ) = SR( Rz ) , Rz = R( Iz ) = I ( Rz )
Which shows that Sz and Rz is the common fixed point of SR and I, yielding thereby
Sz = z = Rz = Iz = SRz
In view of uniqueness of the common fixed point of SR and I. therefore z is the unique
common fixed point of S, R and I. Similarly using commutatively of (T, U) and (T, I) it
can be shown that
Tz = z = Uz = Iz = TUz
Thus z is the unique common fixed point of S, R, T, U and I.
Hence the proof.
References
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11.a common fixed point theorem for compatible mapping
This document summarizes a research article that proves a common fixed point theorem involving five self-maps on a complete metric space using a compatibility condition and contractive condition. The paper defines important concepts such as compatible mappings of type A, establishes preliminary results, and proves the main theorem involving five self-maps that have a unique common fixed point under the given conditions. It also discusses prior related works in the field and provides references.
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11.a common fixed point theorem for compatible mapping
- 1. Journal of NaturalSciences Research www.iiste.org ISSN 2224-3186 (Paper) ISSN 2225-0921 (Online) Vol.1, No.1, 2011 A Common Fixed Point Theorem for Compatible Mapping Vishal Gupta* Department Of Mathematics, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, (India) * E-mail of the corresponding author: vishal.gmn@gmail.com, vkgupta09@rediffmail.com Abstract The main aim of this paper is to prove a common fixed point theorem involving pairs of compatible mappings of type (A) using five maps and a contractive condition. This article represents a useful generalization of several results announced in the literature. Key words: Complete metric space, Compatible mapping of type (A), Commuting mapping, Cauchy Sequence, Fixed points. 1. Introduction By using a compatibility condition due to Jungck many researchers establish lot of common fixed point theorems for mappings on complete and compact metric spaces. The study of common fixed point of mappings satisfying contractive type conditions are also studied by many mathematicians. Jungck.G.(1986) prove a theorem on Compatible mappings and common fixed points. Also Sessa.S(1986) prove a weak commutativity condition in a fixed point consideration. After that Jungck, Muthy and Cho(1993) define the concept of compatible map of type (A) and prove a theorem on Compatible mapping of type (A) and common fixed points. Khan, M.S., H.K. Path and Reny George(2007) find a result of Compatible mapping of type (A-1) and type (A-2) and common fixed points in fuzzy metric spaces. Recently Vishal Gupta(2011) prove a common fixed point theorem for compatible mapping of type (A). 2.Preliminaries Definition 2.1. Self maps S and T of metric space (X,d) are said to be weakly commuting pair iff d(STx,TSx)≤d(Sx,Tx) for all x in X. Definition 2.2. Self maps S and T of a metric space (X,d) are said to be compatible of type (A) if lim d(TSxn,SSxn) =0 and lim d(STxn, TTxn)=0 as n→∞ whenever {xn} is a Sequence in X such that lim Sxn=lim Txn =t as n→∞ for some t in X. 1|P a ge www.iiste.org
- 2. Journal of NaturalSciences Research www.iiste.org ISSN 2224-3186 (Paper) ISSN 2225-0921 (Online) Vol.1, No.1, 2011 Definition 2.3. A function Φ: [0, ∞) → [0, ∞) is said to be a contractive modulus if Φ (0) =0 and Φ (t) <t for t > 0. 3.Main Result Theorem 3.1. Let S,R,T,U and I are five self maps of a complete metric space (X,d) into itself satisfying the following conditions: (i) SR ∪ TU ⊂ I ( x) (ii) d ( SRx, TUy ) ≤ α d ( Ix, Iy ) + β [d ( SRx, Ix) + d (TUy, Iy )] + γ [d ( Ix, TUy ) + d ( Iy, SRx) for all x, y ∈ X and α , β and γ are non negative real’s such that α + 2β + 2γ p 1 (iii) One of S,R,T,U and I is continuous (iv) (SR,I) and (TU,I) are compatible of type (A). then SR,TU and I have a unique common fixed point. Further if the pairs (S,R), (S,I), (R,I),(T,U), (T,I) ,(U,I) are commuting pairs then S,R,T,U,I have a unique common fixed point. Proof: Let x0 in X be arbitrary. Construct a sequence {Ixn} as follows: Ix2n+1 = SRx2n , Ix2n+2 =TUx2n+1 n=0,1,2,3… From condition (ii),we have d ( Ix2 n +1 , Ix2 n + 2 ) = d ( SRx2 n , TUx2 n +1 ) ≤ α d ( Ix2 n , Ix2 n +1 ) + β [ d ( SRx2 n , Ix2 n ) + d (TUx2 n +1 , Ix2 n +1 )] + γ [ d ( Ix2 n , TUx2 n + d ( Ix2 n +1 , SRx2 n )] = α d ( Ix2 n , Ix2 n +1 ) + β [d ( Ix2 n+1 , Ix2 n ) + d ( Ix2 n + 2 , Ix2 n+1 )] + γ [d ( Ix2 n , I 2 n+ 2 ) + d ( Ix2 n +1 , Ix2 n +1 )] ≤ (α + β + γ )d ( Ix2 n , Ix2 n +1 ) + ( β + γ )d ( Ix2 n +1 , Ix2 n + 2 ) Therefore, we have α + β +γ d ( Ix2 n+1 , Ix2 n + 2 ) ≤ d ( Ix2 n , Ix2 n +1 ) 1 − (β + γ ) α + β +γ i.e d ( Ix2 n +1 , Ix2 n+ 2 ) ≤ hd ( Ix2 n , Ix2 n +1 ) where h = p1 1 − (β + γ ) Similarly, we can show that d ( Ix2 n +1 , Ix2 n + 2 ) ≤ h 2 n+1d ( Ix0 , Ix1 ) For k f n , we have d ( Ixn , Ixn + k ) ≤ ∑ d ( I n +i −1 , I n +i ) 2|P a ge www.iiste.org
- 3. Journal of NaturalSciences Research www.iiste.org ISSN 2224-3186 (Paper) ISSN 2225-0921 (Online) Vol.1, No.1, 2011 k ≤ ∑ h n +i −1d ( I 0 , I1 ) i =1 hn d ( Ixn , Ixn + k ) ≤ d ( Ix0 , Ix1 ) → 0 as n → ∞ 1− h Hence { Ixn } is a Cauchy sequence. Since X is complete metric space ∃z ∈ X such that Ixn → z . Then the subsequence of { Ixn } , {SRx2n } and {TUx2 n +1} also converges to z. i.e {SRx2n } → z & {TUx2 n +1} → z . Suppose that I is continuous and the pair {SR,I} is compatible of type (A), then from condition (ii), we have d ( SR ( Ix2 n ), TUx2 n+1 ) ≤ α d ( I 2 x2 n , Ix2 n +1 ) + β [d ( SR ( Ix2 n ), I 2 x2 n ) + d (TUx2 n+1 , Ix2 n +1 )] + γ [d ( I 2 x2 n , TUx2 n+1 ) + d ( Ix2 n +1 , SR ( Ix2 n ))] Since I is continuous, I 2 x2n → Iz as n → ∞ . The pair (SR,I) is compatible of type (A), then SRIx2n → Iz as n→∞ Letting n → ∞ , we have d ( Iz, z ) ≤ α d ( Iz, z ) + β [d ( Iz, Iz ) + d ( z, z )] + γ [d ( Iz, z ) + d ( z, Iz )] = (α + 2γ )d ( Iz , z ) Hence d ( Iz, z ) = 0 and Iz = z since α + 2γ < 1 Again, we have d ( SRz , TUx2 n +1 ) ≤ α d ( Iz, Ix2 n +1 ) + β [d (SRz, Iz ) + d (TUx2 n +1 , Ix2 n+1 )] + γ [d ( Iz, TUx2 n +1 ) + d ( Ix2 n+1 , SRz )] Letting n → ∞ and using Iz = z , we have d ( SRz , z ) ≤ α d ( z, z ) + β [d (SRz, Iz ) + d ( z, z )] + γ [d ( z, z ) + d ( z, SRz )] = ( β + γ )d ( SRz, z ) Hence d ( SRz, z ) = 0 and ( SR) z = z since β + γ < 1 Since SR ⊂ I , ∃z ′ ∈ X such that z = SRz = Iz′ = Iz Now d ( z, TUz′) = d (SRz, TUz′) ≤ α d ( Iz, Iz′) + β [d ( SRz, Iz ) + d (TUz′, Iz′)] + γ [d ( Iz , TUz′) + d ( Iz′, SRz )] 3|P a ge www.iiste.org
- 4. Journal of NaturalSciences Research www.iiste.org ISSN 2224-3186 (Paper) ISSN 2225-0921 (Online) Vol.1, No.1, 2011 = α d ( z, z ) + β [d ( z, z ) + d (TUz′, z )] + γ [d ( z, TUz′) + d ( SRz, SRz )] Implies d (TUz′, z ) = 0 as α + γ < 1 Hence TUz′ = z = Iz′ Take yn = z′ for n ≥ 1, we have TUyn → Tz′ Now, again d ( z, TUz ) = d ( SRz, TUz ) ≤ α d ( Iz, Iz ) + β [d ( SRz, Iz ) + d (TUz, Iz )] + γ [d ( Iz, TUz ) + d ( Iz, SRz )] = α d ( z, z ) + β [d ( Iz, Iz ) + d (TUz, z )] + γ [d ( z, TUz ) + d ( z, z )] = ( β + γ )d (TUz, z ) Hence TUz = z For uniqueness, Let z and w be the common fixed point of SR,TU and I, then by condition (ii) d ( z, w) = d (SRz, TUw) ≤ α d ( Iz, Iw) + β [d ( SRz, Iz ) + d (TUw, Iw)] + γ [d ( Iz, TUw) + d ( Iw, SRz )] = α d ( z, w) + β [d ( z , z ) + d ( w, w)] + γ [d ( z, w) + d ( w, z )] = (α + 2γ )d ( z, w) Since α + 2γ < 1 we have z = w . Further assume that (S, R), (S, I), (T, U) and (T, I) are commuting pairs and z be the unique common fixed point of pairs SR, TU and I then Sz = S ( SRz ) = S ( RSz ) = SR( Sz ) , Sz = S ( Iz ) = I ( Sz ) Rz = R( SRz ) = ( RS )( Rz ) = SR( Rz ) , Rz = R( Iz ) = I ( Rz ) Which shows that Sz and Rz is the common fixed point of SR and I, yielding thereby Sz = z = Rz = Iz = SRz In view of uniqueness of the common fixed point of SR and I. therefore z is the unique common fixed point of S, R and I. Similarly using commutatively of (T, U) and (T, I) it can be shown that Tz = z = Uz = Iz = TUz Thus z is the unique common fixed point of S, R, T, U and I. Hence the proof. References 4|P a ge www.iiste.org
- 5. Journal of NaturalSciences Research www.iiste.org ISSN 2224-3186 (Paper) ISSN 2225-0921 (Online) Vol.1, No.1, 2011 Aage.C.T., Salunke.J.N. (2009), “On Common fixed point theorem in complete metric space,” International Mathematical Forum,Vol.3,pp.151-159. Jungck.G. (1986), “Compatible mappings and common fixed points” Internat. J. Math. Math. Sci., Vol. 9, pp.771-779. Jungck.G., P.P.Murthy and Y.J.Cho (1993), “Compatible mapping of type (A) and common fixed points” Math.Japonica, Vol.38, issue 2, pp.381-390. Gupta Vishal (2011)“Common Fixed Point Theorem for Compatible Mapping of Type (A)”Computer Engineering and Intelligent System(U.S.A), Volume 2, No.8, pp.21-24. Khan, M.S., Pathak.H.K and George Reny (2007) “Compatible mapping of type (A-1) and type (A-2) and common fixed points in fuzzy metric spaces”. International Mathematical Forum, 2 (11): 515-524. Sessa.S (1986), “On a weak commutativity condition in a fixed point consideration.” Publ. Inst. Math., 32(46), pp. 149-153. 5|P a ge www.iiste.org
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