This document discusses agriculture in India, including its history and economic contributions. It notes that while India is a major global producer of many crops, its agricultural productivity is declining. Some key reasons for this decline include degraded soil fertility from continuous cropping, low quality seeds, insufficient water supply due to unreliable monsoons and lack of irrigation infrastructure, inadequate fertilizers and use of modern technologies, and lack of financial incentives for farmers. Increasing agricultural productivity in India will require addressing these challenges through improved irrigation, seeds, fertilizers, technologies, and economic support for farmers.

1. Sowing Prosperity
Boosting agricultural productivity
• The invention of agriculture is one of the great revolution of human history. It
includes the food production and domestication which led to significant changes in
human society.

2. • Agriculture in India has a significant history.
• The economic contribution of agriculture to India's GDP is steadily declining with
the country's broad-based economic growth.
• Irrigation in India refers to the supply of water from Indian rivers, tanks, wells,
canals and other artificial projects for the purpose of cultivation and agricultural
activities.
• In India, 64% of cultivated land is dependent on monsoons . The economic
significance of irrigation in India is namely, to reduce over dependence on
monsoons.

3. • Indian agriculture is diverse, ranging from impoverished farm villages to
developed farms utilising modern agricultural technologies.
• Because of these modern technologies Indian agriculture has being producing
more productivity.
• Per 2010 FAO world agriculture statistics, India is the world's largest producer of
many fresh fruits and vegetables, milk, major spices, select fresh meats, select
fibrous crops such as jute, several staples such as millets and castor oil seed.
• India is the second largest producer of wheat and rice, the world's major food
staples . India is also the world's second or third largest producer of several dry
fruits, agriculture-based textile raw materials, roots and tuber crops, pulses,
farmed fish, eggs, coconut, sugarcane and numerous vegetables.
• India ranked within the world's five largest producers of over 80 % of
agricultural produce items, including many cash crops such as coffee and cotton,
in 2010.[3] India is also one of the world's five largest producers of livestock and
poultry meat, with one of the fastest growth rates, as of 2011.
• Not only these but India has a great achievement and development in agriculture
sector.

4. Crops , fruits and vegetables grown in India
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5. • Currently the country holds the second position in agricultural production in the
world. In 2007, agriculture and other industries such as lumbering
and forestry made up more than 16% of India's GDP.
• Despite the steady decline in agriculture's contribution to the country's GDP, India
agriculture is the biggest industry in the country and plays a key role in the
socioeconomic growth of the country.
• India is the second biggest producer of wheat, rice, cotton, sugarcane , silk,
groundnuts, and dozens more. It is also the second biggest harvester of vegetables
and fruit, representing 8.6% and 10.9% of overall production, respectively.
• The major fruits produced by India are mangoes, papayas, sapota, and bananas.
India also has the biggest number of livestock in the world, holding 281 million. In
2008, the country housed the second largest number of cattle in the world with 175
million.

6. Decreasing agriculture productivity and
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controlling methods:
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• But the contribution of agriculture to India’s GDP showed a rapid decline
from 30% to 14.5%.
• Having the largest agriculture and farm fields in India we are declining our
productivity every year.
• There is a growing in farm wages every year, but there is a decrease in
productivity.
• On July 22, 2013, the Ministry of Agriculture’s released the Fourth
Advance Estimates for the Indian crop year 2012/13 (July/June), wherein
grain production was estimated at a near record 255.4 million metric tons
(MMT). While there were minor adjustments to individual crops, the
estimate of total grain production was unchanged from the May 3 third
advance estimate. The government estimates a near-record grain harvest
(1.5 percent lower than last year’s record 259.3 MMT).

7. • Total area under fruit and vegetable cultivation is estimated at 12 m hectares, which
is 7% of total cropped area in the country.
• The commercial processing of fruit & vegetables is approximately 2.0%.
• India exported processed fruits and vegetables worth Rs 5240 million in 1997-98.
• Production of vegetables during 2010-11 is estimated to be 141.3 tones against
133.5 tones in 2009-10.
• Similarly, the output of the fruits is expected to rise by nearly 5 per cent in the
current year to 75.7 million tones from 72.2 million tones in the previous year.
• Still having a huge agriculture sectors we are importing a huge tones of agriculture
products .

8. REASONS FOR DECLINE OF PRODUCTIVITY
• The agriculture land may loose its fertility for using same land for many years.
• The seeds which are available in markets does not give much production due to low quality.
• There is no required amount of water for the cultivation.
• Water supply from the rivers is very low . The people depends on the rain water.
• Rains are not in time and also it is not sufficient.
• This is the major problem:-
• The farmer who cultivate the land can not get the sufficient amount of money for their production.
• The government cannot give the sufficient money for their work.
• So , many people are leaving agriculture and searching other source of living or doing other jobs by
shifting to cities.
• So , agriculture land is left empty. So, productivity is being decrease.
• There are no proper fertilizers for the agriculture growth.
• Mostly other than the owner of the productivity all are getting benefit. So , the owners stop producing
the products.
• There are no proper techniques for more production.
• No modern technologies for production.

9. Pictures of wet land, no proper techniques no
fertilizers

10. • Agriculture is the back bone of the country.
• So, increase the productivity by solving the problems and
use the necessary conditions for more production.
By,
P.Ramakanth and team .