This document provides an overview of Scrum methodology for certification exam preparation, detailing its principles, roles, and framework. It outlines the Agile approach, emphasizing collaboration, customer satisfaction, and adaptability, and explains key Scrum components including events and artifacts. Additionally, the document offers exam tips and definitions to aid understanding of Scrum practices.

1. Fundamental of Scrum
For Scrum Certification Exam
Presented by -
Tahmina Khatoon
Technical Project Manager
Brain Station 23 Ltd.
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2. Objectives
● What is Agile?
● What is Scrum?
● When should we use scrum framework?
● How can we implement it?
● Some exam tips with related topics
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3. Agile?
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4. What is agile?
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5. What is agile?
According to the Agile Practice Guide — developed jointly by PMI and the Agile
Alliance® and published in September 2017 — “agile” is an approach
to collaborative problem-solving for exploratory work
informed by “a mindset of values and principles as set forth
in the Agile Manifesto.” The agile mindset informs personal behavior,
ways of thinking and actions aligned with the Agile Manifesto values and
principles.
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6. Agile Manifesto
1. Individuals and interactions over processes and tools
2. Working software over comprehensive documentation
3. Customer collaboration over contract negotiation
4. Responding to change over following a plan
That is, while there is value in the items on the right, we value the items on the left more.
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7. Principles behind the Agile Manifesto
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8. 01.
Customer
Satisfaction
Our highest priority is to satisfy the
customer through early and
continuous delivery of valuable
software.
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9. 02.
Welcome
Change
Welcome changing requirements,
even late in development. Agile
processes harness change for the
customer's competitive advantage.
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10. 03.
Deliver
Frequently
Deliver working software frequently,
from a couple of weeks to a couple
of months, with a preference to the
shorter timescale.
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11. 04.
Work Together
Daily
Business people and developers
must work together daily throughout
the project.
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12. 05.
Motivation,
Environment,
Trust
Build projects around motivated
individuals. Give them the
environment and support they need,
and trust them to get the job done.
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13. 06.
Face-to-Face
Conversation
The most efficient and effective
method of conveying information to
and within a development team is
face-to-face conversation.
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14. 07.
Working
Software Working software is the primary
measure of progress.
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15. 08.
Sustainable
Pace
Agile processes promote
sustainable development. The
sponsors, developers, and users
should be able to maintain a
constant pace indefinitely.
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16. 09.
Technical
Excellence
Continuous attention to technical
excellence and good design
enhances agility.
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17. 10.
Simplicity
Simplicity--the art of maximizing the
amount of work not done--is
essential.
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18. 11.
Self-organization
The best architectures,
requirements, and designs emerge
from self-organizing teams.
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19. 12.
Reflection
At regular intervals, the team
reflects on how to become more
effective, then tunes and adjusts its
behavior accordingly.
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20. Agile Frameworks
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21. Agile frameworks
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22. “Scrum is a framework for developing,
delivering, and sustaining
complex products.”
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23. Jeff Sutherland & Ken Schwaber
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24. Definition of Scrum
A framework within which people can address complex adaptive problems, while
productively and creatively delivering products of the highest possible value.
Scrum is:
● Lightweight
● Simple to understand
● Difficult to master
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25. Scrum Framework
The Scrum framework consists of -
● Scrum Teams and their associated roles,
● Events,
● Artifacts, and
● Rules.
Each component within the framework serves a specific purpose and is essential
to Scrum’s success and usage.
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26. Summary of Scrum (33
*4 * 5)
3 Pillars 3 Roles 3 Artifacts 4 Events 5 Values
Transparency
Commitment
Inspection
Adaptation
Scrum
Master
The
Team
Product
Owner
Sprint
Retrospective
Sprint
Review
Daily
Scrum
Sprint
PlanningProduct
Backlog
Sprint
Backlog
Increment
Courage
Focus
Openness
Respect
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27. Scrum Theory
“Knowledge comes
only or primarily from
sensory experience”
Empirical process control theory,
or empiricism
John Locke
British Philosopher
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28. Scrum Theory - 3 Pillars
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29. 3 Pillars
● Transparency - Make it
visible to those who are
responsible for the outcome.
● Inspection - Frequently
inspect scrum artifacts and
process toward a Sprint goal
and understand variance.
● Adoption - Adjust must be
made to minimize deviation
Empiricism
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30. 5 Values
● Commitment
● Courage
● Focus
● Openness
● Respect
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31. Sprint Goal
A sprint goal describes the purpose of a sprint.
It provides a shared objective, and states why it’s
worthwhile undertaking the sprint.
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32. Exam tips
● 1 sprint 1 goal
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33. How to write a Sprint Goal
Examples:
● “Learn about the right user
interaction for the registration
feature”
● “Make the reporting feature
available to the users”.
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34. 3 Artifacts
Product Backlog
Monitoring Progress Toward
Goals
Single source of requirements
for any changes to be made to
the product
Responsible:
Product Owner
Sprint Backlog
Monitoring Sprint Progress
Set of Product Backlog items
selected for the Sprint, plus a
plan for delivering the product
Increment and realizing the
Sprint Goal
Responsible:
Dev Team
Increment
Sum of all the Product Backlog
items completed during a Sprint
and the value of the increments of
all previous Sprints
The increment must be in useable
condition regardless of whether the
Product Owner decides to release it.
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35. When multiple teams are working together, each team should maintain a separate
Product Backlog.
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36. 3 Roles = The Scrum Team
● Product Owner = What should we do?
● Development Team = How should we do?
● Scrum Master = How efficiently we can do?
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37. Product Owner
● Clearly expressing Product Backlog items;
● Ordering the items in the Product Backlog to best achieve goals and
missions;
● Optimizing the value of the work the Development Team performs;
● Ensuring that the Product Backlog is visible, transparent, and clear to all, and
shows what the Scrum Team will work on next; and,
● Ensuring the Development Team understands items in the Product Backlog to
the level needed.
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38. Exam tips
● Single Person: The Product Owner is one person, not a committee.
● Powerful Person: Product owners decision is final - everyone should respect
his decision.
● Knowledgeable Person: Must have sufficient knowledge about product.
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39. Dev Team (6+-3)
● Self-organizing
● Cross-functional
● No titles regardless of the work being performed by the person
● No sub-team regardless of domains that need to be addressed like testing,
architecture, operations, or business analysis;
● Accountable to success of failure of the sprint
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40. Exam Tips
● Dev team size: 3 - 9
● The Product Owner and Scrum Master roles are not included in this count
unless they are also executing the work of the Sprint Backlog.
● Responsible to conduct daily scrum
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41. Scrum Master
● Servant-leader for the Scrum Team
● Responsible for promoting and supporting Scrum
● Serve to the Product owner
● Serve to the Dev Team
● Serve to the organization
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42. Exam tips
● Scrum Master is a "management" position? Yes - but s/he does not manage
the team.
● No one from team should report to the scrum master
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43. Scrum Events
● Sprint Planning
● Daily Scrum
● Sprint Review
● Retrospective
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44. The Sprint - 1 month max
Heart of the scrum.
During sprint -
● No changes are made that would endanger the Sprint Goal;
● Quality goals do not decrease; and,
● Scope may be clarified and re-negotiated between the Product Owner and
Development Team as more is learned.
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45. Exam Tips
● Canceling a sprint: Before sprint time box is over
● Canceling a sprint only by the product owner, but scrum master or dev team
can request to cancel
● If part of the work is potentially releasable, the Product Owner typically
accepts it, and remaining items should go to the product backlog for
re-estimate and re-prioritize.
Sprint cancellations are often traumatic to the Scrum Team, and are very uncommon.
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46. Sprint Planning - 8 hours max
Facilitated by - Scrum Master
It answers the following two questions -
● What can be delivered in the Increment resulting from the upcoming Sprint?
● How will the work needed to deliver the Increment be achieved?
Team set a sprint goal.
Work planned for the first days of the Sprint by the Development Team is
decomposed by the end of this meeting, often to units of one day or less
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47. Daily Scrum - 15 min max
Facilitated by - Team
● Same time, Same place
● No details discussion
● Rise impediments if exist
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48. Sprint review - 4 hours max
Facilitated by - Product Owner
● This is an informal meeting, not a status meeting.
● Show demo to stakeholders
● No commitment from dev team
● Take feedbacks from the stakeholders
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49. Sprint review includes -
● Attendees include the Scrum Team and key stakeholders invited by the
Product Owner;
● The Product Owner explains what Product Backlog items have been "Done"
and what has not been "Done";
● The Development Team discusses what went well during the Sprint, what
problems it ran into, and how those problems were solved;
● The Development Team demonstrates the work that it has "Done" and
answers questions about the Increment;
● The Product Owner discusses the Product Backlog as it stands.
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50. Retrospective - 3 hours max
Facilitated by : Team
● Inspect how the last Sprint went with regards to people, relationships,
process, and tools;
● Identify and order the major items that went well and potential improvements;
and,
● Create a plan for implementing improvements to the way the Scrum Team
does its work.
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51. Definition of Done = ?
● Vary significantly per Scrum
Team
● Same for all
● Ensure Transparency
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52. Important Links
● https://www.romanpichler.com/blog/effective-sprint-goals/
● https://www.scrum.org/resources/suggested-reading-professional-scrum-master
● https://www.scrumguides.org/scrum-guide.html
● https://mlapshin.com/index.php/scrum-quizzes/sm-real-mode/
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53. Questions?
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54. Thank you
For your participation.
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