The document provides an overview of the commodity market and gold industry in India. It discusses the key commodity exchanges in India - National Commodity & Derivatives Exchange and Multi Commodity Exchange, the products traded on each exchange including gold, and the timings. It also outlines the different types of players in the commodity market like hedgers, speculators, and arbitragers. Finally, it provides a brief introduction to the Indian stock market, outlining the history and key stock exchanges like National Stock Exchange and Bombay Stock Exchange.
- Derivative contracts derive their value from an underlying asset and allow investors to speculate on price movements without owning the asset. Common derivatives include futures, options, swaps, and forwards.
- An options contract gives the holder the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell the underlying asset at a predetermined strike price by a certain expiration date. Options provide flexibility and can be used to take advantage of price changes or protect against losses.
- Key terms related to options include the strike price, which remains fixed, and moneyness, which describes the relationship between the strike price and current market price. Factors like time to expiration and volatility also impact options pricing.
The document discusses various commodity derivatives markets and exchanges around the world. It provides details on the National Commodity and Derivatives Exchange of India (NCDEX) and Multi Commodity Exchange of India (MCX), including the commodities traded and clearing/settlement processes. It also summarizes information on the Tokyo Commodity Exchange (TOCOM) and contracts traded there such as gold and rubber. Finally, it outlines the Dalian Commodities Exchange in China and types of contracts traded including corn, soybeans, and crude soybean oil.
The document discusses the derivative market in India and risk management in banks. It defines derivatives and their various types like futures, options, and swaps. It explains how derivatives help banks manage risks like credit risk, interest rate risk, and liquidity risk. The history of derivatives trading in India is also summarized dating back to 1875. Key players in the market like hedgers, speculators, and arbitrageurs are identified along with their roles.
This document provides an overview of commodities trading in India, including the structure of the commodities market and major exchanges. It discusses opportunities for speculation, hedging, arbitrage, and diversification through commodities trading. Traders can implement strategies like going long, going short, calendar spreads, and taking advantage of correlations between commodities and other asset classes. Research on international and agricultural commodities is offered to help traders capitalize on market trends and opportunities.
This power point presentation include all about commodity market.
Here commodity market , meaning ,commodities , definitions, historic background,benefits and finally conclusion about commodity market.
This is my first power point presentation at the time of studying master of commerce and also uploading first presentation.
Innovation of derivatives have redefined and revolutionized the landscape of financial industry across the world and derivatives have earned a well deserved and extremely significant place among all the financial products. Derivatives are risk management tool that help in effective management of risk by various stakeholders. Derivatives provide an opportunity to transfer risk, from the one who wish to avoid it; to one, who wish to accept it. India’s experience with the launch of equity derivatives market has been extremely encouraging and successful.
The commodity futures market in India has evolved over 120 years, with the first organized exchange established in 1875. Key developments include the banning of futures trading in 1966 and reintroduction in 2003. Today, the major commodity exchanges are MCX and NCDEX, which trade over 60 commodities. Trading volumes have grown significantly in recent years compared to equity markets. The commodity markets benefit farmers, traders, and others through price discovery, risk management, and competitiveness. However, foreign and institutional participation remains limited. Overall, India's commodity markets have expanded rapidly and are expected to continue growing.
- Derivative contracts derive their value from an underlying asset and allow investors to speculate on price movements without owning the asset. Common derivatives include futures, options, swaps, and forwards.
- An options contract gives the holder the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell the underlying asset at a predetermined strike price by a certain expiration date. Options provide flexibility and can be used to take advantage of price changes or protect against losses.
- Key terms related to options include the strike price, which remains fixed, and moneyness, which describes the relationship between the strike price and current market price. Factors like time to expiration and volatility also impact options pricing.
The document discusses various commodity derivatives markets and exchanges around the world. It provides details on the National Commodity and Derivatives Exchange of India (NCDEX) and Multi Commodity Exchange of India (MCX), including the commodities traded and clearing/settlement processes. It also summarizes information on the Tokyo Commodity Exchange (TOCOM) and contracts traded there such as gold and rubber. Finally, it outlines the Dalian Commodities Exchange in China and types of contracts traded including corn, soybeans, and crude soybean oil.
The document discusses the derivative market in India and risk management in banks. It defines derivatives and their various types like futures, options, and swaps. It explains how derivatives help banks manage risks like credit risk, interest rate risk, and liquidity risk. The history of derivatives trading in India is also summarized dating back to 1875. Key players in the market like hedgers, speculators, and arbitrageurs are identified along with their roles.
This document provides an overview of commodities trading in India, including the structure of the commodities market and major exchanges. It discusses opportunities for speculation, hedging, arbitrage, and diversification through commodities trading. Traders can implement strategies like going long, going short, calendar spreads, and taking advantage of correlations between commodities and other asset classes. Research on international and agricultural commodities is offered to help traders capitalize on market trends and opportunities.
This power point presentation include all about commodity market.
Here commodity market , meaning ,commodities , definitions, historic background,benefits and finally conclusion about commodity market.
This is my first power point presentation at the time of studying master of commerce and also uploading first presentation.
Innovation of derivatives have redefined and revolutionized the landscape of financial industry across the world and derivatives have earned a well deserved and extremely significant place among all the financial products. Derivatives are risk management tool that help in effective management of risk by various stakeholders. Derivatives provide an opportunity to transfer risk, from the one who wish to avoid it; to one, who wish to accept it. India’s experience with the launch of equity derivatives market has been extremely encouraging and successful.
The commodity futures market in India has evolved over 120 years, with the first organized exchange established in 1875. Key developments include the banning of futures trading in 1966 and reintroduction in 2003. Today, the major commodity exchanges are MCX and NCDEX, which trade over 60 commodities. Trading volumes have grown significantly in recent years compared to equity markets. The commodity markets benefit farmers, traders, and others through price discovery, risk management, and competitiveness. However, foreign and institutional participation remains limited. Overall, India's commodity markets have expanded rapidly and are expected to continue growing.
Our incredible financial advisory covers a wide range of trading interests:
Intraday stock picks for active stock traders in SGX Singapore
Positional stock picks for investors in SGX Singapore.
CFD trading signals to trade thousands of financial products.
Malaysian Intraday stock picks to make intra-day profits from KLSE market.
Malaysian Mid-Term Stock Picks to get max profits in short span of time
Malaysian Positional Stock Picks to gain profits in positional service.
Shariah Compliant Investment to trade in Shariah stocks .
FKLI Index Signals to trade in index.
Forex HNI pack to get higher profit margin with less risk ratio.
FGLD trading Signal to trade gold Bursa Malaysia derivative.
FCPO Trading Signal to trade in Crude Palm Oil Contract.
COMEX for commodity traders and investors in Gold, Silver, Crude Oil, etc
FOREX for currencies traders and investors with top currency pairs.
Our advanced technical research and expertise is an additional asset for your pro
This document provides an overview of commodity derivatives, including definitions of commodities, derivatives, and commodity derivatives. It explains that commodity derivatives allow farmers and businesses to hedge risks from fluctuating commodity prices by entering future or option contracts to lock in sale prices. Examples are provided of a farmer using futures to guarantee the price received for a future wheat crop and options to guarantee a minimum selling price. The role of commodity derivatives in price risk management is discussed.
fundamental and technical analysis of banking sector in indiaKarthik Ezil
The document provides an overview of the banking industry in India. It discusses the structure of the banking industry, including the roles of the Reserve Bank of India and other public and private sector banks. It also covers topics like the history and development of banking in India, types of banks, fundamental and technical analysis approaches used in the industry, and recent trends and initiatives regarding the Indian banking sector.
The document provides an overview of the Indian commodity market, including the two major commodity exchanges - MCX and NCDEX. It discusses the various commodities traded on the exchanges like agricultural products, precious metals, base metals and energy. It also provides details about commodity futures contracts, their purpose and participants. The benefits of hedging and different hedging strategies like long hedge and short hedge are explained with examples. Lastly, it summarizes the advantages of trading commodities with MK Commodity Brokers like their research, online trading platform and round-the-clock operations.
Currency derivatives is a kind of new class of assets available for investment. Please go through this PPT which will give you some idea about currency & Currency derivatives.
This ppt is prepared to provide detailed information regarding Forwards and Futures contracts of Derivatives the topics covered under this are Meaning of Forwards contracts, Underlying Assets of Forwards contracts, FEATURES OF FORWARD CONTRACTS, Tailored made, Why Forwards contracts, FUTURES CONTRACT, What is A Futures Contract, Characteristics of Futures contracts, Mechanism of Trading in Futures Market, Margin requirement, Marking-to-market (M2M), SETTLING A FUTURE POSITION, OFFSETTING, CASH DELIVERY, by Sundar, Assistant Professor of commerce.
Subscribe to Vision Academy for Video assistance
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCjzpit_cXjdnzER_165mIiw
Types of orders include market orders, limit orders, stop orders, conditional orders, and good till cancel orders. A market order executes immediately at the best available price. A limit order can only be executed at or better than the specified price. A stop order automatically sells a stock if it drops to a certain price. Conditional orders are submitted or canceled if criteria are met. A good till cancel order remains in effect until canceled by the customer.
The document discusses the determinants of option price and the Greeks - Delta, Gamma, Vega, Theta, and Rho. It explains that these Greeks measure how sensitive an option's price is to changes in the underlying asset's price, volatility, time to expiration, and interest rates. Specifically, Delta measures change in option price for a $1 change in the underlying, Gamma measures rate of change of Delta, Vega measures change for a 1% volatility change, Theta measures daily time decay, and Rho measures change for a 1% interest rate change. Understanding how the Greeks change is important for risk management and making informed options trading decisions.
Derivatives are financial instruments whose value is derived from an underlying asset such as stocks, bonds, commodities, currencies, or market indexes. There are several types of derivatives including forwards, futures, options, and swaps. Derivatives allow investors to hedge risk or speculate on the future price of the underlying asset. While derivatives can be used to manage various risks, they also pose risks such as increased speculation, greater financial instability, and price instability if not properly regulated. Effective risk management including policies, oversight, and competency is needed to use derivatives safely.
The document provides an overview of financial markets and systems. It discusses the functions of financial markets, types of markets including stock markets, bond markets, and money markets. It also describes market participants, types of financial institutions like commercial banks and their roles, and financial instruments. Financial regulation and Bangladesh's financial system are also briefly covered.
http://www.options-trading-education.com/24043/straddle-options/
Straddle Options
When an options trader is not sure which way prices will go in a volatile market he or she often uses straddle options. Straddle options both long and short let a trader stake out potentially profitable positions for both rising and falling markets. Which route a trader takes in using straddle options will depend on whether he wants to buy or sell options contracts.
Going Long
A long straddle is buying both a call and a put on the same stock with the same expiration date. In a long straddle options strategy the worst a trader can do is lose the cost of the premiums paid for the call and the put if the stock does not change price. These straddle options have potentially unlimited potential if the stock price changes significantly, up or down.
Long Straddle Calls
If the stock price goes up the trader exercises the call option, sells the stock at the spot price and buys at the strike price. The profit is the price of 100 shares per contract at the spot price minus the strike price, minus the cost of premiums on both put and call options.
Long Straddle Puts
If the stock goes down in price the trader exercises the put option and sells the stock at the strike price and buys at the new, lower market price, the spot price. The profit will be the price of 100 shares per contract at the strike price minus the spot price minus the premium cost of both put and call options.
This strategy is useful in a volatile and unpredictable market. It carries twice the overhead of a call or put trade. But, the trader cuts down on the risk of missing out on an unexpected market move by covering both up and down eventualities. The only time when a trader loses with a long straddle is when the stock price does not change and then he is only out the cost of two options contracts.
Going Short
A short straddle strategy is selling both a put and a call on the same stock with the same options expiration dates. If the stock does not go up or down the options trader gains two premiums, one for the call and one for the put. Straddle options like these can be cash cows for a trader who has done his homework and only sells contracts on stocks that have very little likelihood of going up or down.
Volatile Markets and Big Losses
Whereas a long straddle is ideal for a volatile market a short straddle should only be used in a quiet market. As with all selling of options contracts the losses can be enormous if a stock price changes greatly. Which is why selling options contracts is so commonly limited to traders with very deep pockets.
Volatile Markets and Big Gains
Volatile markets bring us back to the long straddle. This is the ideal strategy for a market that is crazy in its volatility.
The history of international monetary systemSuleyman Ally
The document discusses the history and evolution of international monetary systems from 1816 to present. It describes the gold standard system from 1816-1914, the Bretton Woods system from 1945-1971, and modern exchange rate regimes. The gold standard linked currencies to gold, while the Bretton Woods system established a US dollar-backed system. Countries now choose between fixed exchange rates, where a currency is pegged to another, or floating rates, where the market determines a currency's value.
Financial derivatives have grown enormously over the past decade as a way to differentiate and allocate risk. Derivatives are financial contracts whose value is dependent on an underlying asset such as a stock, bond, commodity, currency, interest rate or index. There are several types of derivatives including forwards, futures, options, and swaps. Derivatives allow risk to be traded in financial markets and help companies and investors to hedge against risk.
A stock market or equity market is a public market for trading company stock and derivatives at agreed prices. Stocks are listed on stock exchanges, which are entities like the New York Stock Exchange. When a company issues stock, it raises money from investors in exchange for ownership stakes. Stock buyers own a claim on the company's assets and earnings. A stock exchange provides a market for trading stocks and bonds, and facilitates capital raising for companies. Major Indian stock exchanges include the Bombay Stock Exchange and National Stock Exchange, located in Mumbai.
History of Indian Capital Markets, structure, SEBI, market concepts - bear and bull markets, stop loss, top-down approach, types of shares - preferential, common equity, hybrid, small mid and large cap, how to read stock quote, PE Ratio and its applications, order FAQ, risks, stock market indices, demat & trading accounts
The document discusses financial markets and provides details about capital markets and money markets. It defines a financial market as any marketplace where buyers and sellers trade financial securities and commodities. Capital markets deal with longer term financial instruments like stocks and bonds, while money markets facilitate short term borrowing and lending with maturities of one year or less, including treasury bills, certificates of deposit, and commercial paper. Both markets play important roles in raising capital and facilitating transactions.
Technical and fundamental analysis on stock market Babasab Patil
The document discusses technical and fundamental analysis of securities. It provides an overview of technical analysis concepts like Dow theory, Elliot waves, and moving averages. It also discusses fundamental analysis, including economic, industry, and company analysis. Key company analysis factors mentioned include management, annual reports, ratios, and cash flow. The document outlines objectives to conduct technical and fundamental analysis of selected Indian stock market securities. It describes the research methodology as involving secondary data analysis and a sample size of 10 stocks for technical analysis and 4 for fundamental analysis.
A project report on technical analysis at share khanBabasab Patil
The document provides an overview of the stock market and technical analysis. It discusses the industry overview including definitions of a stock market and its key participants. It also examines the importance of stock markets and covers topics such as market indices, derivative instruments, investment strategies, taxation, irrational behavior and crashes. The document then provides a profile of Sharekhan, an Indian stock broker, outlining its services, achievements and competitors. It closes with an introduction to the Indian cement industry and profiles three major cement companies - ACC, Ultratech and Grasim.
The document provides an overview of the derivatives market in India. It discusses key concepts like forwards, futures, options, and swaps. It outlines the evolution of the derivatives market in India, from the first steps taken in 1995 to remove prohibitions on options trading, to the establishment of a regulatory framework by SEBI and the launch of index futures and options trading on exchanges like NSE and BSE in 2000. The needs served by derivatives markets are also summarized, such as risk transfer, price discovery, and increasing market volumes. Common participants like hedgers, speculators, arbitrageurs and spreaders are defined. Examples of popular derivatives products available on Indian exchanges are also provided.
The document provides an overview of the stock broking industry in India. It discusses the history of stock exchanges in India dating back to the 1830s. It then covers major players in the industry, the roles of stockbrokers, and the transaction cycle. It analyzes the industry using Porter's Five Forces model, examining suppliers, buyers, potential entrants, substitutes, and competitive rivalry. Key points include that suppliers like depositories and exchanges have some bargaining power, while individual investors have more bargaining power than large institutions. Significant capital requirements, technology, regulations and existing industry networks pose barriers to new entrants. Competitors include established national players and new online brokers offering lower fees.
This document is a summer training project report submitted by Abhishek Sukhwal for their MBA program. The report focuses on studying commodity markets in India. It includes an introduction to commodity markets, definitions of commodities, the need for commodity markets in India, descriptions of major commodity exchanges in the country like NCDEX, MCX, and NMCEIL. The report consists of chapters on commodity futures contracts, commodity trading, participants in commodity markets, and the regulatory framework for commodity trading in India. It aims to analyze commodity markets and provide conclusions and recommendations.
Our incredible financial advisory covers a wide range of trading interests:
Intraday stock picks for active stock traders in SGX Singapore
Positional stock picks for investors in SGX Singapore.
CFD trading signals to trade thousands of financial products.
Malaysian Intraday stock picks to make intra-day profits from KLSE market.
Malaysian Mid-Term Stock Picks to get max profits in short span of time
Malaysian Positional Stock Picks to gain profits in positional service.
Shariah Compliant Investment to trade in Shariah stocks .
FKLI Index Signals to trade in index.
Forex HNI pack to get higher profit margin with less risk ratio.
FGLD trading Signal to trade gold Bursa Malaysia derivative.
FCPO Trading Signal to trade in Crude Palm Oil Contract.
COMEX for commodity traders and investors in Gold, Silver, Crude Oil, etc
FOREX for currencies traders and investors with top currency pairs.
Our advanced technical research and expertise is an additional asset for your pro
This document provides an overview of commodity derivatives, including definitions of commodities, derivatives, and commodity derivatives. It explains that commodity derivatives allow farmers and businesses to hedge risks from fluctuating commodity prices by entering future or option contracts to lock in sale prices. Examples are provided of a farmer using futures to guarantee the price received for a future wheat crop and options to guarantee a minimum selling price. The role of commodity derivatives in price risk management is discussed.
fundamental and technical analysis of banking sector in indiaKarthik Ezil
The document provides an overview of the banking industry in India. It discusses the structure of the banking industry, including the roles of the Reserve Bank of India and other public and private sector banks. It also covers topics like the history and development of banking in India, types of banks, fundamental and technical analysis approaches used in the industry, and recent trends and initiatives regarding the Indian banking sector.
The document provides an overview of the Indian commodity market, including the two major commodity exchanges - MCX and NCDEX. It discusses the various commodities traded on the exchanges like agricultural products, precious metals, base metals and energy. It also provides details about commodity futures contracts, their purpose and participants. The benefits of hedging and different hedging strategies like long hedge and short hedge are explained with examples. Lastly, it summarizes the advantages of trading commodities with MK Commodity Brokers like their research, online trading platform and round-the-clock operations.
Currency derivatives is a kind of new class of assets available for investment. Please go through this PPT which will give you some idea about currency & Currency derivatives.
This ppt is prepared to provide detailed information regarding Forwards and Futures contracts of Derivatives the topics covered under this are Meaning of Forwards contracts, Underlying Assets of Forwards contracts, FEATURES OF FORWARD CONTRACTS, Tailored made, Why Forwards contracts, FUTURES CONTRACT, What is A Futures Contract, Characteristics of Futures contracts, Mechanism of Trading in Futures Market, Margin requirement, Marking-to-market (M2M), SETTLING A FUTURE POSITION, OFFSETTING, CASH DELIVERY, by Sundar, Assistant Professor of commerce.
Subscribe to Vision Academy for Video assistance
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCjzpit_cXjdnzER_165mIiw
Types of orders include market orders, limit orders, stop orders, conditional orders, and good till cancel orders. A market order executes immediately at the best available price. A limit order can only be executed at or better than the specified price. A stop order automatically sells a stock if it drops to a certain price. Conditional orders are submitted or canceled if criteria are met. A good till cancel order remains in effect until canceled by the customer.
The document discusses the determinants of option price and the Greeks - Delta, Gamma, Vega, Theta, and Rho. It explains that these Greeks measure how sensitive an option's price is to changes in the underlying asset's price, volatility, time to expiration, and interest rates. Specifically, Delta measures change in option price for a $1 change in the underlying, Gamma measures rate of change of Delta, Vega measures change for a 1% volatility change, Theta measures daily time decay, and Rho measures change for a 1% interest rate change. Understanding how the Greeks change is important for risk management and making informed options trading decisions.
Derivatives are financial instruments whose value is derived from an underlying asset such as stocks, bonds, commodities, currencies, or market indexes. There are several types of derivatives including forwards, futures, options, and swaps. Derivatives allow investors to hedge risk or speculate on the future price of the underlying asset. While derivatives can be used to manage various risks, they also pose risks such as increased speculation, greater financial instability, and price instability if not properly regulated. Effective risk management including policies, oversight, and competency is needed to use derivatives safely.
The document provides an overview of financial markets and systems. It discusses the functions of financial markets, types of markets including stock markets, bond markets, and money markets. It also describes market participants, types of financial institutions like commercial banks and their roles, and financial instruments. Financial regulation and Bangladesh's financial system are also briefly covered.
http://www.options-trading-education.com/24043/straddle-options/
Straddle Options
When an options trader is not sure which way prices will go in a volatile market he or she often uses straddle options. Straddle options both long and short let a trader stake out potentially profitable positions for both rising and falling markets. Which route a trader takes in using straddle options will depend on whether he wants to buy or sell options contracts.
Going Long
A long straddle is buying both a call and a put on the same stock with the same expiration date. In a long straddle options strategy the worst a trader can do is lose the cost of the premiums paid for the call and the put if the stock does not change price. These straddle options have potentially unlimited potential if the stock price changes significantly, up or down.
Long Straddle Calls
If the stock price goes up the trader exercises the call option, sells the stock at the spot price and buys at the strike price. The profit is the price of 100 shares per contract at the spot price minus the strike price, minus the cost of premiums on both put and call options.
Long Straddle Puts
If the stock goes down in price the trader exercises the put option and sells the stock at the strike price and buys at the new, lower market price, the spot price. The profit will be the price of 100 shares per contract at the strike price minus the spot price minus the premium cost of both put and call options.
This strategy is useful in a volatile and unpredictable market. It carries twice the overhead of a call or put trade. But, the trader cuts down on the risk of missing out on an unexpected market move by covering both up and down eventualities. The only time when a trader loses with a long straddle is when the stock price does not change and then he is only out the cost of two options contracts.
Going Short
A short straddle strategy is selling both a put and a call on the same stock with the same options expiration dates. If the stock does not go up or down the options trader gains two premiums, one for the call and one for the put. Straddle options like these can be cash cows for a trader who has done his homework and only sells contracts on stocks that have very little likelihood of going up or down.
Volatile Markets and Big Losses
Whereas a long straddle is ideal for a volatile market a short straddle should only be used in a quiet market. As with all selling of options contracts the losses can be enormous if a stock price changes greatly. Which is why selling options contracts is so commonly limited to traders with very deep pockets.
Volatile Markets and Big Gains
Volatile markets bring us back to the long straddle. This is the ideal strategy for a market that is crazy in its volatility.
The history of international monetary systemSuleyman Ally
The document discusses the history and evolution of international monetary systems from 1816 to present. It describes the gold standard system from 1816-1914, the Bretton Woods system from 1945-1971, and modern exchange rate regimes. The gold standard linked currencies to gold, while the Bretton Woods system established a US dollar-backed system. Countries now choose between fixed exchange rates, where a currency is pegged to another, or floating rates, where the market determines a currency's value.
Financial derivatives have grown enormously over the past decade as a way to differentiate and allocate risk. Derivatives are financial contracts whose value is dependent on an underlying asset such as a stock, bond, commodity, currency, interest rate or index. There are several types of derivatives including forwards, futures, options, and swaps. Derivatives allow risk to be traded in financial markets and help companies and investors to hedge against risk.
A stock market or equity market is a public market for trading company stock and derivatives at agreed prices. Stocks are listed on stock exchanges, which are entities like the New York Stock Exchange. When a company issues stock, it raises money from investors in exchange for ownership stakes. Stock buyers own a claim on the company's assets and earnings. A stock exchange provides a market for trading stocks and bonds, and facilitates capital raising for companies. Major Indian stock exchanges include the Bombay Stock Exchange and National Stock Exchange, located in Mumbai.
History of Indian Capital Markets, structure, SEBI, market concepts - bear and bull markets, stop loss, top-down approach, types of shares - preferential, common equity, hybrid, small mid and large cap, how to read stock quote, PE Ratio and its applications, order FAQ, risks, stock market indices, demat & trading accounts
The document discusses financial markets and provides details about capital markets and money markets. It defines a financial market as any marketplace where buyers and sellers trade financial securities and commodities. Capital markets deal with longer term financial instruments like stocks and bonds, while money markets facilitate short term borrowing and lending with maturities of one year or less, including treasury bills, certificates of deposit, and commercial paper. Both markets play important roles in raising capital and facilitating transactions.
Technical and fundamental analysis on stock market Babasab Patil
The document discusses technical and fundamental analysis of securities. It provides an overview of technical analysis concepts like Dow theory, Elliot waves, and moving averages. It also discusses fundamental analysis, including economic, industry, and company analysis. Key company analysis factors mentioned include management, annual reports, ratios, and cash flow. The document outlines objectives to conduct technical and fundamental analysis of selected Indian stock market securities. It describes the research methodology as involving secondary data analysis and a sample size of 10 stocks for technical analysis and 4 for fundamental analysis.
A project report on technical analysis at share khanBabasab Patil
The document provides an overview of the stock market and technical analysis. It discusses the industry overview including definitions of a stock market and its key participants. It also examines the importance of stock markets and covers topics such as market indices, derivative instruments, investment strategies, taxation, irrational behavior and crashes. The document then provides a profile of Sharekhan, an Indian stock broker, outlining its services, achievements and competitors. It closes with an introduction to the Indian cement industry and profiles three major cement companies - ACC, Ultratech and Grasim.
The document provides an overview of the derivatives market in India. It discusses key concepts like forwards, futures, options, and swaps. It outlines the evolution of the derivatives market in India, from the first steps taken in 1995 to remove prohibitions on options trading, to the establishment of a regulatory framework by SEBI and the launch of index futures and options trading on exchanges like NSE and BSE in 2000. The needs served by derivatives markets are also summarized, such as risk transfer, price discovery, and increasing market volumes. Common participants like hedgers, speculators, arbitrageurs and spreaders are defined. Examples of popular derivatives products available on Indian exchanges are also provided.
The document provides an overview of the stock broking industry in India. It discusses the history of stock exchanges in India dating back to the 1830s. It then covers major players in the industry, the roles of stockbrokers, and the transaction cycle. It analyzes the industry using Porter's Five Forces model, examining suppliers, buyers, potential entrants, substitutes, and competitive rivalry. Key points include that suppliers like depositories and exchanges have some bargaining power, while individual investors have more bargaining power than large institutions. Significant capital requirements, technology, regulations and existing industry networks pose barriers to new entrants. Competitors include established national players and new online brokers offering lower fees.
This document is a summer training project report submitted by Abhishek Sukhwal for their MBA program. The report focuses on studying commodity markets in India. It includes an introduction to commodity markets, definitions of commodities, the need for commodity markets in India, descriptions of major commodity exchanges in the country like NCDEX, MCX, and NMCEIL. The report consists of chapters on commodity futures contracts, commodity trading, participants in commodity markets, and the regulatory framework for commodity trading in India. It aims to analyze commodity markets and provide conclusions and recommendations.
This document provides an analysis of gold as an investment to diversify a portfolio. It discusses the objectives of analyzing gold market factors and fluctuations to help investors determine the right time to invest. The document outlines the methodology, which includes secondary research from sources like the internet and company reports. It also reviews literature on gold and defines relevant investment terms. Additionally, the document examines history factors that influence gold prices, as well as ways to invest in gold, such as coins, bars, and funds.
The document discusses a study conducted on analysis of trading in the gold market. It provides an overview of the foreign exchange and gold markets globally and in India. It describes the objectives, methodology, and tools used in the technical and fundamental analysis conducted as part of the study, including charts. The study was conducted as part of an internship at Harvest Futures Consultants India Pvt. Ltd. under the guidance of a professor.
A project on derivatives market in indiaProjects Kart
A project on derivatives market in India report goes beyond that the local derivative in the emerging markets have witnessed widespread use of the derivative instrument for a variety of reasons. This continuous growth and development by the emerging market participants has resulted in capital inflows as well as helped the investors in risk protection through hedging. Visit: http://www.projectskart.com/p/contact-us.html for more information.
This document is a summer training report submitted by Karan Saraf to BCIPS, Dwarka in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a Bachelor of Business Administration degree. It discusses Karan's summer internship at Sharekhan Ltd, where he learned about the stock market, equity and derivatives trading, and Sharekhan's products and services. The report includes sections on the history and key features of the Indian stock market and exchanges, regulators like SEBI and RBI, and an overview of the brokerage industry in India.
This document is a project report submitted as part of an MMS program. It analyzes the telecom sector of the Indian economy through equity research. The project was guided by Prof. Mayur Malviya and conducted during an internship at BMA Wealth Creators Ltd. The report includes an executive summary, introduction, history of the organization, basic concepts of equity analysis including fundamental and technical analysis, and a live study of stock charts. The objective is to analyze telecom companies, assess their viability as investments, estimate future performance, and determine appropriate investment positions.
AN OUTLOOK ON INVESTING IN GOLD ETFS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO SMALL INVESTOR’SIAEME Publication
This document discusses investing in gold exchange-traded funds (ETFs) with a focus on small investors. It begins with an introduction to gold ETFs, noting they allow investors to own gold in demat accounts without physically holding gold. The document then reviews literature on gold ETF investing and states the problem as small investors having limited information. It outlines objectives to understand reasons for and analyze gold ETF investing. The methodology section describes the descriptive research design and sample. Several tables then show results of the study, such as most investors putting money in gold ETFs for children's education and preferring quarterly investments. Overall, the document examines gold ETF investing preferences and patterns of small investors in India.
COMMODITY FUTURES AS AN INVESTMENT AVENUEAditya Arora
A report on the growth of the commodity futures market has been significant in terms of both network and volume since the inception of the market about a decade ago. At present, there is a two-level formation for Commodity Exchanges in India: Regional and Country-Wide. The regional exchanges are permitted to trade in restricted commodities (which are clearly specified for each regional exchange) and their membership is local. On the other hand, the countrywide exchanges are electronic with demutualized ownership and offer a wide bouquet of contracts for trading purposes. The three premier countrywide commodity exchanges in India are MCX (Multi Commodity Exchange), NMCE (National Multi Commodity Exchange) and NCDEX (National Commodities and Derivatives Exchange). The MCX occupies over 80% of the market share in India and finds its place in the top ten commodity exchanges in the world.
1) The document analyzes and compares various stock broking firms in India. It provides an overview of the Indian stock market and profiles Microsec Capital Ltd, detailing its services.
2) Primary data was collected through surveys to understand customers' preferences. Online trading is preferred over offline. Equity is the most popular investment product. ICICI Direct is the most preferred broking firm.
3) Key factors in choosing a broking firm are low brokerage, good customer service, brand loyalty, margin money, trading tips, and timely research reports. Friends and internet are the main sources of awareness about broking firms.
This document provides an overview of financial markets and various investment avenues in India. It defines key terms like investment, investor, and investment management. It describes different types of financial markets and debt and equity instruments. It also discusses various investment options like bank deposits, real estate, mutual funds, insurance, and gold. Life cycle investment planning and steps in investing are explained. Primary and secondary markets are defined along with market regulators and participants.
This project report summarizes a study on the currency futures market in India conducted by two MBA students, Milan Adodariya and Khima Goraniya, at Anagram Capital as part of their summer training. The report includes an introduction, literature review, research methodology, data collection and analysis sections. It also provides an overview of the foreign exchange market, history of currency futures in India, company and industry profiles, findings from surveys conducted, and conclusions.
Introduction to derivative markets in India; scope, significance, contribution & impact on the financial structure through unique derivative instruments for the market participants
This document contains information about Dr. K. Karthikeyan, an Associate Professor of Commerce and Dean/Controller of Examinations at Vivekananda College. It includes sections on types of securities traded in the stock market like equity shares, bonds, mutual funds etc. It discusses stock exchanges in India, their role in the economy, types of memberships, and trading strategies like arbitrage, day trading etc. The document is an educational guide on the Indian stock market.
The document provides an overview of investments and financial markets in India. It discusses key concepts like the stock exchange, SEBI, BSE, NSEI, MCX, NCDEX and their roles. It also describes various stock market indices like BSE SENSEX, NIFTY 50. The document is a report submitted by students for their MBA coursework covering basics of investments, trading, technical analysis and factors affecting the stock market.
The document discusses a study on financial derivatives, specifically futures and options. It begins with an abstract that introduces derivatives as risk management instruments that derive their value from an underlying asset. The abstract also mentions the three broad categories of participants in derivatives markets: hedgers, speculators, and arbitragers. The introduction then provides more context on the emergence of derivatives markets and how they allow participants to hedge against price uncertainties. The objectives of the study are then outlined as analyzing futures and options operations and profit/loss positions, and studying risk management with derivatives. The scope is limited to futures and options in the Indian context.
The document provides an overview of the Indian capital market and its key components. It discusses the money market and capital market, their differences, and the major participants in each. It then covers the functions and growth of the Indian capital market, including the role of the primary and secondary markets, key reforms over time, and various regulatory bodies.
Relationship manager training for stock marketVivek Kumar
This document provides an overview of relationship management and investing. It discusses what makes a good relationship manager, including having strong sales, communication, and problem-solving skills. It also outlines reasons for investing such as fighting inflation and creating wealth. The document then covers various asset classes for investment like fixed income, equity, real estate, and commodities. It provides details on related topics such as the stock market, trading, risks, and taxation.
1. The document discusses the growth and development of derivatives markets in India, including key milestones like SEBI permitting derivatives trading on Indian stock exchanges in 2000 and the introduction of various derivatives products over subsequent years.
2. It provides background on regulations governing derivatives trading in India and the objectives of regulation, including protecting investors and market integrity.
3. The document outlines the objectives of the study, which include understanding the Indian derivatives market scenario, analyzing whether derivatives have achieved their purpose, and suggesting methods based on observations. It discusses the scope and limitations of the study.
Similar to Fundamental and technical analysis of gold srishty jain (20)
The 10 Most Influential Leaders Guiding Corporate Evolution, 2024.pdfthesiliconleaders
In the recent edition, The 10 Most Influential Leaders Guiding Corporate Evolution, 2024, The Silicon Leaders magazine gladly features Dejan Štancer, President of the Global Chamber of Business Leaders (GCBL), along with other leaders.
SATTA MATKA SATTA FAST RESULT KALYAN TOP MATKA RESULT KALYAN SATTA MATKA FAST RESULT MILAN RATAN RAJDHANI MAIN BAZAR MATKA FAST TIPS RESULT MATKA CHART JODI CHART PANEL CHART FREE FIX GAME SATTAMATKA ! MATKA MOBI SATTA 143 spboss.in TOP NO1 RESULT FULL RATE MATKA ONLINE GAME PLAY BY APP SPBOSS
Brian Fitzsimmons on the Business Strategy and Content Flywheel of Barstool S...Neil Horowitz
On episode 272 of the Digital and Social Media Sports Podcast, Neil chatted with Brian Fitzsimmons, Director of Licensing and Business Development for Barstool Sports.
What follows is a collection of snippets from the podcast. To hear the full interview and more, check out the podcast on all podcast platforms and at www.dsmsports.net
How MJ Global Leads the Packaging Industry.pdfMJ Global
MJ Global's success in staying ahead of the curve in the packaging industry is a testament to its dedication to innovation, sustainability, and customer-centricity. By embracing technological advancements, leading in eco-friendly solutions, collaborating with industry leaders, and adapting to evolving consumer preferences, MJ Global continues to set new standards in the packaging sector.
How are Lilac French Bulldogs Beauty Charming the World and Capturing Hearts....Lacey Max
“After being the most listed dog breed in the United States for 31
years in a row, the Labrador Retriever has dropped to second place
in the American Kennel Club's annual survey of the country's most
popular canines. The French Bulldog is the new top dog in the
United States as of 2022. The stylish puppy has ascended the
rankings in rapid time despite having health concerns and limited
color choices.”
Part 2 Deep Dive: Navigating the 2024 Slowdownjeffkluth1
Introduction
The global retail industry has weathered numerous storms, with the financial crisis of 2008 serving as a poignant reminder of the sector's resilience and adaptability. However, as we navigate the complex landscape of 2024, retailers face a unique set of challenges that demand innovative strategies and a fundamental shift in mindset. This white paper contrasts the impact of the 2008 recession on the retail sector with the current headwinds retailers are grappling with, while offering a comprehensive roadmap for success in this new paradigm.
Storytelling is an incredibly valuable tool to share data and information. To get the most impact from stories there are a number of key ingredients. These are based on science and human nature. Using these elements in a story you can deliver information impactfully, ensure action and drive change.
Top mailing list providers in the USA.pptxJeremyPeirce1
Discover the top mailing list providers in the USA, offering targeted lists, segmentation, and analytics to optimize your marketing campaigns and drive engagement.
Best practices for project execution and deliveryCLIVE MINCHIN
A select set of project management best practices to keep your project on-track, on-cost and aligned to scope. Many firms have don't have the necessary skills, diligence, methods and oversight of their projects; this leads to slippage, higher costs and longer timeframes. Often firms have a history of projects that simply failed to move the needle. These best practices will help your firm avoid these pitfalls but they require fortitude to apply.
At Techbox Square, in Singapore, we're not just creative web designers and developers, we're the driving force behind your brand identity. Contact us today.
The APCO Geopolitical Radar - Q3 2024 The Global Operating Environment for Bu...APCO
The Radar reflects input from APCO’s teams located around the world. It distils a host of interconnected events and trends into insights to inform operational and strategic decisions. Issues covered in this edition include:
Digital Marketing with a Focus on Sustainabilitysssourabhsharma
Digital Marketing best practices including influencer marketing, content creators, and omnichannel marketing for Sustainable Brands at the Sustainable Cosmetics Summit 2024 in New York
3 Simple Steps To Buy Verified Payoneer Account In 2024SEOSMMEARTH
Buy Verified Payoneer Account: Quick and Secure Way to Receive Payments
Buy Verified Payoneer Account With 100% secure documents, [ USA, UK, CA ]. Are you looking for a reliable and safe way to receive payments online? Then you need buy verified Payoneer account ! Payoneer is a global payment platform that allows businesses and individuals to send and receive money in over 200 countries.
If You Want To More Information just Contact Now:
Skype: SEOSMMEARTH
Telegram: @seosmmearth
Gmail: seosmmearth@gmail.com
Easily Verify Compliance and Security with Binance KYCAny kyc Account
Use our simple KYC verification guide to make sure your Binance account is safe and compliant. Discover the fundamentals, appreciate the significance of KYC, and trade on one of the biggest cryptocurrency exchanges with confidence.
Taurus Zodiac Sign: Unveiling the Traits, Dates, and Horoscope Insights of th...my Pandit
Dive into the steadfast world of the Taurus Zodiac Sign. Discover the grounded, stable, and logical nature of Taurus individuals, and explore their key personality traits, important dates, and horoscope insights. Learn how the determination and patience of the Taurus sign make them the rock-steady achievers and anchors of the zodiac.
Structural Design Process: Step-by-Step Guide for BuildingsChandresh Chudasama
The structural design process is explained: Follow our step-by-step guide to understand building design intricacies and ensure structural integrity. Learn how to build wonderful buildings with the help of our detailed information. Learn how to create structures with durability and reliability and also gain insights on ways of managing structures.
Structural Design Process: Step-by-Step Guide for Buildings
Fundamental and technical analysis of gold srishty jain
1. 1
A Summer Internship Project Report on
“Fundamental and Technical analysis of GOLD”
POST GRADUATE DIPLOMA IN MANAGEMENT
By
SRISHTY JAIN
Roll number: BM-016249
(2016-18)
FACULTY MENTOR: INDUSTRY MENTOR:
Mr. GAURAV DAWAR Dr. RAVI SINGH
(Department of Finance, IMS Gzb.) (Research Department head,
SMC Global Securities Ltd.)
2. 2
DECLARATION
I, Srishty Jain, do hereby declare that the Summer Internship Project entitled “Study on
Commodity market, Analysis on Gold” has been undertaken by me as part of my studies in the
degree of Master of Business Administration. I have completed this study under the guidance of
Mr. Gaurav Dawar, Professor of Finance, Institute of Management Studies, Gzb. And Dr. Ravi
Singh (Research Head, SMC Global Securities Ltd.)
I also declare that this work has not been submitted for the award of any degree, diploma,
associateship or fellowship or any other title in this Institute or any other College/ University.
Place: IMS, Gzb Srishty Jain
Date: Roll No.: BM-016249
3. 3
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
I am indebted to many people who helped me accomplish this internship successfully.
First, I thank to the Director, Dr. J.P. Sharma, Director of Institute of Management Studies Gzb.,
for giving me the opportunity to do my summer internship project.
I thank, Dr. Tapan Kumar Nayak, Program Chairperson PGDM, Institute of Management
Studies for their kind support.
I wish to take this opportunity to express my deep sense of gratitude to thank Dr. Ravi Singh
(Research head, SMC Global Securities Ltd.) for this valuable guidance throughout my project. I
sincerely thank SMC GLOBAL SECURITIES LTD. for providing me with an opportunity to work
in the RESEARCH Department.
I thank Mr. Gaurav Dawar, for his support and guidance during the course of my summer
internship. I remember him with much gratitude for his patience and motivation, but for which I
could not have submitted this work.
I thank my parents for their blessings and constant support, without which this summer
internship would not have seen the light of day.
Srishty Jain
Roll No. BM-016249
4. 4
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER
NO.
TOPIC NAME PAGE
NO.
Declaration
Acknowledgement
Executive summary
2
3
6
1.0
1.1
1.2
Introduction to Industry and Company
Overview Of Industry
Overview Of Company
7-15
16-22
2.0 Literature review 23
3.0
3.1
3.2
Project objectives
Objective of the study
Scope of the study
24
24
4.0
4.1
4.2
Project methodology
Data collection of the study
Statistical tools used
Technical tools used
25
25
25
5.0 Introduction to the topic 26-35
6.0 Data analysis
Correlation and Regression
Impact of GST on gold
36-40
41-42
7.0
7.1
7.2
Fundamental facts
Effect of sub-prime crises on gold
Impact of U.S. non- employment
payroll on gold
Impact of FED. Interest rate hike on gold
43
44
44
8.0 Technical Analysis 45-57
9.0 Findings, recommendations and conclusion 58-61
Bibliography 62
Annexure 63-66
6. 6
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Indian Stock Market has undergone through various ups and downs. This report is the collective
research of Fundamental and Technical Analysis of gold. Past gold prices were analyzed in order
to understand the current and the future scenario.All the factors affecting the prices of gold was
included in the fundamental analysis to understand the factors and its impact on gold.
Also it includes the international analysis i.e. export, import, consumption, reserves. All the
fundamental facts are also included in the analysis i.e. Subprime Crises, US Non-Employment
Payroll and Impact Of FED Rate increase. After that the statistical tools are applied to define the
relationship of gold with USD and Silver.And in the last part of gold analysis the strategies are
defined for the future predictions by using the technical tools. Also the portfolio of nifty 50 is
being created by calculating the ROI of the 51 companies.
7. 7
Chapter 1
Introduction to the Industry and Company
1.1 OVERVIEW OF THE INDUSTRY
COMMODITY MARKET
A virtual market place for buying, selling and trading raw or primary products, for the people who
want to invest. There are currently about 50 major commodity markets which are worldwide to
provide facilities to the investors to trade in around 100 primary commodities. Commodities are
divided into two types: hard and soft commodities. Hard commodities include natural resources
that must be mined or extracted (gold, rubber, oil, etc.), whereas soft commodities include
agricultural products or livestock (corn, wheat, sugar, coffee, soybeans, pork, etc.)
The two exchanges for commodity are:
National Commodity & Derivatives Exchange (NCDEX) Limited Mumbai
It is one of the online based commodity exchange in India. It was commenced on 9, May 2003
and began its operations on 15 December, 2003. It is the only exchange in India which is being
promoted by National Institutions. It is regulated by SEBI.
Products and Services
Agri Products such as cereals and Pulses, Bajra, Cotton, Guar, Guar Gum, Rubber, Potato
Oil and Oil seeds, Soya Bean Degummed, Soy oil Refined, soy oil Crude Palm Oil, Soymeal
Sugar, Pepper, Turmeric, JEERA, Chilli, Coriander.
Non- Agri Products such as steel, copper, Gold (100 gm), Gold Hedge, Silver, Silver Hedge
8. 8
Timings
Products Timings
Weekdays
Agri commodities 10 a.m – 5 p.m.
Bullion , metal, Crude, PVC 10 a.m.- 5 p.m.
Saturdays
Agri commodities 10a.m- 2p.m.
Bullion, Metal, Crude, PVC Closed
Multi Commodity Exchange (MCX) of India Limited Mumbai
MCX is the youngest stock exchange out of the three stock exchanges. It is established in
November 2003 and is based in Mumbai. It is the commodity derivatives exchange that facilitates
online trading, and clearing and settlement of commodity futures transactions, thereby providing
a platform for risk management. MCX is regulated by SEBI.
MCX Timings
10:00a.m to 5:00 p.m- Morning Session
5:00p.m to 11:30 p.m- Evening Session (Summer)
5:00p.m to 11:55p.m- Evening Session( Winters)
Indices
MCX Agri, MCX Energy, MCX Metal, Rainfall Indices.
9. 9
Products Traded on MCX
A. Bullions- Gold, Gold Mini, Silver, Silver Mini, Silver Micro, Silver 1000, Gold Petal
B. Base Metals- Aluminum, Copper, Zinc, Nickel, Aluminum Mini, Copper Mini, Zinc Mini,
Nickel Mini.
C. Energy: Crude Oil, Crude Oil Mini, Crude Oil Brent, Natural Gas
D. Agro Commodities- Cardamom, Cotton, Crude Palm Oil, Mentha Oil,Castor seeds, Kapas.
Factors Affecting these commodities:
a) USD- INR exchange rate
b) Economic factors, industry growth, financial crisis such as recession, inflation
c) Weather conditions in case of agri commodities
Players in the market:
Hedgers- A hedger is a one who takes steps to reduce the risk by offsetting the investment.
Hedging strategies are used by the hedger to reduce the risk. Hedgers may reduce the risk but in
doing so, they can reduce the profit potential. Their main objective is to protect the profit and
limit the expenses.
For Instance- A cereal manufacturer wants to hedge against wheat price rising by buying a futures
contract that promises delivery of July wheat at a specified price.
Speculators-A speculators are the people who trade derivatives, commodities, bonds, equities or
currencies with a more risk in return for a higher than the average profit. Speculators take large
risks, to earn the higher profits. Speculators are typically sophisticated risk-taking investors as
10. 10
they have expertise in the markets in which they are trading in; they use investments
like futures and options. These investors are call speculators because of their ability to predict
price changes. Normally, speculators do not operate for a short time period as the traditional
investors. For instance: An investor who is investing by seeing the bearish trend with a prediction
or expectation of an increase in trend in near future. This unpredictable and risky investment is
what a speculator does.
Arbitragers- An arbitrager is a attempting to profit from price differences in the market. These
people buy from one market and sell it to the other with the higher price range. They make the
risk-free profits.
For example, searching for the stocks registered in different markets, then buying the stock from
the market where the stock price is less and selling it to the other market where the stock price is
more than the buying price.
INDIAN STOCK MARKET
A stock exchange is the exchange which provides services to stock brokers and traders for trading
of stocks, bonds, and other securities. Stock exchanges provide facilities to issuing and redeeming
the securities and other financial instruments, and capital investments which includes the payment
of income and dividends. Securities which are being traded on a stock exchange include stocks,
unit trusts, derivatives, pooled investment products and bonds. Indian stock market is about 200
years old. Prior to this the bills of exchange were in used, which was considered as a form by
which virtual stock can be traded. The first stock market which was organized was governed by
the rules and regulations and it came into the existence in the form of “The Native Share and Stock
Brokers Association” in the year 1875. After going through number of changes this is the better
11. 11
association today as Bombay Stock Exchange is. During this period many other exchanges were
also launched. There are 19 stock exchanges which are recognize and are presently there, out of
the 19, 4 are at national level exchanger and the remaining are regional level exchanger. National
stock exchange (NSE) was established in 1992 and was the last exchange. The regional level
exchanger exist but trading in the exchanger is negligible. In the terms of listing, trading and
volume, the Indian stock market leader are National stock exchange (NSE) and Bombay stock
exchange (BSE). The market has a gone the post liberalization of Indian economy and also it has
witness the formation of security and stock exchange board of India (SEBI). The last 15 years of
Indian security market is considered is the most important part and also the sustainable
transparency in share market capital brought by SEBI. SEBI has also managed to bring in trust of
domestic as well as international investor.
NATIONAL STOCK EXCHANGE(NSE)
NSE is the leading stock exchange of India headquarters in Mumbai and was established in 1992.
NSE was the first exchange to provide a modern, fully automated screen based on electronic
trading system which offered easy trading facility to the investors.
NIFTY 51
Nifty is the index of the NSE. It comprises of 51 stock index companies, 51th being the TATA
DVR which is recently added. Nifty represents the overall performance of the NSE
12. 12
NSE Timings
9:00a.m to 9:15 a.m – Pre opening period( for modification)
9:15a.m to 9:50a.m- Block deal session (Block Deal is a single transaction, of a minimum
quantity of five lakh shares or a minimum value of Rs 5 crore, between two parties which are
mostly institutional players. The transaction happens through a separate trading window).
9:15 a.m to 3.30p.m – Trading period
3.40p.m to 4:00p.m- Closing Session period
Products traded on NSE
Capital Market
A. Equities: Equity is the value of share issued by the company. Equity is traded on the
secondary market i.e these are previously issued. Currently, more than 1300 securities are
available for trading on the Exchange.
B. Indices: A stock market index is a measure of the relative value of a group of stocks in
numerical terms. As the stocks within an index change value, the index value changes.
C. Mutual Funds: In mutual funds, funds are collected from investors for the purpose of
investing in securities such as stocks, bonds, money market instruments and similar assets.
The main advantages of mutual funds is that they give small investors access to
professionally managed, diversified portfolios of equities, bonds and other securities,
which would be quite difficult to create with a small amount of capital.
D. IPO (Initial Public Offerings) : IPO is issued in the primary market. IPO is offered in
the market to raise the funds and to expand the business of the issuing company. It is the
largest source of funds for a company.
13. 13
E. Security Lending and Borrowing Scheme (SLBS): The Securities Lending and
Borrowing mechanism allows short sellers to borrow securities for making delivery. Short
Selling means selling of a stock that the seller does not own at the time of trade.
F. Sovereign Gold Bond Scheme: Sovereign Gold Bonds are Government securities
denominated in multiples of gram(s) of gold. The minimum quantity to be traded is 1 gm
and maximum to be 500 gms. They are substitute for investment in physical gold. The
returns are higher than the actual gold.
G. Equity Derivatives: The value of the derivative is derived from the one or more
underlying security. Option and future are the most common equity derivatives.
H. Currency Derivative: Currency Derivatives are available on four currency pairs viz. US
Dollars (USD), Euro (EUR), Great Britain Pound (GBP) and Japanese Yen (JPY). A
future contract is to exchange one currency for another at a specified date in the future at a
price (exchange rate) that is fixed on the purchase date.
NSE Bond Futures: An Interest Rate Futures contract is an agreement to buy or sell a debt
instrument at a specified future date at a price that is fixed today.The underlying security for
Interest Rate Futures is either Government Bond or T-Bill.
14. 14
BOMBAY STOCK EXCHANGE(BSE)
BSE is the Asia’s first stock exchange. It is established in 1875,more than 5500 companies are
listed in the BSE. BSE provides a host of other services to capital market participants including
risk management, clearing, settlement, market data services and education.
BSE Timings
Pre-open Trading Session 09:00 – 09:15 Trading Session 09:15 – 15:30
Position Transfer Session 15:40 – 16:00 Closing Session 15:40 – 16:00
SENSEX
BSE's equity index - the S&P BSE SENSEX - is India's most widely tracked stock market
benchmark index. It is traded internationally on the EUREX as well as leading exchanges of the
BRCS nations (Brazil, Russia, China and South Africa).
Sensex is the measure of overall performance of the top 30 companies.
Products traded on BSE
a) Equity
b) Derivatives
c) Indices
d) Currency Derivative
e) IRD
Currently BSE’s Interest Rate Derivative (IRD) Segment offers
91-day Government of India (GOI) Treasury Bill Futures
10 Year Government of India Futures
IMPACT OF THE INDUSTRY ON INDIAN ECONOMY
The movements in the stock market has a profound impact on the economy and the everyday
people. If there is a collapse in share prices, it leads to the widespread of economic disruption.
For Instance, the stock market crash of 1929 has a key impact which led to great depression of the
1930s.
15. 15
Economic effects of stock market
1. Wealth Effect- If the people lost their money on shares, they will be more resistant to spend
money, this will contribute to fall in consumer spending. Often, this effect will not be given too
much importance. However, people who buy shares are prepared to lose their money, their
spending patterns are usually independent of the shares prices.
2. Investment- Falling of the share prices may hamper the firm ability to raise finance on
the stock market. Firms who are expanding wish to borrow money by issuing more shares,
which provides them a low cost way of borrowing more money. However, it becomes more
difficult with the falling of the share prices.
3. Bond Market- A fall in the stock market may lead to other investments more attractive. People
can move out of shares and can invest into government bonds or gold.
Effect of Stock Market on the Ordinary people
1. Effect on Pensions- People with the private pension or investment trust will be affected with
the fall in the fall in the share prices of the stock market indirectly, as it will reduce the value of
the pension funds. Thus, future pension layouts will be lower.
2. Business Investment- It could be the source of business investment i.e firms can offer new
shares to finance investment which could create new job offers.
16. 16
1.2 OVERVIEW OF THE COMPANY
Founded in 1994, SMC Group is one of India’s leading financial services and investment
solutions providers and has been rated as India’s Best Equity, Derivatives & Currency
Broker and Broking house with the largest Distribution Network. Recently, it has been
awarded with the Best Equity Broking House – Derivative Segment & Fastest Growing
Equity Broking House -Large Firm. A blend of extensive experience, diverse talent and
client focus has made us achieve this landmark.
Over the years, SMC has expanded its operations domestically as well as internationally.
Existing network includes regional offices at Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Ahmadabad,
Jaipur, Hyderabad, Bangalore plus a growing network of branches & 2500+ registered sub-
brokers and authorized persons spread across500+ cities and towns in India.
They are amongst the first financial firms in India to expand operations in the lucrative gulf
market, by acquiring license for broking and clearing member with Dubai Gold and
Commodities exchange (DGCX).
VISION
Aspire to be a global organization having dominant position in financial and investment
service through customer centric approach.
MISSION
To help people make the right investment, the right way.
17. 17
VALUES
1. Passion- Helping People to achieve their financial goals.
2. Integrity- Being ethical builds trust.
3. Relationship- One transaction, lifetime relationship.
4. Innovation- Being ahead. With research and technology.
5. Trustworthy - Keeping the promise every time.
TURNOVER OF THE COMPANY
NAMEOF THE SUBSIDIARY COMPANY TURNOVER(in Rs)
SMC Capitals Limited 119011378
Moneywise Financial Services Pvt.Ltd 270164020
SMC Comtrade Ltd. 419824497
SMC Insurance Brokers Pvt.Ltd 424930829
SMC Comex International DMCC
In USD
In INR
2449819
162503586
SMC Investments and Advisors Ltd. 189887502
Indunia Realtech Ltd. (formally known as
SMC ARC Ltd.
2172459
SMC Finvest Ltd. 12479805
Moneywise Finvest Ltd. 1625324
18. 18
BASED ON COMPETITORS
S.NO COMPANY
NAME
BROKERAGE
FOR
DELIVERY
BROKERAGE
FOR
INTERADAY
PRODUCTS AND
SERVICES
1. SMC
.20% .02%
Broking and Clearing,
Distribution, Financing and
Loan Syndication, Wealth
Management, Insurance
Broking, Investment
Banking, Real Estate
Advisory, Institutional Desk,
NRI and PI services,
Depository Services
2. MOTILAL
OSWAL
.50% 0.05% Private Wealth Management,
Retail Broking and
Distribution, Institutional
Broking, Asset Management,
Investment Banking, Private
Equity, Commodity Broking,
Currency Broking, Principal
Strategies and Home Finance
3. Angel Broking 0.128%-0.4% 0.0128%-0.04% Equity, Currency Trading,
Commodity Trading,
Derivatives, Life Insurance,
Mutual Funds
4. ICICI Direct 0.75%-0.25% 0.75%-0.25% Equity, Derivatives, Mutual
Funds, ETF, Insurance, FD/
Bonds, Loans, Tax, E-locker,
NPS
5. Religare 0.50% -0.10% 0.050%-0.010% Stock, Derivatives, Currency
and Commodity
PROMOTERS OF THE COMPANY
Management Group Designation
Mr. S C Aggarwal Chairman and Managing Director, SMC Group
Mr. Mahesh C Gupta Vice chairman and Managing Director, SMC Group
Mr. D K Aggarwal Chairman & Managing Director - SMC Investments & Advisors Ltd;
Chairman & Managing Director - SMC Capitals Limited; Chairman
19. 19
– SMC Comtrade Limited ; Chairman-SMC Real Estate Advisors
Pvt. Ltd; Director-SMC Comex International DMCC
Mr. Ajay Garg Whole Time Director – SMC Global Securities Limited
Mr. Anurag Bansal Whole Time Director – SMC Global Securities Limited
Ms. Shweta Aggarwal Director- SMC Capitals Limited
Mr. Pravin Agarwal Whole Time Director - SMC Insurance Brokers Pvt. Ltd.
Mr Himanshu Gupta Director - Indunia Realtech Ltd., CFO – SMC Comtrade Ltd.
Mr. N.D Gupta Independent and Non- Executive Director
Mr. Satish Chandra
Gupta
Independent and Non- Executive Director
Mr. K.M Agrawal Independent and Non- Executive Director
Mr. R.C Jindal Independent and Non- Executive Director
Mr. H.D Khunteta Independent and Non- Executive Director
Mr. Chandra Wadhwa Independent and Non- Executive Director
Dr. Madhu Vij Independent and Non- Executive Director
Mr. Finney Cherian Independent and Non- Executive Director
Mr. G.S Sundararajan Proposed Non- Executive Director
Mr. R.P Mahipal Independent and Non-Executive, Director-SMC Finvest Ltd., SMC
Insurance Brokers Pvt. Ltd., SMC Real Estate Advisors Pvt. Ltd.
Mr. Himanshu Gupta Director and CFO Moneywise Financial Services Pvt. Ltd., Director-
SMC Comtrade Ltd., Indunia Realtech Ltd
Ms. Reema Garg Director, SMC Investments &
Advisors Ltd.)
Chief Human Resource Officer
(CHRO)- SMC Global Securities Ltd..,
Ms. Akanksha Gupta Whole Time Director, SMC Insurance Brokers Pvt. Ltd.
Mr. Lalit Aggarwal Whole Time Director, SMC Real Estate Advisors Pvt. Ltd.,
Director- Moneywise Finvest Limited
Mr. Pravin Kr.
Agarwal
Whole Time Director, SMC Insurance Brokers Pvt. Ltd.
Mr. V.K. Jamar Group CFO
20. 20
Mr. Suman Kumar [E.V.P.(Corporate Affairs & Legal) & Company Secretary] and
Compliance Officer
Mr. Mohit Shyngle (Senior Vice-President)
Mr. M.K. Gupta (Senior Vice-President)
Mr. Ashok Kumar
Aggarwal
(Senior Vice-President)
Mr. S.S Bansal CFO- SMC Investments and Advisors Ltd.
Ms. Nidhi Bansal Vice – President
Mr. Om Prakash
Aggarwal
Head- Debt (SMC Capitals Ltd.)
Ms. Sonal Shah Head- M&A (SMC Capitals Ltd.)
CSR ACTIVITIES
The company has contributed towards Education, Health Facilities, Rural Area Projects and Slum
Area Development Projects. The company mainly focus on hunger, malnutrition, poverty,
education, women empowerment which has been described under schedule 7 of the companies
Act 2013 for the purpose of CSR Activity. The net profit of the company is Rs. 163231348 and
total amount spend is Rs. 2700000.
Project Activities Sector Amount Spent on Project
Sewa Bharti Earthquake Relief Fund 500000
Bharat Lok Shiksha For running Ekal Vidhyalaya
Informal education of Tribal
Children
1000000
Chtrapati Shivaji Samaj Kaly For promotion of education 200000
23. 23
Chapter 2
Review of Literature
In the study, Apak, Akman, Cankaya and Sonmezer, (2012), it includes the major exporters and
importers to explain the price fluctuations in the gold prices. India, China, Turkey, Russia, USA,
Indonesia, Switzerland, UK and Euro zone countries are the top gold demanding countries. On
the other hand, China, Australia, USA, South Africa, Russia, Canada and Indonesia are the top
Gold producing countries according to World Gold Council. The change in USD, Swiss Franc,
Canadian Dollar influences the Gold positively or negatively.
Tully and Lucey, (2007), scrutinize the relationship between the gold price and the US Dollar.
Their study indicates that the datasets which is being used in the analysis for various economic
variables spanning from 1983 to 2001. The study also confirms that there are few macroeconomic
factors that may impact the gold prices, the exchange rate of domestic currency to US Dollar.
In another study ,Capie, Mills and Woods, (2004) used weekly data for last thirty days for the
spot gold price of gold to USD to analyze that up to what extent gold be acted as a hedge.This
study concluded that the relationship between Gold and USD is inelastic and negative. But, this
also can be shifted over time. The yellow metal is basically dependent on the political events and
uncertainties
24. 24
Chapter 3
Project Objectives and Methadology
3.1 Objective of Study
Primary Objective:-
To study the relationship between Gold and USD prices
Secondary Objective:-
To study how the fundamental factors affecting the price of Gold
To study the movement of Gold in the Indian commodity market
To study how the price of Gold will fluctuate in the Indian commodity market
To find whether gold is a good investment
Research Methodology
Research Methodology is a way in which the researchers specify about how they will retrieve the
data which is important to take the company’s decisions.
It is a way to systematically solve the research problem. Methodology includes the research
procedure by which the study is done. The elements of research methodology are research design,
sampling procedure and the data collection method and analysis procedure.
Research Design
Research Design is a framework of how the study has been done and how the data has been
collected. In this study we have use quantitative research design because here we have used the
traditional mathematical and statistical means to measure the results.
3.2 Scope of the study
The study will help us to know the relationship between Gold and USD
The study also helps us to understand the causes for the fluctuations of Gold prices
The study also is a guide to investors as to when to invest in Gold
25. 25
Chapter 4
Project Methodology
Data Collection of the Study
Secondary Data
The secondary data is the already existing data from the other sources i.e. investing.com and
mcxindia.com. The data is descriptive in nature. This data is cheaper and is easily available.
This type of data is used to save time.
Period of Study
The study covers a period of 6 months spanning from October 2016 to March 2017
4.1 Statistical Tools Used
Correlation Analysis
Regression Analysis
Mean
Standard Deviation
Skewness
Kurtosis
4.2 Technical tools used
RSI (Relative Strength Index)
MA (Moving average)
Stochastic
26. 26
Chapter 5
Introduction to the topic
GOLD
Gold is a chemical element
Symbol = Au
Atomic no = 79
Gold is a dense, soft, shiny and the most metafile and ductile pure metal with bright yellow color
and luster which is traditionally considered attractive and is maintained without oxidizing air and
water. Gold is serve as a symbol of wealth and is one of the coinage metal. Gold has store of
value throughout the history, the standards of gold provides a basis of monetary policy. Gold has
meant prestige, wealth and power, and it is linked to the variety of ideology for centuries. The
natural beauty and rarity of gold has made it equally important and precious to men and women.
Owning gold has been a safeguard against disaster. On the failure of paper money and men has
turned to gold as the source of monetary wealth there is no difference exist in today’s era. There
has been fluctuation in every market and also there are downturns in sum, the gold holds is its own
expectation. For planning a future gold is good way to invest as the amount of gold is limited in
the world. The gold is homogeneous, fungible and indestructible, these attributes set it apart from
other commodity and tend to make it returns insensitive to business cycle fluctuations.
Gold is bought and sold by people for:-
1. Use in jewellery
2. Industrial application
3. Investment purpose
27. 27
USES OF GOLD
= gold is money
= gold is insurance
= gold is an investment
= gold is usefulness as safe haven
= gold is useful as asset diversifier
GOLD INVESTMENT
It is the most popular investment. Gold is generally bought as a hedge instrument against crises
like economic, political and social (and includes investment market declines, currency failure,
inflation, war, social unrest. Through the use of future and derivative the gold is subject to
speculation. The certain factor suggests that the gold behave more like a currency than a
commodity which are:-
1. The history of gold standard
2. The role of gold reserve in central banking
3. Gold low correlation with others commodity prices, and
4. Its pricing in relation to fiat currency.
28. 28
INVESTMENT VECHICLE
BARS
Buying bullion gold bars is the most traditional way in investing in gold. The gold bars are
available in different prices. They generally carry low premium that of gold bullion points. The
risk of forgery increases with the increase in bar’s sizes because of their less stringent parameters.
Gold bars cannot be easily weighted and measured against the known value.
COINS
Gold coins are the most common way of owning gold. The prices of coins are set according to
their respective weights, plus the premium which is based on demand and supply.
29. 29
EXCHANGE – TRADED PRODUCTS (ETPs)
The exchange traded product in gold include ETs, ETNs, and CEFs which are traded like share on
the major stock exchanges. The 1 gold ETs was launched in March 2003 on the Australian stock
exchange and it originally represent exactly 0.1 troy ounce (3.1) of gold. SED are gold shares is
the second largest traded fund (ETs) in the world (market capitalization, November 2010)
The two ways of selling ETs shares are:-
1. Investor can sell the individually share to other investors, or
2. They can sell the creation unit back to the ETs.
THE FACTORS AFFECTING GOLD PRICE
The major factors which affect the gold prices are:-
1. Demand for consumer goods
2. Value of dollar
3. Inflation prospects
4. Lack of safe haven
5. Gold reserve
30. 30
6. Supply
7. Speculation
8. Increase in the demand for exchange traded paper baged products
9. Growth in demand jewels
10. Monetary policy
11. U.S government borrowing
SUPPLY, DEMAMD AND FACTORS AFFECTING PRICE
China is the world largest gold producer nation and producer included:-
1. Australia
2. U.S.
3. Russia
4. South Africa
5. Canada
6. Ghana
7. Indonesia
8. Uzbekistan
GOLD SUPPLY- 5 YEARS
Table 1:
Indian supply
estimates (tonnes) 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Year-on-year
% change
Supply
Gross Bullion imports 974.5 959.4
994.
8 1,065.0 648.3 -39
of which doré1 23.2 36.9 84.1 229.0 141.9 -38
Net bullion imports 842.8 876.4
898.
6 913.6 557.7 -39
Scrap 118.0 95.8 92.5 80.2 81.8 2
Domestic supply from
other sources2 10.0 9.6 9.9 9.2 9.9 8
Total supply3 970.8 981.8
1,00
1.0 1,003.0 649.5 -35
Source* world gold council
31. 31
Source* world gold council
India is largest importing nation of precious metal with the main consumption for jewellery.
Dollar is important to look upon when we are talking of gold prices. They have an inverse
correlations with each other i.e. the price of dollar is increase the price of gold is decrease and
vice-versa. The gold price increases at the time of recession and economic prosperity.
Gold Demand( tonnes) 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
year on
year
change(%)
Jewellery 2133.1 2691.6 2488.1 2400.2 2040.3 -15
Technology 381.3 355.9 348.7 332 323.4 -3
Electronics 266.5 249.8 277.5 262.1 255.7 -2
Other Industrial 86.4 83.1 51.2 51 49.7 -2
Dentistry 28.4 23 19.9 18.9 18 -5
Investment 1610.2 800.2 861 937.7 1574.2 68
Total Bar and coin Demand 1303.5 1715.7 1044.8 1066 1042 -2
Physical Bar Demand 1008.6 1346.4 760.5 766.6 769.6
Official coin 184.8 268.7 204.8 224.3 207.2 -8
Medal 110.1 100.6 79.5 75.1 65.2 -13
ETFs 306.7 -915.5 -183.8 -128.3 532.1
Cental Bank&Other Institutions 79.2 480.8 569.3 623.8 583.9 -35
Gold Demand 4217.5 4739.2 4693.9 4471.6 4281.6 2
GOLD DEMAND- 5 YEARS
Table 2:
32. 32
Table 3:
Top 15 reported official gold holdings (as at March 2017)
Tonnes % of reserves
1 United States 8,133.5 75%
2 Germany 3,377.9 69%
3 IMF 2,814.0 -
4 Italy 2,451.8 68%
5 France 2,435.9 64%
6 China 1,842.6 2%
7 Russia 1,680.1 17%
8 Switzerland 1,040.0 6%
9 Japan 765.2 2%
10 Netherlands 612.5 64%
11 India 557.8 6%
12 ECB 504.8 27%
13 Turkey 427.8 16%
14 Taiwan 423.6 4%
15 Portugal 382.5 55%
Source* world gold council
34. 34
GOLD EXPORT (Value in US$)
Table5
Commodity 2016-2017 2015-2016 2014-2015 2013-2014 2012-2013
Gold 5275.45 4984.71 2844.25 3031.84 4366.10
Source* www.commerce.nic.in
GOLD CONTRACT SPECIFICATION
Gold
Trading Unit 1 Kg
Quotation / Base value 10gms
Maximum order size 10 kg
Tick Size (minimum price movement) Re.1 per 10 grams
Initial margin 5%
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
2016-2017 2015-2016 2014-2015 2013-2014 2012-2013
Gold export (in US$)
35. 35
Gold Mini
Trading Unit 100gms
Quotation/ Base value 10 gms
Tick Size(minimum price movement) Re.1 per 10 grams
Initial margin 5%
Gold Petal
Trading Unit 1 gram
Quotation/ Base value 1 gram
Tick Size(minimum price movement) Re.1 per 1 gram
Initial margin Minimum 5 % or based on SPAN whichever
is higher
Gold Guinea
Trading Unit 8 grams
Quotation/ Base value 8 grams
Minimum order size 10 kg
Tick Size(minimum price movement) Re. 1 per 8 grams
Initial margin 4%
36. 36
Chapter 6
Data Analysis
6.1 MATRIX FORMATION
USD/INR GOLD SILVER
USD/INR 1.00 -0.356278 -0.261552
GOLD -0.3562776 1.00 0.8944292
SILVER -0.2615521 0.8944292 1.00
Interpretation
This shows that there is an inverse relationship between Gold and USD, Silver and USD and a
positive relationship between Gold and Silver due to macroeconomic factors such as political
events and uncertainties at that span of time i.e from October 2016- March 2017. By calculating
the correlation of Gold and USD of last 5 years we get the value of -10.812 (5 years weekly data).
Thus we can say that the correlation is more in 6 months data due to the increased demand in third
quarter.
CALCULATION OF CORRELATION AND REGRESSION
R R^2
Gold-Silver 0.894429197 0.8000036
Gold-USD -0.3562776 0.1269337
USD-Silver -0.2615521 0.0684095
37. 37
REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF GOLD-USD
INTERPRETATION
X-Axis represents Gold Prices in INR.
Y-Axis represents USD prices in INR.
The equation shows that the coefficient for gold in INR is 0.0003. The coefficient indicates
that for every additional Rupee in Gold you can expect USD to decreaseby an average of
0.0003 Rupees.
The blue fitted line graphically shows the same information. If you move left or right along
the x-axis by an amount that represents thousand rupees change in Gold price, the fitted
line falls by 0.0003 rupees.
If the fitted line was flat (a slope coefficient of zero), the expected value for USD would
not change no matter how far up and down the line you go.
y = -0.0003x + 76.404
R² = 0.1269
64.5
65
65.5
66
66.5
67
67.5
68
68.5
69
26000.00 27000.00 28000.00 29000.00 30000.00 31000.00 32000.00
USD-Gold
38. 38
REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF SILVER-USD
INTERPRETATION
X-Axis represents Silver Prices in INR.
Y-Axis represents USD prices in INR.
The equation shows that the coefficient for Silver in INR is 0.0002. The coefficient
indicates that for every additional Rupee in Silver you can expect USD to decrease by an
average of 0.0002 Rupees.
The blue fitted line graphically shows the same information. If you move left or right along
the x-axis by an amount that represents thousand rupees change in Silver price, the fitted
line falls by 0.0002 rupees.
If the fitted line was flat (a slope coefficient of zero), the expected value for USD would
not change no matter how far up and down the line you go.
y = -0.0002x + 74.276
R² = 0.0684
64.5
65
65.5
66
66.5
67
67.5
68
68.5
69
38000.00 39000.00 40000.00 41000.00 42000.00 43000.00 44000.00 45000.00 46000.00 47000.00
Silver-USD
39. 39
REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF SILVER-GOLD
INTERPRETATION
X-Axis represents Silver Prices in INR.
Y-Axis represents Gold prices in INR.
The equation shows that the coefficient for Silver in INR is 0.640. The coefficient indicates
that for every additional Rupee in Silver you can expect Gold to increase by an average of
0.640 Rupees.
The blue fitted line graphically shows the same information. If you move left or right along
the x-axis by an amount that represents thousand rupees change in Silver price, the fitted
line falls by 0.640 rupees.
If the fitted line was flat (a slope coefficient of zero), the expected value for Gold would
not change no matter how far up and down the line you go.
y = 0.6409x + 1810.6
R² = 0.8
26000.00
27000.00
28000.00
29000.00
30000.00
31000.00
32000.00
38000.00 39000.00 40000.00 41000.00 42000.00 43000.00 44000.00 45000.00 46000.00 47000.00
GOLD-SILVER
40. 40
Calculation of mean, SD, skewness and kurtosis on Gold Data
From the following table the mean value of the 6 months gold price came out to be
28940.59 which simply describes the average value of the data.
Value of SD or Standard deviation is 1029.922 by which the range is being calculated as
mean+-SD and it comes out to be 27910.67-29970.51 and nearly the difference between
the highest and the lowest value comes out to be 2059.84 which shows high deviation in
the data and this is because of the high prevailing prices of gold in the third quarter because
of rise in demand for gold due to the Indian festival “DHAN TERAS”.
Value of skewness is positive which indicates the graph will be positively skewed and more
of the values will lie on the right side of the graph.
Value of kurtosis is negative which shows the flatness of the graph and simply describes
the deviation in the data.
26000.00
27000.00
28000.00
29000.00
30000.00
31000.00
32000.00
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
GOLD
GOLD
Mean 28940.59
SD 1029.922
Range 27910.67 29970.51
Skewness 0.031449
Kurtosis -0.28806
41. 41
6.2 IMPACT OF GST ON GOLD
Before
GST(Rs)
After GST
rollout(Rs)
A Price of Gold(100gm) 995, in Rupees 263636 263636
B Custom Duty (10%) 26364 26364
C A+B 290000 290000
D Excise(1%) 2900 0
E C+D 292900 290000
F VAT(1.2%) 3515 0
G E+F 296415 290000
H GST(3%) 0 8700
I G+H 296415 298700
J Making Charges(12% of gold price+ customs) 34800 34800
K I+J 331215 333500
L GST on making charges(18%) 0 6264
Total price of Jewellery(K+L) 331215 339764
Total and Duties 32779 41328
Taxes and Duties as and of Gold value 12.43 15.68
Effective increase in Gold Jewellery prices
after GST Implementation 3.24 percentage points
42. 42
Interpretation
Reserve Bank of India holds a gold reserve of 557.77 tones, out of which 265.49 is held in the
safe custody with Bank of England and Bank of Settlement (BIS). Gold, Gold Jewellery will be
taxed 3% against the current effective price of 2%. The higher tax would make Jewellery
buying costlier, thus the move to levy the higher tax will benefit more to larger player in the
organized structure. The reason why jewelers are not restocking the gold because number of
jewelers have illegal stocks which they had to liquidate before the GST rolls out. It is said that
excise of 1 per cent paid on the stock is non-cenvatable. This is the reason why gold is available
at a discount in the local market.
The gold demand in India is 674 tones in 2016. Even if the GST rates fixed at a lower rate, the
gold demand in India will be range from 650- 750 tones.The current tax on gold is around 12 %
which includes customs duty, excise duty and VAT. The council is of the opinion that the GST
rate should be below that as it will bring about a behavioral change among the consumers.
Despite of the gold showing 15% growth in Q1. It is assumed that it will remain to grow in the
second quarter due to good Akshay Trithiya sales. Kerala has recommended 5% GST on gold.
The rate has not yet been decided for the exchange of old gold to new gold. If there will be a low
GST rate then it will bring down the prices and if it is high then industry may take more time to
adjust it.
43. 43
Chapter 7
Fundamental Facts
6.1 EFFECT OF SUBPRIME CRISES ON GOLD
Subprime crises are the crises which was started in 2008 and had affected the mortgage industry
because of the borrowers being approved for the loan which they can’t afford. Thus, a rise in
foreclosures led to the collapse of many lending institutions. These crises affected the global credit
market leading to higher interest rates as well as decreased the availability of credit. The Gold
prices started rose in 2009, but this stage of gold to rise was started in 2008. At the time Gold was
being sold as the investors sought to fund so as to shore up their losses from the other markets.
The above chart shows that the gold fell at $681 on 24. October 2008 and settle on $729.10 At
December 2008, the monetary policy meeting was held to stabilize the market as well as the
economy. First it voted to reduce the Federal funds target from 0%-0.25%, Second, they decided
to buy $600 billion in agency debt and agency mortgage backed securities.
Thus, it was a start to a big inflation period.
In this, Gold was traded above $1000 level whereas Comex Gold Futures settles at $1096.20 an
ounce on 31 December, 2009 a 24% rise from December 2008, where the price was $884.30
44. 44
6.2 IMPACT OF US NON- FARM EMPLOYMENT PAYROLL ON GOLD
Non farm payroll is connected to the people who are engaged in the activity other than farming. It
measures the change in the number of people employed in the previous month compared to the
current month. Higher payrolls leads to negative impact on precious metals (Gold and Silver)
while positive impact on base metals. On the other hand, lower payrolls leads to positive impact
on precious metals and a negative impact to base metals. affects the US dollar, the Foreign
exchange market, the bond market, and the stock market. The nonfarm payroll statistic is released
monthly, on the first Friday of the month, by the U.S.Bureau of Labor Statistics as part of the
Employment Situation Report on the state of the labour market.Nonfarm payrolls are also closely
watched by the Fed, as it is an indicator of how quick the economy is growing There is no clear
long-term relationship between the gold price and job gains. Employment statistics move the
price of gold in the short-term. Good news from the labor market is negative for the shiny metal.
In such a case, the price of gold tends to fall on the day when the Nonfarm Payroll Report comes
out.Spot gold had dropped 0.2 per cent to $1,262.95 per ounce by 0054 GMT. It has fallen0.3 per
cent for the week and could register its first weekly decline in four weeks. U.S. gold futures fell
0.4 per cent to $1,265.60 an ounce.
6.3 IMPACT OF FED INTEREST RATE HIKE ON GOLD
U.S central bank increase their quarter short term rates by 1- 1.25%. These interest rate hikes
will boost up the dollar and will also boost up the bond yields up which will lead put pressure on
gold price. Thus this interest rate hike would make it less attractive to hold non- yielding bullion,
while dollar boosting up.
45. 45
Chapter 8
Technical Analysis
TECHNICAL ANALYSIS
STOCHASTIC OSCILLATOR
The stochastic oscillator is a momentum indicator that compares the closing price of a security to
the range of its prices over a certain period of time. The sensitivity of the oscillator to market
movements is reducible by adjustment of the time period or by taking a average by moving
average method of the result.
Blue line= K%
Red line= R%
If blue line cuts the red line from below it indicates the upward trend in the price. But if the red
line cuts the blue line towards down it will be showing the downward trend in the price in the near
future.
46. 46
RSI (RELATIVE STRENGTH INDEX)
The relative strength index (RSI) is a technical indicator used to analyze the financial markets.
It is used to figure out the current and historical strength or weakness of a stock or the closing
prices of a recent trading period.
The RSI is classified as a momentum oscillator because it is used to measure the velocity and
magnitude of directional price movements where, Momentum is the rate at which the price rise or
fall.
The RSI is mostly used on a 14-day timeframe, with the measurement scale of range 0 to 100, with
high and low levels marked at 70 and 30 respectively. Shorter or longer timeframes are used for
alternately shorter or longer predictions according to a person’s need. Extreme high and low
levels—80 and 20, or 90 and 10—occur less frequently indicating the stronger momentum.
47. 47
MOVING AVERAGE – MA
A widely used indicator in technical analysis because it helps to smooth out the price action by
filtering out the “noise” from uneven price fluctuations. A moving average (MA) is a trend-
following indicator as it is based on past prices.
The two basic and commonly used MAs are:
1) the simple moving average (SMA), and
2) the Exponential Moving Average (EMA).
48. 48
TREND ANALYSIS
Source*investing.com
INTERPRETATION
Moving Average: The moving average line is showing the downward trend as the line is above
the candles and is moving downwards. This shows the downward prediction in the gold trend.
Stochastic: Blue line shows the K% whereas red line shows the R%. Since both the lines are
moving downwards this also shows the downward trend but until the blue line cuts the red line and
moves upward. Also this trend is showing the over selling situation as this is below the 20. We
will be making strategies at this point and will buy once the line again cuts the 20 level from below
and starts rising.
RSI: Although RSI trend line is also showing the downward trend but there is no over selling or
over buying of the commodity.
By these three we can only predict the downward trend in this commodity.
49. 49
PATTERNS
CONSOLIDATION
Consolidation is used in technical analysis to describe the movement of a stock's price within a
defined range of price. Consolidation is generally regarded as a period where decision cannot be
taken, which starts and ends when the price of the asset moves above or below the prices in the
definite pattern. Consolidation pattern is also defined as a set of financial statements that
represents a parent company and a subsidiary company as one.
Source*Ticker plant software
Target Amount= Highest price-lowest price (in the consolidation range)
Stop loss= Target Amount/2
50. 50
DOUBLE BOTTOM
A double bottom is a charting pattern which used in technical analysis. It is used to describe the
drop of a stock or index, another drop to the similar level as the previous drop, and finally the
other bound. The double bottom looks like the alphabet "W". The lower touch is marked as the
support level.
Source*tradingview.com
Target Amount= Price at Resistance – Price at support
Stop Loss= Support Price
For instance: In the above figure we can calculate the target amount and stop loss as:
Target amount=81538.4 - 80948.7= 589.7
Stop loss = 80948.7
With this we can say that we can get a maximum profit of the target amount i.e. Rs.589.7 and will
sell the stock when the price will reach Rs. 80948.7 i.e. we will not bear the loss more than stop
loss.
51. 51
Rectangle
Source*tradingview.com
Interpretation
Where, target amount = upper range of rectangle – lower range of rectangle
Stop loss= target amount/2
It can indicate both bearish and bullish trend depending on the breakout of the pattern. In this figure
it is showing the bearish trend as the break out is when the prices are following the downturn.
For instance: upper range of rectangle is indicating the price i.e. $1697.74 and
The lower range is $1632.78.
Target amount = 1697.74 – 1632.78 = 64.96
Stop loss = 32.48
Here we will not bear the loss of more than $ 32.48 and will set the target up so that we can earn
the profit of $ 64.96.
52. 52
STRATEGIES
Buy strategy using MACD
Source*investing.com
Profit booking within 3 hours.
Since the blue line i.e. slow line is intersecting the red line i.e. fast line from below therefore we
have created the buy strategy at this point.
Opening price: 29064
Closing price: 29411
300-350 points cover
Stop loss = 138.80 (40% of points cover)
Where, Blue line is slow line as it is showing the trend for 20 days
And red line is representing the fast line as it is showing the trend for 9 days.
53. 53
Sell strategy using MACD
Source*investing.com
Profit booking within 3 hours.
Since the red line i.e. fast line is cutting the blue line i.e. slow line and is moving up therefore we
have created the sell strategy at this point.
Opening price: 28978
Closing price: 28908
60-80 points cover
Stop loss = 28 (40% of points cover)
Where, Blue line is slow line as it is showing the trend for 20 days
And red line is representing the fast line as it is showing the trend for 9 days.
54. 54
Buy strategy using MACD
Source*investing.com
Profit booking within 3 hrs. (45 mins)
Since the blue line i.e. slow line is intersecting the red line i.e. fast line from below therefore we
have created the buy strategy at this point.
Opening price: 28544
Closing price: 28688
140-150 points cover
Stop loss = 57.6 (40% of points cover)
Where, Blue line is slow line as it is showing the trend for 20 days
And red line is representing the fast line as it is showing the trend for 9 days.
55. 55
Sell strategy using MACD
Source*investing.com
Profit booking within 3 hrs. (45 mins)
Since the red line i.e. fast line is cutting the blue line i.e. slow line and is moving up therefore we
have created the sell strategy at this point.
Opening price: 28596
Closing price: 28525
65-75 points cover
Stop loss = 28.4 (40% of points cover)
Where, Blue line is slow line as it is showing the trend for 20 days
And red line is representing the fast line as it is showing the trend for 9 days.
56. 56
Buy strategy using MACD
Source*investing.com
Profit booking within 3 hrs. (60 mins)
Since the blue line i.e. slow line is intersecting the red line i.e. fast line from below therefore we
have created the buy strategy at this point.
Opening price: 28710
Closing price: 28771
55-65 points cover
Stop loss = 24.4 (40% of points cover)
Where, Blue line is slow line as it is showing the trend for 20 days
And red line is representing the fast line as it is showing the trend for 9 days.
57. 57
Sell strategy using MACD
Source*investing.com
Profit booking within 3 hours. (60 mins)
Since the red line i.e. fast line is cutting the blue line i.e. slow line and is moving up therefore we
have created the sell strategy at this point.
Opening price: 28765
Closing price: 28713
50-60 points cover
Stop loss = 20.8 (40% of points cover)
Where, Blue line is slow line as it is showing the trend for 20 days
And red line is representing the fast line as it is showing the trend for 9 days.
58. 58
Chapter 9
Findings, Recommendations and Conclusion
FINDINGS
Present project has been undertaken to find out the relationship between Gold and Dollar, Silver
and Gold. It has been found out by calculating the previous prices of Gold and Dollar.
Correlation
Negative Correlation between Gold- USD (-0.356278)
When the values of the correlation change in the opposite direction, there is a negative correlation.
Both the prices are moving in an opposite direction i.e. when gold price is decreasing USD is
increasing and vice versa. There is a negative correlation between Gold and USD prices.
Positive Correlation between Gold- Silver (0.8944292)
When the values of the correlation change in the same direction, there is a positive correlation.
Both the prices are moving in an same direction i.e. when gold price is increasing silver prices
also increasing and vice versa. There is a negative correlation between Gold and Silver prices.
Regression
Regression 0.8 gold – silver
This indicates that Gold is 80% dependent on silver prices. So, there is a relationship between
Gold and Silver prices.
59. 59
Regression 0.1269 gold- usd
This indicates that there is less dependency of Gold on dollar prices. So, there is negative, inelastic
relationship between Gold and USD prices.
Standard Deviation(1029.922)
It has been find out that in the span of October 2016- March 2017 there is a high volatility in the
movement of Gold prices due to event took place such as AKSHAYTRITIYA. Therefore, the
standard deviation is positive.
RECOMMENDATIONS
There are five ways of investment in Gold i.e. Jewellery, Investment in terms of bars and coins,
Technology, ETFs and Through central banks and other institutions. Investors can divide their
investment in gold in different segments which means Investors should invest in Gold in partial
terms.
Investors not to buy Gold in bulk quantity, it is recommended to buy in small quantities as this
will not trouble the investors when the prices go down. Also, all the investment should not be made
at a single price and should be invested a little amount at one time. The investors should first
analyze the trend of the Gold and then place an order. It is also recommended to avoid investing
in physical Gold terms buy ETFs and Gold bonds.
Gold is one of the best source of investment, as investors should invest when the market is too
risky.
60. 60
CONCLUSION
Gold is considered to be the saving instrument in India and it is used very often to hedge against
the inflation, Geopolitical and economic conditions and it is expected that the gold is considered
to be an alternative asset for holding the idle money for speculative purposes.
But the another aspect to the study is that there is a risk involved in investing in Gold. It is better
to analyze the risk before investing in Gold.
Therefore, I conclude that we should invest in gold by analyzing the past trends and checking the
technical aspects as well as the fundamental aspects. From the study I conclude that the investor
should invest in gold to gain short term profit.
Limitations of the study
The analysis of the investment is mainly based on the historical data
The analysis done does not give guarantee of what happened in the past will also continue
in future
The findings/fundamental facts may be useful for the investors, but their investment
decisions mainly depend on their level of expectation and will be based on the future
performance of the market.
61. 61
BIBLIOGRAPHY
WEBSITES
1. www.investing.com
2. www.mcxindia.com
3. www.nseindia.com
4. www.bseindia.com
5. www.ncdex.com
6. in.reuters.com
7. www.bloomberg.com
8. www.economictimes.indiatimes.com
9. commerce.nic.in
10. www.tradingview.com
11.www.google.com
12. www.gold.org
REFERENCES
Patel Gaurav, (July 3,2016), Commodity Market: With Special Reference to Gold and
Silver, retrieved june 5,2017 , from https://scholar.google.co.in/scholar.
Prakash p. and Sundar Rajan S., (August 1st
2014), An Emperical Analysis on the
Relationship between Gold and Silver with Special Reference to the National Level
commodity exchanges, India, retrieved june 10th
2010, from
https://scholar.google.co.in/scholar.
62. 62
Annexure
Work Done In The Company
CALCULATION OF RETURNS OF NIFTY FIFTY
NIFTY 51 RETURNS
S.No. 2014-2015 2015-2016 2016-2017 3 Year
Automobile
1 Bajaj Auto -3.215588405 19.30724983 16.60467 34.64437
2 Bosch 133.3871938 -18.23998332 9.46258 1.088737
3 Eicher Motor 166.8481087 20.57090234 0.33403 329.2124
4 Hero Motocop 16.04536663 11.58799909 13.978 29.40258
5 Mahindra & Mahindra 21.11756908 1.927933996 6.29388 0.312226
6 Maruti Suzuki 87.51616584 0.512529244 61.87337 206.9202
7 Tata Motors 38.01580334 -29.73464195 20.49922 0.168569
8 Tata Motors (DVR) 63.80928854 -13.02970894 -2.150165 0.394022
Energy
9 Gail 0.82424887 -8.356904088 6.214689 -0.02659
10 ONGC -5 -35.28963415 -13.75291 -42.3676
11 NTPC 901.6556291 -12.25740552 28.98213 37.41722
12 BPCL 76.47058824 11.60493827 -27.88889 41.39434
13 Indian Oil Corporation 31.42857143 6.288032454 -2.025316 38.21429
14 Reliance Industries -11.75213675 26.68202206 27.04524 41.02564
15 Tata Power -9.294117647 -16.03896104 45.3125 9.411765
16 Power Grid 38.33333333 -4.137931034 40.91559 87.61905
Banking
17 Yes Bank 9706.486% 6.043518235 0.788047 2.736562
18 State Bank of India -0.860744642 -0.272608126 0.510425 -0.847
19 Indusland Bank 0.765467769 0.092099323 0.472871 1.839793
20 Kotak Mohindra Bank 0.681390436 -0.481705692 0.281422 0.116702
21 HDFC Bank 36.57852564 4.737459666 34.67301 92.64824
22 Bank of Baroda -77.00% -0.12 0.12 -0.7652