Presentation on functional planning of buildings and everything about it.

3. For good designing and planning of buildings, the site
selection of the building is the most important. The
following general principles should be kept in mind while
selecting a site for a building:

4. • The purpose of the building and extent of privacy.
• The site should be located in fully developed or fast
developing locality.
• The site should be located in such a way that community
services like police, and fore protection, clearing of
waste, and street clearing, utility services like water-
supply, electricity drainage, etc., amities like school,
hospital, market, cinema, bank, etc., shopping facilities
and , means of transport are also available within short
distance.
• Before selecting a site one must study the bye-laws of
the local authority, so that we are ware of restrictions
regarding proportion of plot to be built up, open spaces
and margins to be left in front and sides, height of
buildings etc.

5. • Area of plot should be such that the building constructed
on it meets the requirement of owner, after following the
certain restrictions of local authority.
• Shape of plot should be irregular or not having proper
side corners.
• The site should be situated on elevated place and also
levelled with uniform slopes from one end to other to
provide good and quick drainage of rain water.
• Soil of site should be good enough with high safe bearing
capacity to provide economical foundations.
• Site should be situated in a beautiful and healthy
environment.

13. The site plan is layout showing location
of the area belonging to the building or
property under consideration. It should
be prepared before construction of the
building and should include the
following details:

15. • The shape of the plot and the boundary of the plot with all
the exterior dimensions.
• Setback line at the front, back and sides.
• Any permanent boundaries or marks if any existing on
site.
• Type of existing street or road along with its name and
width should be indicated.
• Grade elevation at the centre line should also be
indicated. Grade elevations at the corners of the plot and
at the corners of the house should be indicated by means
if contour.
• Size and location of detached garage or toilet block if
any.
• North line and wind direction should be indicated clearly.

16. • Width and type of footpaths, if any.
• Zoning and restrictions for the building should be
mentioned.
• Size, location, type and details of gas line, underground
drainage line, man-holes, connection to public sewer,
water mains, ventilation pipes, electric cable lines, etc.,
should be indicated clearly.

17. • A bye-law is a local law framed by local subordinate
authority.
• A bye-law consists of some rules and regulations to be
followed for to achieve great minimum comfort.

18. • An order prescribed is known as the regulation.

19. • It becomes easier to pre plan the building activities and
provisions of bye laws give guidelines to the designing
architect or engineer.
• The building bye-laws prevent haphazard development
without any resemblance to the development of the area
as a whole.
• The provision of the building bye-laws usually afford
safety to the human beings who work and live in them
against fire, noise, health hazard and structural failure.

20. • Set-back or building line.
• Floor space index or built up area.
• Open space requirements around the building.
• Size of rooms.
• Height of rooms and buildings.
• Lighting and ventilation of rooms.
• Water supply and sanitary provisions.
• Structural design or sizes and sections.