- A vehicle collision simulation was conducted using LS-Dyna to analyze the vehicle's response to a 10m/s frontal collision with a rigid barrier. - The vehicle model included significant interior components like the seat, steering, and a dummy model. The seat was constrained to move with the vehicle. - The simulation showed the vehicle's kinetic energy decreasing and internal energy increasing as the vehicle absorbed the impact energy through deformation. Dummy motion and stresses/displacements were within acceptable limits. - Underbody structure reinforcement was suggested to better distribute loads and prevent engine intrusion into the passenger compartment under heavy impact loads.

1. Siddhesh Ozarkar- fr8695
Yogesh Tupe - fx3474

5. • Element and mesh cleanup tools used in Hypermesh to generate a file that can be
prepared for analysis in LS-Dyna.
• The vehicle was provided with a velocity of 10m/s and was made to collide with a
rigid barrier.
Meshed vehicle model
Crumble zone of vehicle crushed
successfully with kinetic energy
absorption.
Reduction of Kinetic Energy
The deformed model shows the deformation of the frontal body structure of
the vehicle
The flow of stresses indicates that the frontal structure is sustaining the
impact damage for the give period of time.

6. The steering and seat components were connected to the vehicle using the
beam elements.
A rigid body spider or (chicken feet) were used to transfer the motion of
the components like steering during the crash.
Element Spider generation for load transfer.
SuccessfulAirbag Deployment.
Vehicle Body Crushing with seat motion
along the vehicle.

7. • A successful run of full vehicle model with all significant components was achieved.
• The seat was positioned in such a way that the dummy will not be interfering with any of the vehicle
components but the seat and steering.
• The seat was constrained to move along with the vehicle using beam elements attached to the floor
of the vehicle.
Kinetic energy of the vehicle
Internal energy of the vehicle
• The kinetic energy of the vehicle decreases as the energy is absorbed by the structure, rebound and
residual velocity of rotation.
• The internal energy of the car is seen to be increasing. This proves that the law of conservation of
momentum is followed in this collision.
Resultant Displacement of the vehicle

8. • Resultant Deformation
• Resultant Stresses
• Impact Initiation and Airbag Deployment
• Full Airbag Deployment
• Vehicle Collision

9. Parameter Value
Internal Energy 98 MJ (at the end of impact)
Kinetic Energy 170kJ
Total Energy 210 kJ
Velocity of the vehicle
Total energy of the vehicleResultant force at rigid wall
Contact initiation
Peak reaction force
Crumple structure contacts
the rigid wall
Velocity Starts to decreases
Drop in velocity due to Heavy
Engine impact with wall

10. Angle Value (degree)
A 110
B 30
C 15
D 160 (ACCORDING TO GIVEN DIMENTIONING)
E 10
A
B
C
D
E
Dummy Rotated by 10 degree
During final positioning

11. A preliminary sled model was created so as to test the integrity
and contact definition of the dummy with seat, steering and other
essential components of the vehicle interiors.
Sledge Model Seat Structure
Dummy PositioningSteering Placement
Dummy Impact Initiated
Head Displacement
Abdominal Displacement
Feet Displacement
Knee Joint Angular Deflection

12. No Seat Penetration
No Floor Penetration
• Contact treatment forms an integral part of many large-
deformation problems. Accurate modeling of contact interfaces
between bodies is crucial to the prediction capability of the finite
element simulations.
• A contact is defined by identifying (parts, part sets, and/or node
sets) what locations are to be checked for potential penetration of a
slave node through a master segment.
• Simple surface to surface contacts were defined in the model to
observe the penetration.
• No penetration was observed in the model , this means that the
contacts defined for penalty method have been sufficiently applied
the resisting force and thus enabling to measure the stresses and
deformations.

13. Impact Initiated
Internal Energy
Kinetic Energy
Total Energy
The kinetic energy of the system decreases and an
increase in internal energy of the vehicle is observed.

14. Acceleration StressesDisplacement
Initial
First Contact
Full Impact

15. Dummy Part Deflection (mm)
Head Deflection 252
Chest and Abdomen 266
Feet 242
Knee Joint 232

16. Dummy InVehicle Before Crash
Airbag Deployment after Impact Initiation
Full Impact
• Dummy interacts with the vehicle interior without interference
With any of the vehicle interiors.
• Airbag is successfully deployed after impact and supports the
dummy from smashing into the Steering wheel.

17. Internal Energy
Kinetic Energy
Total Energy
Impact
Hourglass Energy

18. Impact Initiated
Full Impact
Dummy Rebound Response

20. Vehicle Under Body Structure
Engine Bay Understructure
• During the analysis we
observed the member A gets
crushed and the load is
transferred to the engine
block.
• Engine block enters the Driver
Compartment.
• The Lower Rails were not
completely utilized during the
absorption od the impact.
Member Designation
Bumper Rail A
Lower Rail B
Dash Rail C
Underbody Rail D
Rear Body Rail E
A
B
C
D
D
E

21. Reinforcing Member
**Reinforcing Member notVisible In the above Model (Zoom Required)

22. Improved Underbody StructureOriginal Underbody Structure
Max. Disp. = 1150mm
Max. Disp. = 721mm