1) Researchers discovered a new class of DNA regions called early replicating fragile sites (ERFSs) that are prone to damage during cell division. 2) ERFSs overlap significantly with DNA alterations found in B cell lymphoma, suggesting they contribute to mutations in this cancer. 3) Understanding how these fragile sites lead to DNA breaks could enable better treatments for cancers like B cell lymphoma.

1. DISCOVERY OF NEW CLASS OF DAMAGE-
PRONE DNA REGIONS COULD LEAD TO
BETTER CANCER TREATMENTS AND A NEW
MECHANISM THAT CONTRIBUTES TO
EVOLUTION OF CANCER
Ángela Maria Aragon Canencio
Medicine Student -III Semester.
Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana
Molecular Biology- february 18 2013

2. MEDICAL UTILITY BIBLIOGRAPHY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
MARTINEZ S, Lina Maria. Biología DISCOVERY OF NEW CLASS
Molecular. 5 ed Medellin: UPB OF DAMAGE-PRONE DNA
Fac. Medicina REGIONS COULD LEAD TO
BETTER CANCER
Discovery of New Class of TREATMENTS AND A NEW
Damage-Prone DNA Regions MECHANISM THAT
Could Lead to Better Cancer CONTRIBUTES TO
Treatments, Science daily. EVOLUTION OF CANCER
( jan 24 2013)
The findings could lead A New Mechanism That
to the development of Contributes to the Evolution of
more effective Cancer, science daily.
(jan 31 2013)
treatments for B cell
lymphoma, know Ángela Maria Aragon
Canencio
better the causes of Medicine Student -III
cancer, allow the Semester.
Universidad Pontificia
creation of news Bolivariana
treatments for these Molecular Biology-
february 18 2013

3. DISCOVERY OF NEW CLASS A NEW MECHANISM
INTRODUCTION
OF DAMAGE-PRONE DNA THAT CONTRIBUTES TO
REGIONS COULD LEAD TO EVOLUTION OF CANCER
BETTER CANCER
The fragile sites are regions of
chromosome likely to break or TREATMENTS
separate by certain cell activities
like replication and division.
Consist of repeated sequences
when DNA is replicated in cell Cancer arises from the
of CGG. division can take damage in
accumulation of mutations
places that are known as
and structural changes in
fragile sites for double-strand
break chromosomes , this tend
to lose or duplicate entire
regions
Cancer is a DNA damage disease
associated with replication. Also
accumulation of mutations and B cells divide rapidly and so
structural changes in are at greater risk, in this
chromosomes. Is for that reason
tthat the study of fragile sites study described their
provides to the understanding of instability
cancer and the possibility of
better treatment

4. INTRODUCTION Cancer becomes in a public health
The fragile sites are regions of
problem due to of its high incidence
chromosome likely to break or in recent years. The increase was
separate by certain cell activities
like replication and division. influenced by environmental factors,
Consist of repeated
genetic and lifestyle. Therefore the
sequences of CGG.
need was created by the scientific
community to find an effective
treatment, thus decreasing possible
side effects of treatments allowing
better quality of life for these
patients
Cancer is a DNA damage disease
associated with replication. Also
accumulation of mutations and
structural changes in
chromosomes. Is for that reason
that the study of fragile sites
provides to the understanding of
cancer and the possibility of
better treatment

5. DISCOVERY OF NEW CLASS DISCOVERY OF NEW CLASS OF DAMAGE-PRONE
OF DAMAGE-PRONE DNA DNA REGIONS COULD LEAD TO BETTER CANCER
REGIONS COULD LEAD TO
BETTER CANCER TREATMENTS TREATMENTS
when DNA is replicated in cell
division can take damage in
places that are known as
fragile sites for double-strand
break
B cells are leukocytes which depends
B cells divide rapidly and so
are at greater risk, in this
mediated immunity with antibodies
study described their specific activity of antigen binding.
instability

6. DISCOVERY OF NEW CLASS OF DAMAGE-PRONE DNA REGIONS COULD LEAD TO
BETTER CANCER TREATMENTS
a somatic cell of the
body undergoes a
division called mitosis
and it results in two
haploid daughter
cells, this process has
four steps are:
prophase, metaphase, a
naphase and telophase
and result is the
cells called B cell lymphocytes are among development of the
the most rapidly dividing cells, they are at organism
great risk for replication-induced DNA
damage.

7. DISCOVERY OF NEW CLASS OF DAMAGE-PRONE
DNA REGIONS COULD LEAD TO BETTER CANCER
TREATMENTS
FRAGILES SITES
The fragile sites are specific
loci that show fractures
during karuoyping perform
under specific, the fragiles
sites have provided insight
into understanding of the
effects of replicative stress on
DNA damage and genomic
instability in cancer cells.

8. DISCOVERY OF NEW CLASS OF DAMAGE-PRONE
DNA REGIONS COULD LEAD TO BETTER CANCER
TREATMENTS
In this study the
team uncovered an AID-
independent source of DNA
breaks associated with
replication called early
replicating fragile sites (ERFSs).
these sites overlapped
significantly with DNA
alterations associated with B
cell lymphoma, suggesting that
ERFSs are a major feature of
the mutational landscape of
this type of cancer and possibly
other cancers.

9. OBSERVATION
I think that this is so
importan because
undertand how
replication hanppen
in the B cells we will
do more specific
treatment

10. A NEW MECHANISM THAT A NEW MECHANISM THAT CONTRIBUTES
CONTRIBUTES TO TO EVOLUTION OF CANCER
EVOLUTION OF CANCER
Cancer arises from the Cancer is a disease caused by a group
accumulation of of cells that grow and multiply
mutations and uncontrollably autonomously,
structural changes in invading other tissues locally and
chromosomes , this remotely.
tend to lose or duplicate
entire regions

11. Cancer occurs after the appearance
of mutations and chromosome
changes, lost or duplicated
chromosomes entire regions
the cancer cells are not divide as
normal cells of the body, these cells
can produce up to 5 daughters, the
different process of this division
causes the daughters have more or
fewer chromosomes than a normal
one leading to aneuploidy
A NEW MECHANISM THAT CONTRIBUTES
TO EVOLUTION OF CANCER

12. A NEW MECHANISM THAT CONTRIBUTES TO
EVOLUTION OF CANCER
It was thought that
the problems
originated in parts
difficult to
duplicate but this
study found that
areas that replicate
quickly also are
prone

13. A NEW MECHANISM THAT CONTRIBUTES TO
EVOLUTION OF CANCER
"In these cases, the
collision between the
two machineries, the
duplication machine
and the transcription
machine, can be
responsible for
generating
chromosomal
alterations that are
deadly for cells," says
ndez‐Capetillo

14. OBSERVATION
The importance of this research is
the knowlodge of the mechanisms
that explain the cromosomal
alteration furthemore the study
help us to understand the changes
in the genome throughout
evolution.

15. MEDICAL UTILITY
with this new knowledge about
cancer, you can make new and
better treatments to treat and
prevent so many deaths from
this disease.
The findings could lead to
the development of more
effective treatments for B
cell lymphoma, know better
the causes of cancer, allow
the creation of news
treatments for these
desease.
MEDICAL UTILITY

16. MEDICAL UTILITY
how advanced the how is the chromosome
disease division
according to this
what is the right in what time should be
treatment applied

17. MEDICAL UTILITY
is very important for science
continue investigating causes
of this disease, as this not
only affects the person
suffering but also his entire
family circle and bring this
allows for a better way, just
because you can explain it
better the patient is
happening inside.

18. MEDICAL UTILITY
knowing that fragile
sites are easily
damaged in the
division and that
cancer is a disease
that occurs when
there is
accumulation of
mutations may start
thinking that
decreasing fragile
sites can reach
decreser disease

19. BIBLIOGRAPHY
•MARTINEZ S, Lina Maria. Biología Molecular. 5 ed
Medellin: UPB Fac. Medicina
•Discovery of New Class of Damage-Prone DNA
Regions Could Lead to Better Cancer Treatments,
Science daily.
( jan 24 2013)
•A New Mechanism That Contributes to the
Evolution of Cancer, science daily.
(jan 31 2013)