Ravi Bhaliya's document summarizes Gothic literature elements found in Mary Shelley's Frankenstein. It discusses Gothic conventions like dark settings, extreme landscapes, death, madness, and heroines in distress. It also analyzes specific elements in Frankenstein, including the mysterious circumstances around Victor Frankenstein's creation of the monster, the novel's use of dark settings and weather to convey a sense of wrongdoing, and how Victor's obsession with knowledge leads to his downfall. The document examines how Frankenstein was influenced by scientific theories of its time and depicts one of the first embodiments of using science to create life.

1. Name : Ravi Bhaliya
Roll No : 24
M.A : Sem -2
Paper : (5) Romantic Literature
Enrolment No : Pg 14101004
Submitted To : S.B Gardi
Department of English
Maharaja
Krishnakumarsinhji
Bhavnagar University

2. Gothic fiction, which is largely dominated by the
subgenre of Gothic horror, is a genre or mode
of literature that combines fiction, horror and
Romanticism. Its origin is attributed to English
author Horace Walpole, with his 1764 novel The
Castle of Otranto.

3. Horace Walpole
Medieval Romance and Modern Novel
Clara Reeve
Balanced with 18th Century Realism
Ann Radcliff
Supernatural - Natural
Gothic villain

4. Baron Stoker
Marry Shelley
Romantics
Edgar Allen poe

5. Setting in a castle
The action takes place in and around an old castle,
sometimes seemingly abandoned, sometimes occupied.
The castle often contains secret passages, trap doors,
secret rooms, trick panels with hidden levers, dark or
hidden staircases, and possibly ruined sections.
An atmosphere of mystery and suspense.
The work is pervaded by a threatening feeling, a fear
enhanced by the unknown.

6. High, even overwrought emotion.
The narration may be highly sentimental, and the
characters are often overcome by anger, sorrow, surprise,
and especially, terror. Characters suffer from raw nerves
and a feeling of impending doom. Crying and emotional
speeches are frequent.
Women in distress.
As an appeal to the pathos and sympathy of the reader, the
female characters often face events that leave them
fainting, terrified, screaming, and/or sobbing. A lonely,
pensive, and oppressed heroine is often the central figure of
the novel, so her sufferings are even more pronounced and
the focus of attention.

7. Women threatened by a powerful, impulsive,
tyrannical male.
One or more male characters has the power, as king, lord
of the manor, father, or guardian, to demand that one or
more of the female characters do something intolerable.
The metonymy of gloom and horror.
Metonymy is a subtype of metaphor, in which something
(like rain) is used to stand for something else (like
sorrow). For example, the film industry likes to use
metonymy as a quick shorthand, so we often notice that
it is raining in funeral scenes. Note that the following
metonymies for "doom and gloom" all suggest some
element of mystery, danger, or the supernatural.

9. In Frankenstein, Shelley uses mysterious circumstances
to have Victor Frankenstein Create the Monster ;
cloudy circumstances under which victor gathers body
parts for his Experiments.

10. Dark Settings -
There are lots of dark settings in Frankenstein. When the
monster is created, Frankenstein describes how it was a,
black and comfortless sky' Massive pathetic fallacy is used
here to make clear that what Frankenstein has done is
wrong.
Extreme Landscapes and Weather-
The start of the novel has the setting as the North Pole: a
strange unknown and weird area that is a place God could
potentially be.The remote setting of the North Pole creates
a isolated and mysterious mood,

11. Death, and Madness :
The monster cannot be loved because of his ugly
appearance which is Victor's fault. Therefore, the monster
destroys the people that love Victor so that Victor feels the
same as the monster: loneliness
Heroine with the Tendency to Faint and Need to be
Rescued:
Although the women are stereotyped in the novel as powerless,
it is Frankenstein that it closest to being that of Heroine.

12. Hero whose True Identity is Revealed at the End :
'how dangerous is the acquirement of knowledge‘, After
Frankenstein's past experience, he is warnings Walton about
transgression. He has learnt from his mistakes.
Evil Deeds Leading to the Downfall of a Character:
'thirst for knowledge‘, This can be seen to be Frankenstein's
main downfall: his obsession for transgression was what made
him make the monster.
•
Suspense:
The scream is Elizabeth who has been attacked by the
monster. But, because the attack was only heard by sound
but not directly seen by Victor, suspense is created to if
Elizabeth is dead or alive.

13. Suspense:
The scream is Elizabeth who has been attacked by the
monster. But, because the attack was only heard by sound
but not directly seen by Victor, suspense is created to if
Elizabeth is dead or alive.

14. The Latest Scientific Theories of Chemistry and electricity
influenced Marry Shelley
The Protagonist of
Frankenstein
Is the first embodiment
of theme Science
He creates a
human being
though the use
of electricity
and chemistry

16. Thank You