1. The document describes the design and construction of a pneumatic material handling system prototype. Key components include double acting cylinders, 5/2 directional control valves, and hoses connected to an air supply.
2. The system uses one vertical cylinder to lift a test load and one horizontal cylinder to push the load into a container. A circuit diagram and photos show the system working sequentially.
3. Potential enhancements are identified, such as automating the process with additional valves and cushioning the impact when loads are pushed. The objectives and limitations of automated material handling systems are also reviewed.
All kinds of manufacturing industries and processes need different kinds of pneumatic conveying systems and we at Pneucon are proud to have the best and the widest range of these systems.
All kinds of manufacturing industries and processes need different kinds of pneumatic conveying systems and we at Pneucon are proud to have the best and the widest range of these systems.
Presentación acerca de los discos duros o DD; como están conformados, sus características, tipos de discos duros, y como han evolucionado con el paso de los años.
Most small scale industries rely on human effort for transporting raw materials from one stage of
processing to another thereby reducing the overall system performance. The work discusses the development of a
belt conveyor system for small scale industry. The conveyor is of height 0.75 m at 0o angle of inclination, 35o
troughing angle and a surcharge angle of 25o. It also consist of a belt whose width is 410 mm, length 2.4 m and a
basic length 4.54 m. The conveyor has an average capacity of 43.75 tonnes/hr. The evaluation of the conveyor
was carried out by conveying 12 packs of bottled water of different weights across a distance of 2 m at a different
speeds ranging from of 200-400 rpm. Results obtained indicated that the time of conveying the materials
increases with increase in weight of the bottled water. The successful completion of this work provides a
conveyor system which will aid the movement of material from one place to another with little or no human
intervention. This will help the industry in reducing cost in acquiring labour that will be used in material
movement thereby reducing cost of production.
At a basic level, material handling is primarily concerned with the storage and movement of material(in various forms) in / through production and service systems such as factories, warehouses, distribution centers, cross-docks, container terminals, airports, hospitals, and similar mission-oriented facilities. Although the physical movement of material is perhaps the most visible aspect of material handling, as suggested by the following ‘‘right definition,’’ material handling goes beyond that. Material handling is ‘‘providing the right amount of the right material, in the right condition, at the right place, at the right time, in the right position, in the right sequence, and for the right cost, by using the right method. Note that using the ‘‘right method(s)’’ includes safety and ergonomic considerations, especially when humans are involved directly or indirectly in the handling system. With the current emphasis being placed on ergonomics, material-handling issues have been given a new importance. This is because it takes equipment and/or modified methods to provide for proper ergonomics in any human-process relationship. This is true in manufacturing, logistics, distribution, and any other process where products or materials have to be placed, assembled, or moved. Material-handling challenges provide an excellent opportunity for an industrial engineer to access and use a set of tools that allow for the development of a new material-handling system or an improvement in an existing system.
Presentación acerca de los discos duros o DD; como están conformados, sus características, tipos de discos duros, y como han evolucionado con el paso de los años.
Most small scale industries rely on human effort for transporting raw materials from one stage of
processing to another thereby reducing the overall system performance. The work discusses the development of a
belt conveyor system for small scale industry. The conveyor is of height 0.75 m at 0o angle of inclination, 35o
troughing angle and a surcharge angle of 25o. It also consist of a belt whose width is 410 mm, length 2.4 m and a
basic length 4.54 m. The conveyor has an average capacity of 43.75 tonnes/hr. The evaluation of the conveyor
was carried out by conveying 12 packs of bottled water of different weights across a distance of 2 m at a different
speeds ranging from of 200-400 rpm. Results obtained indicated that the time of conveying the materials
increases with increase in weight of the bottled water. The successful completion of this work provides a
conveyor system which will aid the movement of material from one place to another with little or no human
intervention. This will help the industry in reducing cost in acquiring labour that will be used in material
movement thereby reducing cost of production.
At a basic level, material handling is primarily concerned with the storage and movement of material(in various forms) in / through production and service systems such as factories, warehouses, distribution centers, cross-docks, container terminals, airports, hospitals, and similar mission-oriented facilities. Although the physical movement of material is perhaps the most visible aspect of material handling, as suggested by the following ‘‘right definition,’’ material handling goes beyond that. Material handling is ‘‘providing the right amount of the right material, in the right condition, at the right place, at the right time, in the right position, in the right sequence, and for the right cost, by using the right method. Note that using the ‘‘right method(s)’’ includes safety and ergonomic considerations, especially when humans are involved directly or indirectly in the handling system. With the current emphasis being placed on ergonomics, material-handling issues have been given a new importance. This is because it takes equipment and/or modified methods to provide for proper ergonomics in any human-process relationship. This is true in manufacturing, logistics, distribution, and any other process where products or materials have to be placed, assembled, or moved. Material-handling challenges provide an excellent opportunity for an industrial engineer to access and use a set of tools that allow for the development of a new material-handling system or an improvement in an existing system.
Conveyor System- A backbone of industrial operations.pdfRDRTAICHI1
A conveyor system is indeed considered the backbone of many industrial operations, playing a vital role in the efficient movement of materials, products, and goods within a manufacturing or distribution facility. Here are some reasons why conveyor systems are regarded as essential components in industrial settings:
Conveyor System- A backbone of industrial operations.docxRDRTAICHI1
A conveyor system is indeed considered the backbone of many industrial operations, playing a vital role in the efficient movement of materials, products, and goods within a manufacturing or distribution facility. Here are some reasons why conveyor systems are regarded as essential components in industrial settings:
The purpose of this research is to design and suggest a new mechanism other than the very conventional methods used for material handling. Nowadays value and requirement of land in India has grown very rapidly. Thus effective space utilization is given prime importance in industrial design. Various manufacturing processes are carried out on multiple floors. For example while manufacturing wafers, soaps, biscuits and other cookies and also on various assembly lines different
processes are carried out at multiple stations.
1.Material Handling
2.What is material handling?
3.Objectives of material handling
4.significance of material handling
5.Principles of material handling
6.Scope of material handling in different field
7.Handling Standards of materials
8.Classification of material handling equipment
9.Types of material handling equipment
In recent years, key developments have taken place in computer- aided design, casting design, simulation, rapid tooling, intelligent advisory systems and Internet based engineering and most foundries are presently caught between change and survival. This is especially true in case of the foundries operating in the developing countries
Friction Stir welding combine the action of frictional heating and mechanical deformation due to a rotating tool. The advantages of Friction Stir welding over arc welding is as follows:-
1) High quality weld can be achieved
2) Absence of solidification cracking
3) Lower apparent energy input
4) Less distortion and residual stress
1. ABSTRACT
Material handling involves short-distance movement within the confines of a
building or between a building and a transportation vehicle. Material handling
can be used to create time and place utility through the handling, storage, and
control of material, as distinct from manufacturing, which creates form utility by
changing the shape, form, and makeup of material.
The main advantage of material handling system is that material is transferred in
close loop thereby preventing the environmental effect on the material and vice
versa. In this project different parameters like pressure, distance to be conveyed
and shape which governs the design of system are described.
2. INTRODUCTION
A Pneumatic material handling system is a process by which bulk materials of
almost any type are transferred or injected using a gas flow as a conveying
medium from one or more sources to one or more destinations. Air is the most
commonly used gas but may not be selected for heavy loads.
A well designed pneumatic material handling system is often a more practical
and economical method of transporting materials from one point to another due
to the following reasons :
1. Pneumatic systems are relatively more economical to install and operate.
2. Pneumatic systems are totally enclosed and if required can operate
entirely without moving parts into contact transported material.
3. They are flexible in terms of rerouting and expansion. A pneumatic
system can convey a product at any place a pipeline can run.
Material handling system is divided into the following categories :
1. Manual Handling system –
Manual handling refers to the use of a worker’s hands to move individual
containers by lifting, lowering, filling, emptying, or carrying them. It can
expose workers to physical conditions that can lead to injuries.
2. Automated Handling system –
Whenever technically and economically feasible, equipment can be used
to reduce and sometimes replace the need to manually handle material.
Most existing material handling equipment is only semi-
automated because a human operator is needed for tasks like
loading/unloading and driving that are difficult and/or too costly to fully
automate, although on going advances in sensing, machine intelligence,
and robotics have made it possible to fully automate an increasing
number of handling tasks.
3. Literature Survey
1. Base papers :
1.1 Author Name – Anthony Esposito
Book title – Fluid Power with Applications
Publication – Pearson
1.2 Author Name – Kai Huang
Paper title – Model of the Equipment selection of Material
Handling system
Publication – ATLANTIC PRESS
2. Reference Websites :
nptel.ac.in
www.ijirset.com
4. SYSTEM DESIGN AND CIRCUIT
The following components have been used in the construction of our Material
Handling system prototype :
1. Double acting cyclinders (3.5cm bore , 4cm stroke) – 2nos
2. 5/2 DCV lever operated – 2 nos
3. FRL unit
4. Flow control valve – 1 nos
5. T-joint – 1nos
6. Hose (2m length)
7. Wooden ply mount – (54×16cm sq.)
8. M seal
9. Container
10. Wooden test piece – (2.5×2.5×2 cm cube)
11.Nails(1in.)
CONSTRUCTION DETAILS :
1. The mount for the system was designed by cutting the wooden ply into
two pieces with the cross section of 24×16cm sq. and 30×16 cm sq.
2. The two wooden bases were clamped at an angle of 90 deg.
3. Each DA cylinder was then attached to the respective wooden base using
M seal at the co-incident axis at proper locations.
4. The M seal was left to dry for 30min.
CIRCUIT DESIGN :
1. The DA cylinders were connected to the each of the 5/2 DCVs using hose
connectors.
2. The DCVs were then connected to the FRL unit using a T-joint to provide
equal air pressure to both the DCVs .
3 The FRL unit is connected to the DCVs via a Flow control valve where
we adjusted the optimum pressure for the cylinders to lift and push the
weight.
6. WORKING OF DESIGNED CIRCUIT
1. Firstly we operate the vertical DA cylinder which is used to lift the load
kept on the platform.
Fig 1.2 Extension of vertical load carrying DA cylinder
2. Then the horizontal cylinder is extended which pushes the load into the
container.
Fig 1.3 Extension of horizontal cylinder to push the test load off the platform.
3. After that the process repeats continuously as we operate the DCVs.
7. FUTURE ENHANCEMENTS
While carrying out the testing , we found some discrepancies in the
working of the system. Due to stipulated budget , we could not fabricate a
better prototype but we can try to troubleshoot the following arising
problems :
1. The system we designed has to be controlled manually by the lever
operated DCVs. Using a system with roller operated valves (2 nos)
and one pilot operated DCV can make the continuous sequencing of
the circuit possible.
2. Due to shortage of funds , we could not use a DA cylinder with
cushioning mechanism in order to protect the test piece from impact
damage
3. Better cylinders can be used to increase the load capacity of the
system.
8. OBJECTIVES OF MATERIAL HANDLING
The primary objective of a material handling system is to reduce the unit cost of
production. The other subordinate objectives are:
1. Reduce manufacturing cycle time
2. Reduce delays, and damage
3. Promote safety and improve working conditions
9. 4. Maintain or improve product quality
5. Promote productivity
i. Material should flow in a straight line
ii. Material should move as short a distance as possible
iii. Use gravity
iv. Move more material at one time
v. Automate material handling
6. Promote increased use of facilities
i. Promote the use of building cube
ii. Purchase versatile equipment
iii. Develop a preventive maintenance program
iv. Maximize the equipment utilization etc.
LIMITATIONS OF AUTOMATED MATERIAL HANDLING SYSTEMS:
A good management practice is to weigh benefits against the limitations or
disadvantages before contemplating any change. Material handling systems also
have consequences that may be distinctly negative. These are:
1. Additional investment
2. Lack of flexibility
3. Vulnerability to downtime whenever there is breakdown
4. Additional maintenance staff and cost
5. Cost of auxiliary equipment.
6. Space and other requirements: