Conditionals are sentences with two clauses used to speculate about possible situations. There are several types of conditionals: - Zero conditionals are used for facts and have the structure of "if + simple present, simple present". - First conditionals are used for probable future situations and have the structure of "if + simple present, will + verb". - Second conditionals are used for hypothetical situations and have the structure of "if + simple past, would/could + verb". - Third conditionals are used for unreal past situations and have the structure of "if + past perfect, would + have + past participle". The document provides examples and exercises for using conditionals of different types.

1. CONDITIONALS
by
Alejandra Valencia Ramírez and
María del Rosario Valencia
Ramírez

2. 2
Conditionals
They are sentences with two clauses :
They are used to speculate about
what could happen.
If clause Main clause

3. 3
If I combine red and blue,
Zero conditionals
They are used for truths and facts:
Their structure is:
I get purple.
If + simple present, simple present

4. 4
First conditionals
They are used for probable future situations:
Their structure is:
If she studies hard, she will get good grades.
If + simple present, will + verb

5. 5
Second conditionals
They are used for hypothetical situations:
Their structure is:
If they won the lottery, they could travel around
the world.
If + simple past, would / could + verb

6. 6
Second conditionals
We use I / he / she / it + were:
If I were on an island, I would build a shack.

7. 7
Third conditionals
They are used for unreal past situations:
Their structure is:
If I had studied more, I would have passed the
exam.
If + past perfect, would + have + past
participle
I watched videos all afternoon,
and I didn´t study.

8. 1. If you ______(drink) coffee, you _________(not/sleep) at night.
2. If it ____ (be) hot, the ice cream _______(melt).
3. If he ________(pass) a red light, he ______(get) a ticket.
4. If we _________(not/pay)the electricity bill, the company
__________(interrupt) the electric service.
5. If Ana ___________(not/work), she __________(not/earn)
money.
8
Complete with the correct form of the verb using the zero
conditional.
Exercises: Zero conditional
drink don’t sleep
is melts
passes gets
don’t pay
interrupts
doesn’t work doesn’t earn

9. 9
Complete with the correct form of the verb using the first
conditional.
Exercises: First conditional
run will lose
doesn’t pay
will crash
sleeps won’t get up
learn will discover
eat will get
1. If you _____(run) 15 minutes every day, you _______ (lose)
weight.
2. If he ___________(not/pay) attention to the road, he
__________(crash).
3. If she ______(sleep) late, she ___________(not/get up) early.
4. If we _______(learn) French, we __________(discover) the
French culture.
5. If you _____(eat)a lot, you _______(get) a stomachache.

10. 1. If I _____(be) an astronaut, I ________(go) to another planet.
2. If we ______(have) the ability to read the mind, we _________
____________(communicate) without talking.
3. If he _____(fly) like superman, he __________(help) the people.
4. If I _______(become) the president of Mexico, I ___________
(procure) the peace of the world.
5. If Mario and Daniel _______(go) to Egypt, they __________
(ride) a camel.
10
Complete with the correct form of the verb using the second
conditional.
Exercises: Second conditional
were would go
had
communicate
flew would help
became would procure
went would ride
would

11. 1. If you ____________(arrive) earlier, you _________________
(not/lose) your airplane.
2. If the grasshopper __________(save) food in the autumn, it
__________________(survive) the winter.
3. If I _____________(practice) more, I _______________(win) a
medal.
4. If she _________(see) the crack in the side walk, she ________
__________(not/falll) down.
5. If he _________(go) to the Christmas party, he ______________
(see) their family and old friends.
11
Complete with the correct form of the verb using the third
conditional.
Exercises: Third conditional
had arrived wouldn’t have lost
had saved
would have survived
had practiced would have won
had seen wouldn’t
had gone would have seen
have fallen

12. References
• Avión, Boleto De Avión, Viajes [Digital image]. (n.d.). Retrieved January 29,
2019, from https://www.freepng.es/png-5t6xnx/download.html
• Bonifacio, E. (n.d.). Cartoon boy thinking [Digital image]. Retrieved January
28, 2019, from https://pngtree.com/freepng/cartoon-boy-
thinking_1680946.html
• [Digital image]. (n.d.). Retrieved January 30, 2019, from
http://imgs.inkfrog.com/pix/jo9hn/2_3_1108a_003.jpg
• Good Results - Good Grades In Spanish [Digital image]. (n.d.). Retrieved
January 28, 2019, from
https://www.nicepng.com/ourpic/u2q8a9u2i1e6o0w7_good-results-good-grades-
in-spanish/
• Nicoloa. (n.d.). Learning Student Behind You!! Study skills Education - Vector
effort to study the students [Digital image]. Retrieved January 28, 2019, from
https://www.kisspng.com/png-learning-student-behind-you-study-skills-
education-553582/
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13. References
• Oksmith. (2018, December 21). Bad Grade [Digital image]. Retrieved January
30, 2019, from https://openclipart.org/detail/312115/bad-grade
• Oksmith. (2018, May 12). Businessman [Digital image]. Retrieved January 30,
2019, from https://openclipart.org/detail/301800/businessman
• Oksmith. (2018, December 21). Female Computer User (#16a) [Digital image].
Retrieved January 30, 2019, from
https://openclipart.org/detail/312060/female-computer-user-16a
• Slides carnival themes. Retrieved from
https://www.slidescarnival.com/es/plantilla-para-presentacion-kate/3551
• Winning A Lottery Can Really Test One's Character [Digital image]. (n.d.).
Retrieved January 29, 2019, from
https://www.clipartmax.com/middle/m2i8N4G6i8N4A0d3_winning-a-lottery-
can-really-test-ones-character-video-camera-icon-png/
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