Foundations for a Platform to Develop Context-Aware Systems by Domain Experts

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This document outlines a platform called Context Cloud that was developed to make it easier for domain experts and programmers to collaboratively build context-aware systems. Context Cloud allows users to define relevant contexts, situations, and rules to detect situations based on context data from various sources. An evaluation of Context Cloud found that both domain experts and programmers found it easy to use and that it enabled faster development of context-aware systems than existing approaches.

Technology

Foundations for a Platform to Develop ContextAware Systems by Domain Experts
David Martin, Diego Lopez, Carlos Lamsfus, Aurkene
Alzua
Cooperative Research Centre in Tourism – CICtourGUNE (Spain)

david.martin@tourgune.org

• Outline
• Motivation
• Context

• Situation
• Context Cloud

• Conclusions

Motivation
• Ubiquitous Computing

(Weiser, 1991)

Motivation
• Ubiquitous Computing: 2012

How can we personalize and adapt these systems
to people’s needs in Ubicomp environments?

Motivation
• Ubiquitous Computing: 2012

CONTEXT!!

Motivation
• The development of context-aware systems is difficult
• Technical challenges
• Context data has to be…
• Obtained (distributed, heterogeneous)
• Processed (data model)
• Managed (inference->situations)
• The system has to be adapted to the identified situation

• Definition of situations
• Which are the relevant situations?
• Where is the needed context information?
• Which are the desired behaviors of the system?

Dependent on the application domain
Manufacturing

Tourism

Automotive Industry …

Motivation
• We need…
• The collaboration among Domain Experts and
Programmers in the development process. They can
better identify the situations of users that can be relevant
for the system to be developed.
• Toolkits that can make easier the development of
Context-Aware Systems, even for people that do not
have programming skills

Context is…
… “any information that can be obtained and
processed by a hardware or a software system, in
order to identify the situation of an entity and
adapt the system’s behaviour to that situation”.

Context

Entities

Living being

Place

Object

Situations
Sleeping

Pollution

At home
Raining
Software

Driving a car

Cooking

Hardware

Information

Weather

Date

Time

Speed

Location

QR Code

A situation…

… is the state of a subset of the available context
information at a certain region in space and at a
concrete interval in time, identified by a name

Situation is…
Waiting for
the bus

Bus stop

Going out on
a rainy day

Hotel room

Context Cloud
End user

CONTEXT-AWARE
SYSTEM

Waiting for
the bus

Going out on
a rainy day

Programmer

Warm place

Programmer

CONTEXT CLOUD

Domain expert

Bus stop

Hotel room

Beach

Context Cloud
• A web platform for the collaborative development of

Context-Aware Systems

Programmer

Domain expert

• Technical overview of the system
• Implementation of the final service using
the generated outputs to adapt the
behavior of the system

• Knowledge about the application domain
• Situations

Context Cloud: functionalities
End user

CONTEXT-AWARE
SYSTEM

Programmer

Walking
Working
Sleeping
Hotel

CONTEXT CLOUD

Programmer
Bus stop

Active
Provider

Passive
Provider

Providers
Domain expert
Rule1

GET

Rule 2

XML
POST

Programmer

Weather service

Smartphone

Conclusions
• A Platform to Develop Context-Aware

Systems
• Improvements over existing approaches
• Free data model
• Support for mobility (GIS)
• Extensible (rules, data model, sources,…)

• Web development environment (involvement of

DE)

Conclusions
• Evaluation of the platform
• Carried out in pairs composed by a Domain
Expert and a Programmer
• The participants (12) were given a document
where four different situations were described.
• The 83% find that learning how to use the platform is
easy.
• The 83% find that the interaction with the platform is
clear.
• The 83% of the participants state that it would be easy
for them to become skillful at using the platform.
• The 100% state that using the platform in their jobs
would enable them to develop context-aware systems
more quickly and that it would make it easier to
develop context-aware systems.

Thank You!!
davidmartin@tourgune.org
http://vimeo.com/contextcloud
www.tourgune.org

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1. Foundations for a Platform to Develop ContextAware Systems by Domain Experts David Martin, Diego Lopez, Carlos Lamsfus, Aurkene Alzua Cooperative Research Centre in Tourism – CICtourGUNE (Spain) david.martin@tourgune.org

2. • Outline • Motivation • Context • Situation • Context Cloud • Conclusions

3. • Outline • Motivation • Context • Situation • Context Cloud • Conclusions

4. Motivation • Ubiquitous Computing (Weiser, 1991)

5. Motivation • Ubiquitous Computing: 2012 How can we personalize and adapt these systems to people’s needs in Ubicomp environments?

6. Motivation • Ubiquitous Computing: 2012 CONTEXT!!

7. Motivation • The development of context-aware systems is difficult • Technical challenges • Context data has to be… • Obtained (distributed, heterogeneous) • Processed (data model) • Managed (inference->situations) • The system has to be adapted to the identified situation • Definition of situations • Which are the relevant situations? • Where is the needed context information? • Which are the desired behaviors of the system? Dependent on the application domain Manufacturing Tourism Automotive Industry …

8. Motivation • We need… • The collaboration among Domain Experts and Programmers in the development process. They can better identify the situations of users that can be relevant for the system to be developed. • Toolkits that can make easier the development of Context-Aware Systems, even for people that do not have programming skills

9. • Outline • Motivation • Context • Situation • Context Cloud • Conclusions

10. Context is… … “any information that can be obtained and processed by a hardware or a software system, in order to identify the situation of an entity and adapt the system’s behaviour to that situation”.

11. Context Entities Living being Place Object Situations Sleeping Pollution At home Raining Software Driving a car Cooking Hardware Information Weather Date Time Speed Location QR Code

12. • Outline • Motivation • Context • Situation • Context Cloud • Conclusions

13. A situation… … is the state of a subset of the available context information at a certain region in space and at a concrete interval in time, identified by a name

14. Situation is… Waiting for the bus Bus stop Going out on a rainy day Hotel room

15. • Outline • Motivation • Context • Situation • Context Cloud • Conclusions

16. Context Cloud End user CONTEXT-AWARE SYSTEM Waiting for the bus Going out on a rainy day Programmer Warm place Programmer CONTEXT CLOUD Domain expert Bus stop Hotel room Beach

17. Context Cloud • A web platform for the collaborative development of Context-Aware Systems Programmer Domain expert • Technical overview of the system • Implementation of the final service using the generated outputs to adapt the behavior of the system • Knowledge about the application domain • Situations

18. Context Cloud: functionalities End user CONTEXT-AWARE SYSTEM Programmer Walking Working Sleeping Hotel CONTEXT CLOUD Programmer Bus stop Active Provider Passive Provider Providers Domain expert Rule1 GET Rule 2 XML POST Programmer Weather service Smartphone

19. • Outline • Motivation • Context • Situation • Context Cloud • Conclusions

20. Conclusions • A Platform to Develop Context-Aware Systems • Improvements over existing approaches • Free data model • Support for mobility (GIS) • Extensible (rules, data model, sources,…) • Web development environment (involvement of DE)

21. Context data model Rules

22. Conclusions • Evaluation of the platform • Carried out in pairs composed by a Domain Expert and a Programmer • The participants (12) were given a document where four different situations were described. • The 83% find that learning how to use the platform is easy. • The 83% find that the interaction with the platform is clear. • The 83% of the participants state that it would be easy for them to become skillful at using the platform. • The 100% state that using the platform in their jobs would enable them to develop context-aware systems more quickly and that it would make it easier to develop context-aware systems.

23. Thank You!! davidmartin@tourgune.org http://vimeo.com/contextcloud www.tourgune.org

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