Cloud computing provides an innovation platform beyond just cost savings. New technologies like containers, microservices, and APIs enable collaboration and mobility. Applications are designed to be stateless, transactional, and deployed atomically. This paradigm shift supports real-time scalability, insights from big data, and interconnected devices and people. Use cases include neighborhood watch, emergency response, and open data platforms. Cloud is impacted by mobility, social media, and the internet of things, moving away from silos towards collaboration across applications, data, and people.

1. Mohammad Fairus Khalid
Cloud Computing as
Innovation Hub

2. Agenda
• Motivation
• Technology
• Paradigm Shift
• Use Cases

3. The First pay-per-use Cloud Computing

4. Traditionally Why People Move to Cloud
• Moving away from the hardware silo
• Optimized use of resources
• Pay as you use
• Fast deployment and ease of maintenance
…but World has Changed…

5. MOBILITY

6. SOCIAL MEDIA

7. The Internet of Things – infographic The Connectivist based on Cisco data
INTERCONNECTED

8. INSIGHTS

9. The World Changed
• Access from anywhere at anytime with any
devices
• Employing more sensors to collect more
data and employing more controllable
devices
• Collaborative in term of application, data
and people efforts
• Greater Intelligence – better decision
making for – health, safety, business,
sports and etc

10. How Cloud Get Impacted
• No longer just a platform to provide
computing power
• No longer just about cost saving
• Moving away from application and data
silo
• Platform to collaborate – application, data
and people
• Platform to analyze and that help to
prescribe better decision making

12. Big Data Landscape

13. Service Stacks
Infrastructure Fabric
Data Collection Fabric
Data Fabric
Analytics Fabric
Applications Fabric

14. Layer of Complexity
Compute
Storage
Network
CPU
GPU
Virtual
Machine
Container
Operating
System
Platform
Application
File system
Small
Devices
Agent
Big Data
Database
Load balance
People Crowd
Sourcing
Device Crowd
Sourcing
Physical LayerPhysical Abstraction
Layer
Service Abstraction
Layer
Give me ubuntu. I want to
Install my own app
I already have nodejs app.
I just want run the app
My business is expending.
I need crm system.
I want to store a file
What is the relationship
between weather and
durian
I want database size can
grow from 10GB to 100 GB
I want to scale the web
server
Send me pictures of
sea games event
Tell me the bandwidth
consumption pattern in
Puchong
User Stories

15. Technology
• IT Resource Abstraction
• Minimal Operating System
• Collaborative Tools
• GPU/Multi Core processing
• Distributed Storage

16. IT Resource Abstraction
• Hypervisor Virtualization Challenges
– Significant overhead
– Significant repetitive work – OS deployment,
configuration
• Container is the answer to this.
• There are 2 types of container
– Application Container
– System Container

17. Application Container - Docker
• Docker containers wrap up a piece of
software in a complete filesystem that
contains everything it needs to run: code,
runtime, system tools, system libraries –
anything you can install on a server. This
guarantees that it will always run the
same, regardless of the environment it is
running in.

18. Application Container - Docker
Server
Host OS
Docker Engine
bins/libs bins/libs
App1
App2
App3
App4
App5
App6
Server
Host OS
Hypervisor
Guest
OS
bins/
libs
App 1
Guest
OS
bins/
libs
App 1
Guest
OS
bins/
libs
App 1
Virtual
Machine
Container
Containers have similar resource isolation and allocation benefits as virtual
machines but a different architectural approach allows them to be much more
portable and efficient.

19. Application Container – Image Layer
Debian
nodejs
node-telegram-bot-api
nedb
gbsbot
IMAGE CREATED CREATED BY SIZE
52fde796cb83 24 hours ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ENTRYPOINT &{["node" "./myb 0 B
f82158577794 24 hours ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) COPY multi:3b93737c8a69ee5b 39.11 kB
20bcf94ccdf9 24 hours ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) COPY file:d1ca5732ca7afe9b4 19.49 kB
0c9042ee2f2c 24 hours ago /bin/sh -c npm --unsafe-perm install node-tel 9.798 MB
db1e2a0888ac 24 hours ago /bin/sh -c npm --unsafe-perm install nedb 4.649 MB
46ff394d3bd9 9 days ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ENV PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/u 0 B
85db46af09e1 9 days ago /bin/sh -c mkdir /nodejs && curl http://nodej 17.51 MB
ed701745dfc9 9 days ago /bin/sh -c apt-get update -y && apt-get insta 184.4 MB
e9e824eeee9d 2 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD ["/bin/bash"] 0 B
cba48ac2c991 2 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:41fbf9f100beb80549 84.89 MB

20. System Container - LXD
• Full operating system functionality within containers, not
just single processes
• Maximum density of guests per host, providing a cost
benefit when running in a public cloud
• Rapid provisioning, instant guest boot
http://www.ubuntu.com/cloud/lxd

21. Boot Time
0.39
3.39
9.99
11.11
0.00
2.00
4.00
6.00
8.00
10.00
12.00
Avg Application Ready
BootTime(seconds)
Docker LXD wo Copy LXD KVM

22. Density
69.53
30.64
2.45
70.65
6.83 6.41
84.59
53.67
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
70.00
80.00
90.00
100.00
1 51 101 151 201 251 301 351 401 451 501 551 601 651 701 751 801 851 901 951 1001
Memroy(%)
Number of Guests
Free Memory (KVM) Free Memory (Docker) Free Memory (LXD)

23. IT Resource Abstraction Use Cases
KVM LXD Docker
Use Case To run mixture of
different kernel
operating systems of
guest machines on the
same host.
To run full linux
operating system
functionality with the
same kernel version of
the host
To run linux
applications which
don’t have
dependency on the
linux kernel version
Examples Windows 7, Ubuntu
10.04, Ubuntu 14.04
Busybox, ubuntu same
kernel version
nodejs, tomcat,
postgres

24. Minimal Operating System
• Improved stability and security
• Minimize the overhead of tools

25. Minimal OS
• lightweight, immutable platform
• boot extremely quickly
• designed for security, consistency, and reliability

26. Benefit of Min OS
• minimize the need for frequent patching
• minimize vulnerability and attack space
• Use less resources CPU, RAM and
storage
• Increase stability
• Fast to boot 5 – 10 seconds
• Read only ensuring system integrity
• Transactional/atomic update – guaranteed
update/rollback

27. Minimal OS Comparison
Photon OS Snappy Ubuntu
Core
Atomic Host CoreOS Rancher OS
Initiated by Vmware open
source
Ubuntu open
source
Red Hat open
source
CoreOS open
source
Rancher open
source
Why extend the
security, identity
and resource
management to
containerized
workloads.
to ensure a
carrier-grade
update
experience
To provide secure
and reliable
foundation to
orchestrate
multi-container
based
applications at
scale
To provide
capability as
large web
companies like
Google
build a
minimalist Linux
distribution that
was perfect for
running Docker
containers
Supported
Framework
Docker, rkt,
Pivotal Garden
Open Docker Docker, rkt Docker
Size ~300 MB ~110 MB ~400 MB ~220 MB ~30 MB

28. Collaborative Tools
• Static
– Marketplace
– Repositories
• Dynamic
– API to services
– Social Media
– Mobile messaging
– Software code management

29. Paradigm Shift
• Application Programming Interface
– Open, enable collaboration
• Application Architecture - microservices
– Realtime scalability
– Mobility
• Application Design atomic/transactional
– Atomic update

30. Automation - API
• APIs are sets of requirements that
govern how one application can talk to
one and another.

31. Application Design- Transactional
• Separation between stateful and
stateless portion of the application.
• The stateless portion will keep as read-
only, which means they cannot be
tampered with and can be updated
perfectly and predictably every time.
• Delta management keeps the size of
downloads to the bare minimum.
• Transactional, image-based delta
updates for the system and applications
that can always be rolled back.
• Signatures and fingerprints ensure we
are running exactly what was published
by the developer.
Debian
nodejs
node-telegram-bot-api
nedb
gbsbot
data config

32. Application Architecture – Microservices
• developing a single
application as a suite
of small services
• runs in its own
process
• lightweight
communication
mechanisms, often an
HTTP resource API.
http://martinfowler.com/articles/microservices.html

33. Application Architecture – Microservices
• Strong Module Boundaries: Microservices
reinforce modular structure, which is particularly
important for larger teams.
• Independent Deployment: Simple services are
easier to deploy, and since they are
autonomous, are less likely to cause system
failures when they go wrong.
• Technology Diversity: With microservices you
can mix multiple languages, development
frameworks and data-storage technologies.
http://martinfowler.com/articles/microservice-trade-offs.html

34. Use Cases
Use Cases

35. https://www.hitrecord.org/

36. https://www.tm.com.my/securitysurveillance/Pages/ind
ex.html

37. https://www.data.gov/

38. Neighborhood Watch - challenge
1. To monitor real-time video
2. To recall event trigged video or
images
1. Emergency alert, panic
button
1. Incident
alerts

39. recap
• World changed
• Cloud computing provide opportunity
beyond cost confinement
• Using different technologies to cater for
new business need
• The way applications are architect,
implement and deployed need to change
• We should look cloud as innovation
platform