This document summarizes the key components and functions of the human reproductive system. It explains that reproduction can occur sexually, involving both male and female gametes, or asexually with only one parent. Sexual reproduction results in offspring with genetic material from both parents and variation, while asexual reproduction clones the single parent. The male reproductive system produces and transports sperm for fertilization. The female system produces eggs and supports embryo development. Fertilization occurs when sperm fuse with eggs in the fallopian tubes.

1. Lesson 2
Human reproductive system

2.  All living things reproduce.
 Reproduction may be SEXUAL or
ASEXUAL.

3.  For continuity of life
 Increase the number of individuals of
the same species
 Replaces those that die

4. Production of individuals with gametes

5. Sexual Reproduction Asexual reproduction
Male & Female parents One parent
Gametes involved No gamete

6. Sexual reproduction Asexual reproduction
Male & Female parents One parent
Gametes involved No gamete
Fertilization occurs No fertilization

7. Sexual Reproduction Asexual reproduction
Male & Female parents One parent
Gametes involved No gamete
Fertilization occurs No fertilization
Genes from both Gene from one
parents parent
Mixture 100% identical to
characteristics parent

8. Sexual Asexual
Reproduction reproduction
Male & Female
parents One parent
Gametes involved No gamete
Fertilization
occurs No fertilization
Genes from Gene from one
both parents parent
Mixture 100% identical to
characteristics parent
Variation No variation

9. Sexual Asexual
Reproduction reproduction
Male & Female
parents One parent
Gametes involved No gamete
Fertilization
occurs No fertilization
Genes from Gene from one
both parents parent
Mixture 100% identical to
characteristics parent
Variation No variation

10. Gamete: Sperm Gamete: Ovum
*Gonad – testes *Gonad – ovary
*Many sperm cells *One egg cell a month
*Smaller *Larger than a body cell
*Swims through liquid *Cannot move on its own
*Head, middle, & tail *Round shape

11.  Reproductive system functions in gamete
 Production
 Storage
 Nourishment
 Transport
 Fertilization
 Fusion of male and female gametes to form a zygote

12.  Parts of Male reproductive system
 Parts of Female reproductive system
 Direction of sperm movement until
fertilization occurs

13. Figure 28.1

14. Figure 28.3

15.  Functions
 Toproduce, maintain and transport
sperm (the male reproductive cells) and
protective fluid (semen)

16.  Functions
 Toproduce, maintain and transport
sperm (the male reproductive cells) and
protective fluid (semen)
 Toproduce and secrete male sex
hormones (testosterone) responsible for
maintaining the male reproductive
system

17. http://www.uh.edu/~tgill2/image010.jpg

18. Mix with fluid and mucus
(semen)
Typical ejaculate = 2-5 ml
Contains between 20 –
100 million sperms per ml

19.  Testes
/ testicles
(Gonads)
 Produce sperm
(Spermatogenesis)
 Sperm production begins
at puberty and
continues throughout
the life of a male

20.  Testes
/ testicles
(Gonads)
 Produce
testosterone
 Hair patterns and
voice changes
 Development of the
male accessory organs
(prostate, seminal
vesicles etc.)
 Stimulates the effect
of protein building in
the body that is
responsible for the
greater muscle
development and
strength of the male

21.  Duct System
 Epididymis
 Sperm mature in
epididymis
 Vas Deferens
 Transports mature
sperm to the
urethra
 Ejaculatory ducts
 empty into the
urethra

22.  Seminal vesicles
 Attached to vas
deferens
 Produce a sugar-
rich fluid
(fructose) that
provides energy
to sperm

23.  Prostate Gland
 Makes fluid and
mucus

24.  Urethra
 Tube that carries
urine from the
bladder to outside
of the body
 Also carries
semen out of the
body

25.  Functions
 Produces the female egg cells - ovum
 Transports the eggs to the site of fertilization
 The fertilization of an egg by a sperm, occurs in
the Fallopian tubes

26. Figure 28.13

28. Functions
 Place for a baby to develop
 Iffertilization does not take place, the
system is designed to menstruate
 Produces female sex hormones that
maintain the reproductive cycle.

30.  Pathway of ovum to
uterus
 Fertilization occurs
here
 Thefertilized egg
then moves to the
uterus for
development
http://www.ricancercouncil.org/img/cervical.gif

31.  Protection
 Nutritional
support for fetus
 Waste removal for the developing
embryo and fetus

32.  Lower part of uterus
Allows sperm to enter uterus
For menstrual blood to exit
Connects to vagina

33.  Canal that joins the
cervix (the lower part
of uterus) to the
outside of the body
 Birth canal
 Allow penis to enter