force.pptx
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This document defines force and gravity. It explains that force is a push or pull that can cause an object to change its motion or speed. There are different types of forces including contact forces like friction and non-contact forces like magnetic and gravitational forces. Gravity is the force of attraction between all objects with mass and the Earth. The center of gravity is the point where all of an object's weight can be considered to be concentrated. An object's stability depends on whether its line of gravity falls within the base of support.
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This document discusses different types of voluntary movements used in physical therapy exercises. It classifies exercises as free, assisted, assisted-resisted, or resisted based on whether they involve gravity, external assistance, or resistance. Free exercises work against gravity alone and are used to improve relaxation, muscle tone, coordination, and confidence. They can help cure or rehabilitate patients, though some patients may be unable to perform them. The document outlines techniques for free exercises and their effects, including improved relaxation, joint mobility, muscle power, neuromuscular coordination, and confidence. It also describes circulatory and respiratory changes that occur with exercise like increased heart rate, blood flow, and respiration to meet tissue needs and regulate functions.
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Biomechanics of knee complex 8 patellofemoral joint
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Physics
1) The document discusses fundamental physics concepts including fundamental and derived quantities, scalar and vector quantities, frames of reference, average and instantaneous speed, acceleration, forces and equilibrium, weight, mass and weight, satellite motion, Newton's laws of motion, work, and conservative and dissipative forces.
2) Key concepts covered include the seven base SI units, vector addition, types of equilibrium, centripetal and centrifugal forces, inertia, Newton's three laws of motion, and the definition of work as the product of force and displacement.
3) Formulas are provided for average and instantaneous speed, acceleration, weight, work of a constant and variable force, and work of interaction forces.
Force
1) Force is an external agent that can change the motion or position of an object, and has both magnitude and direction. Forces can be balanced or unbalanced. Balanced forces do not change the motion of an object, while unbalanced forces do.
2) Graphs can represent motion, including distance-time graphs for objects with uniform or non-uniform speed, and velocity-time graphs for objects with uniform or non-uniform acceleration. Equations relate displacement, velocity, acceleration, and time for accelerated motion.
3) Newton's Three Laws of Motion describe how forces affect the motion of objects: an object at rest stays
Force
This document provides information about force and motion. It defines a force as a push or pull and notes that all forces have magnitude and direction. It then gives several examples of the effects of different forces, such as an arrow hitting a target. The document discusses that a force can change an object's shape, size, and motion. It also defines types of motion, speed, velocity, acceleration, and summarizes Newton's Three Laws of Motion.
Force and laws of motion By R K Chaudhari
1) Force is any external agent that causes an object to change its motion. Newton's three laws of motion describe the relationship between force and motion.
2) Newton's first law states that an object will remain at rest or in uniform motion unless acted upon by an external force. This tendency of objects to resist changes in motion is called inertia.
3) Newton's second law states that the acceleration of an object as produced by a net force is directly proportional to the magnitude of the net force, in the same direction as the net force, and inversely proportional to the mass of the object.
Force and pressure - Part 2
This document discusses forces and their effects. It states that forces acting in the same direction add together, while forces acting in opposite directions result in the difference between the forces. A force can change an object's state of motion by changing its speed or direction, or both. A force is also needed to change an object's shape. The strength of a force is expressed by its magnitude. Multiple choice questions review the key points around state of motion, how net force is calculated, and identifying the greater of two opposing forces based on the direction an object moves.
BIOMECAHNICS PRINCIPLES OF HUMAN MOTION.pptx
This document discusses biomechanical principles of human motion. It covers topics such as kinetics, kinematics, Newton's laws of motion, forces, levers, and stability. Key points include:
- Kinetics deals with forces causing movement, while kinematics involves time, space, and mass aspects of motion.
- Newton's first law states an object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an external force.
- Torque is the tendency of a force to cause rotation, and is equal to the force magnitude multiplied by the distance from the axis of rotation.
- Stability depends on the relationship between an object's center of gravity and its base of support
Chapter 3 dynamics
Forces can move, stop, or change the direction of motion of an object. Inertia is an object's resistance to changes in its motion due to its mass. Momentum is the quantity of motion an object has, defined as its mass times velocity. Newton's three laws of motion describe the relationship between an object and the forces acting upon it. The law of conservation of momentum states that the total momentum of an isolated system remains constant. Friction opposes motion and can be advantageous or disadvantageous depending on the situation. Uniform circular motion requires a centripetal force directed toward the center of rotation.
force and laws of motion
Forces can be balanced or unbalanced. Balanced forces do not cause motion but can change an object's shape, while unbalanced forces produce or stop motion. Newton's laws state that objects at rest stay at rest and objects in motion stay in motion unless acted on by an unbalanced force. Force equals mass times acceleration, and for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. Momentum is the product of mass and velocity, and the total momentum in a system remains constant if no external forces act on it.
kinesiology_lecture-6.pdf
(1) Forces are pushes or pulls that can cause or modify motion. Internal forces come from muscles and ligaments, while external forces come from outside the body, like gravity.
(2) Forces can be analyzed as systems, with the resultant force representing the combined effect. Linear systems have colinear forces, parallel systems have coplanar parallel forces, and concurrent systems meet at one point.
(3) Examples of force systems include the hamstrings producing knee flexion, the pectoralis major both flexing and adducting the arm, and the deltoid abducting the arm through concurrent anterior and posterior fiber forces.
Force and acceleration simplified
Forces can push or pull on objects and change their motion. A force is measured in Newtons. The net force on an object determines its acceleration according to F=ma. Newton's three laws describe how forces interact: 1) objects in motion stay in motion unless a force acts; 2) F=ma; 3) for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. Centripetal force provides the inward pull that causes objects to travel in circular paths. Stability depends on the location of an object's center of mass relative to its base.
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force.pptx
- 2. DEFINITION • Force is that which alters the state of rest of a body or its uniform motion in a straight line. • A push or pull of an object. • It is described by strength or direction. • A force gives an object energy to stop or start moving and change of direction. • Unit of force is Newton. • It is a vector quantity.
- 3. COMPOSITION OF FORCE • DIRECTION: Direction of force, may be represented by the direction of an arrow. • MAGNITUDE: Magnitude of force, may be represented by the length of the arrow. • NATURE: It may be tensile or compressive of the object. • POINT OF APPLICATION: Point at which the force acts.
- 4. TYPES OF FORCE FORCE CONTACT FORCE MUSCULAR FORCE FRICTION FORCE NONCONTACT FORCE MAGNETIC FORCE ELECTROSTATIC FORCE GRAVITATIONAL FORCE
- 5. CONTACT FORCE MUSCULAR FORCE: Force resulting due to the action of muscles is called muscular force. Eg.., pushing a load requires muscular force. FRICTION FORCE: Frictional force always acts in the direction opposite to the applied force. Eg., cycling The force that moves or attempts to move one object on another is known as shear force.
- 6. NON-CONTACT FORCE MAGNETIC FORCE: The force which arise due to attraction or repulsion between the poles of magnet is called magnetic force. ELECTROSTATIC FORCE: The attractive or repulsive force arising due to non moving charges present in the body is called electrostatic force. GRAVITATIONAL FORCE: Any falling object is attracted towards earth is called gravitational force or force of gravity.
- 8. CONCURRENT FORCE • The force which meet at one point, known as concurrent force. • When two or more force acting at a common point of application on an object but in divergent direction, known as concurrent force.
- 9. COPLANAR FORCE • Force whose lines of action lies on the same plane, are known as coplanar force. • When all forces are acting in the same plane, they are called coplanar force.
- 10. COLLINEAR FORCE • The force whose line of action of force lie on the same line or along a single straight line, are known as collinear fore. • These forces may act in the same direction or opposite direction.
- 11. RESOLUTION OF FORCE • The process of splitting up the given force into a number of components, without changing its effect on the body is called resolution of force. • A force is generally resolved along two mutually perpendicular directions.
- 12. ANGLE OF PULL OF MUSCLE • Angle of force may be resolved into a vertical and a horizontal component. Size of each depends on angle of pull changes with every degree of joint motion. • Example : The patella creates a larger moment arm (the perpendicular distance from the line of action to the axis of the joint). It allows joint to rotary/angular/movement force. The quads would be redirected towards the joint.
- 14. DEFINITION • Gravity is the force by which all bodies are attracted to the earth. • The force of attraction existed between all material objects, and the magnitude of this attraction was directly proportional to the mass of each body and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. • The force of gravity acts continuously upon the human body, and if unopposed the latter will fall to the ground.
- 15. CENTER OF GRAVITY • The center of gravity of a rigid body is the point through which the earth’s attraction effectively acts whatever the position of the body. • COG is an imaginary point that the body weight can be assumed to be concentrated and equally distributed around which body can rotate freely in all direction.
- 16. AGE LOCATION OF COG IN THE BODY • The line represents the height of COG and the point represents the umbilicus.
- 17. • The COG in males is higher than in female and children because of the greater amount of weight they carry in the upper half of the body. • The location of the COG will vary with each of the many and varied postures the body assumes.
- 18. LINE OF GRAVITY • Line of gravity is the vertical line that passes through the COG to the ground. • The LOG is important when determining stability. • If LOG falls within the object/person base of support the object is relatively stable. • If the LOG falls outside the object/person base of support the object.