The document discusses the evolution of the concept of food security, highlighting its origins post-World War II and the establishment of organizations like FAO and WHO to address food crises. It outlines the four key pillars of food security: availability, access, utilization, and stability, emphasizing the necessity of ensuring adequate and nutritious food for all populations. The conclusion stresses the complexity of food security as a critical sustainable development issue intertwined with health, economic development, and environmental factors.

2. INTRODUCTION

3. INTRODUCTION
• WITH INCREASE IN THE POPULATION THE DEMAND FOR BASIC FOOD NEEDSINCREASES.
• THIS DEMAND ALSO INCREASES DURING TIMES OF NATURAL CALAMITIES
• GRANARIES WERE BUILT AND FOOD WAS RATIONALIZED BY PEOPLE TO OVERCOME THIS PROBLEM OVER
HUNDRED OF YEARS.
• POST-WORLD WAR II, THE WORLD SAW NEED FOR FORMATION OF AN ORGANIZATION TO MANGE THE FOOD
CRISIS AND SO THE FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION ( F.A.O. ) WAS INTRODUCED IN THE YEAR 1945.
• IN 1974, THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (W.H.O.) OF THE UNITED NATION ( U.N. ) ALONG WITH THE FAO HAD
A WORLD FOOD SUMMIT DUE TO THE GLOBAL FOOD CRISIS TO FINALLY TAKE CHARGE IN MANAGING THE CRISIS
AND THE CONCEPT OF “FOOD SECURITY” WAS BROUGHT FORTH.

4. FOOD SECURITY : DEFINITION

5. • DURING THE FIRST SUMMIT IN 1945, THE F.A.O. ANDW.H.O. FOCUSED MAINLY IN INCREASING THE
VOLUME OF FOOD AVAILABLE AND KEEPING ITSTABLE AND SO DEFINED IT AS
“AVAILABILITYAT ALL TIMES OF ADEQUATE WORLD FOOD SUPPLIES OF BASIC
FOODSTUFFS TO SUSTAIN A STEADY EXPANSION OF FOOD CONSUMPTION AND TO
OFFSET FLUCTUATIONS IN PRODUCTION AND PRICES” (UNITED NATIONS, 1975)
• AS THE YEARS PASSED BY THE F.A.O. ANDW.H.O. SAW THAT FOOD SECURITY HAD TO BE FOCUSED ALSO ON
MEETING THE DIETARY NEEDS OF PEOPLE COMING FROM EVERY BACKGROUNDMAY THEY BE RICH OR
POVERTY STRICKEN AND SO BY 2001 THEY WERE ABLE TO DEFINE THE CONCEPT PROPERLY AS
“FOOD SECURITY IS A SITUATION THAT EXISTS WHEN ALL PEOPLE, AT ALL TIMES,
HAVE PHYSICAL, SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC ACCESS TO SUFFICIENT, SAFE AND
NUTRITIOUS FOOD THAT MEETS THEIR DIETARY NEEDS AND FOOD PREFERENCES
FOR AN ACTIVE AND HEALTHY LIFE”. (THE STATE OF FOOD INSECURITY IN THE
WORLD 2001)

6. 5 2

7. THE FOUR PILLARS OF FOOD SECURITY

8. THE FOUR PILLARS OF FOOD SECURITY
• THE W.H.O. STATED THAT THERE ARE BASICALLY THERE PILLARS OF FOOD SECURITY :FOOD AVAILABILITY
FOOD ACCESSIBILITY AND ITS PROPER UTILIZATION
• DURING WORLD FOOD SUMMIT OF 2009, THEF.A.O. INTRODUCED THE FORTH PILLAR : STABILITY OF FOOD
AVAILABILITY, ACCESS AND UTILIZATION (DECLARATION OF THE WORLD FOOD SUMMIT ON FOOD
SECURITY , 2009).
• ALL FOUR PILLARS ARE VERY IMPORTANT FOR UPHOLDING THE CONCEPT OFFOOD SECURITY.

9. 1

10. THE THREE PILLARS OF FOOD SECURITY BY
W.H.O.
FOOD AVAILABILITY
• DOMESTIC
PRODUCTION
• IMPORT CAPACITY
• FOOD STOCKS
• FOOD AID
PHYSICAL AND ECONOMIC
ACCESS TO FOOD
• PURCHASING POWER
• INCOME OF
POPULATION
• TRANSPORT AND
MARKET
INFRASTRUCTURE
FOOD UTILIZATION
• FOOD SAFETY
• HYGIENE AND MANUFACTURING PRACTICES
APPLIED IN: PRIMARY AGRICULTURAL
PRODUCTION, HARVESTING AND STORAGE;
FOOD PROCESSING; TRANSPORTATION,
RETAIL, HOUSEHOLDS
• DIET QUALITY AND DIVERSITY : MEETING
NEEDS IN TERMS OF ENERGY, MACRO- AND
MICRONUTRIENTS

11. THE FORTH PILLAR OF FOOD SECURITY BY
F.A.O.
STABILITY OF SUPPLY AND ACCESS
•WEATHER VARIABILITY
•PRICE FLUCTUATIONS
•POLITICAL FACTORS
•ECONOMIC FACTORS

12. CONCLUSION
•” FOOD SECURITY” IS BASICALLY A WAY TO MAKING SURE THAT EVERYONE IS ABLE TO
ACCESS FOOD SERVICES AT ALL TIME WITHOUT SHORTAGE FOR NUTRITION PURPOSES.
•THIS CAN BE ONLY DONE UPHOLDING THE FOUR PILLARS I.E. AVAILABILITY, ACCESS,
UTILIZATION AND STABILITY.
•FOOD SECURITY IS A COMPLEX SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT ISSUE, LINKED TO HEALTH
THROUGH MALNUTRITION, BUT ALSO TO SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT,
ENVIRONMENT, AND TRADE.
•THIS COULD ALSO HELP THE WORLD PREPARE FOR FUTURE CONSUMPTION NEEDS THAT
WILL ARISE DUE TO THE EVER INCREASING POPULATION.

13. REFERENCES
• (2009). DECLARATION OF THE WORLD FOOD SUMMIT ON FOOD SECURITY .ROME: FOOD AND
AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS.
• DECLARATION OF THE WORLD SUMMIT ON FOOD SECURITY. (2009, NOVEMBER 16-18). RETRIEVED FROM
FAO:
HTTP://WWW.FAO.ORG/FILEADMIN/TEMPLATES/WSFS/SUMMIT/DOCS/FINAL_DECLARATION/WSFS09
_DECLARATION.PDF
• MERCY CORPS. (2009). FOOD SECURITY. MERCY CORPS, 2.
• (2002). THE STATE OF FOOD INSECURITY IN THE WORLD 2001. ROME: FAO.
• UNITED NATIONS. (1975). REPORT OF THE WORLD FOOD CONFERENCE, ROME 5-16 NOVEMBER 1974. NEW
YORK.

14. PICTURE LINKS
1. HTTP://LAPENA.ORG/WP-CONTENT/UPLOADS/2015/07/CPI_FOOD-SECURITY_INFOGRAPHIC_REV1.JPG
2. HTTP://WWW.FOODWISE.COM.AU/WP-CONTENT/UPLOADS/2012/08/ARTICLE-FOOD-SECURITY.JPG
3. HTTPS://ENCRYPTED-
TBN0.GSTATIC.COM/IMAGES?Q=TBN:AND9GCSUSUYQRTNG_TS_7C22IDCZHKU807QSVKYJTTRGJXTS8FWPPSPJJQ
4. HTTPS://ENCRYPTED-
TBN1.GSTATIC.COM/IMAGES?Q=TBN:AND9GCRYGUXLD9_USWNRRNQEB1P5PTPQBP9NWWIWU_8QLESF29HR9HZP
5. HTTPS://UPLOAD.WIKIMEDIA.ORG/WIKIPEDIA/COMMONS/THUMB/D/D4/AFRICA_FOOD_SECURITY_15_%281066529
4293%29.JPG/220PX-AFRICA_FOOD_SECURITY_15_%2810665294293%29.JPG
6. HTTPS://RAVIK3.FILES.WORDPRESS.COM/2013/10/FOOD_SECURITY_INFOGRAPHIC_CFBSA_WEB.JPG
7. HTTP://KENOSHA.UWEX.EDU/FILES/2014/02/12-18-FOOD-SECURITY-REPORT-FINAL-2.JPG