Farmers Livestock School in Goat Production is a series of seminar and workshop conducted in Balanga, Bataan. It was conducted by the City Veterinary Office of City Government of Balanga. The activity includes a series of topics about goat breeding, goat nutrition, goat business, dairy goat and meat goat production, housing and facilities in goat production and other aspect in goat production business.

1. PART 2: WORKSHOP SEMINAR IN GOAT
FEEDING & PASTURE DEVELOPMENT
City Government of Balanga
City Veterinary Office
Provincial Government of Bataan
Office of the Provincial Veterinarian
City of Balanga Small Ruminant
Raisers Association
COBSRRA
in
Goat Production
Farmers’
Livestock
School
In Partnership with

2. Pagpapakain ng
Alagang Kambing
in
Goat Production
Farmers’
Livestock
School

3. Mang Kanor and His Native Goat

4. After 3 years.. 26 Female Goats…

6. After the 4th year…
He sold 40 goats for php120K!

7. Misis ni Mang Kanor

8. Toyota Wigo
Php500K
167
Goats for
Sale
75
Female
Breeder
Goats

9. Goal of Mang Kanor :
75 female breeder goats after 2 years

10. Ngunit May Problema…

12. • Native Pasture- 5 goats per hectare
• Improved Pasture- 10 goats per
hectare
• Cut-and-Carry System (irrigated and
fertilized legumes and improve
grasses) - 60 goats per hectare
Carrying Capacity of Land

13. Ano ang ginawa ni Mang Kanor?…
1 hectare of
land

15. Darak
Mais
Kopra
UMMB

16. After a year…

17. After another years…
Income per year
- Php500k

18. Ano ang natutunan natin sa
istorya ni Mang Kanor?

19. Ang pagpapakain ng Kambing ay base
sa:
• Dami/Bilang ng Hayop
• Uri ng alagang hayop (meat type,
dairy type, Native goats vs.
Imported breeds)
• Katangian ng mga alagang hayop
(kasarian, edad, body condition)
• Uri ng damo/halaman na nasa
pastulan at available na ibang
pagkain (concentrates/legumes)

20. Dami/Bilang ng Hayop
• Ang bawat kambing ay kumakain ng 3 porsyento
ng kanyang timbang (on a dry matter basis) kada
araw
Dry Matter
• Ito ang poryento ng damo na napapakinabangan ng
hayop matapos tanggalin ang moisture nito
Example:
A 30 kilograms female goat should consume:
30kgs x .03 = 0.9 kilograms of dry matter
feeds

21. Example:
Dry matter of common grasses is 20%, therefore,
80% of its volume will be moisture/water,
A 0.9 kilograms of dry matter of grass will be
0.9 kgs x 100/20 = 4.5 kilograms of fresh grass
Kung Mayroon ka 10 female goats (each have
30kgs body weight), ilan kilogram ng fresh
grasses ang kailangan ipakain sa bawat araw?
30kgs x .03 x 5 x 10 = 45 kilograms
of fresh grass per day

22. Uri ng alagang Hayop
Ang kambing ay nangangailangan ng mga sustansya upang
mapanatili ang kalusugan at upang magamit sa growth,
lactation, physical activities and gestation.
Mga sustansyang kailangan ng kambing:
1.Water
2.Energy
3.Protein
4.Minerals
5.Vitamins

23. Water
-Cheapest among the Nutrients
-pwede makuha sa dahon na kinakain
-must be given fresh and in unlimited amount
-increases the requirement during lactation and hot weather

24. Energy
- Came from Sugar, Carbohydrates and Digestible Fibers of
Plant materials and Catabolism of Fats
- Expressed as Total Digestible Nutrients (TDN), Metabolizable
Energy (ME), or Digestible Energy (DE)
Corn- 88 TDN%
Napier- 9.3 TDN%

25. Sources of Energy
Cereals, Grains and Bran
Root Crops

26. Sources of Energy
Fruits
Silage Grasses

27. Energy Requirements of Goats
-high requirements for growth and lactation
Nutrient Requirements DMI (kg) TDN% TDN (kg DM) CP% CP (kg DM)
Growing doe kid
(20kgs body wt.) 0.6 56 0.336 8.8 0.0528
Growing doe kid
(30kgs body wt.) 0.9 57 0.513 9 0.081
Yearling Doe
(40kgs body wt.) 1.2 56 0.672 10 0.12
Dairy doe
(70kgs body wt.) 2.1 71 1.491 11.6 0.2436
Mature buck
(100kgs body wt.) 3 55 1.65 9 0.27

28. Protein Requirements
- Required for muscle and organ growth, gestation, milk
production and immunity to parasites

29. Sources of Protein
Beans and Peas

30. Sources of Protein
Leaves of Forage trees and shrub legumes

31. Sources of Protein
Fishmeal Meat and bone meal
Coprameal

32. Non-Protein Nitrogen Sources
Urea
Poultry Manure
281% Crude Protein equivalent, can
be added 3% of the concentrates

33. Goats and Sheeps are Ruminants

34. Minerals
- Calcium, Phosphorus and NaCl are the major minerals
requiring supplementation especially in lactating animals
- Magnesium, Zinc, Potassium, Selenium, Copper and Iron are
relatively sufficiently supplied by the common pasture

35. Vitamins
- Most B Vitamins were obtained from pasture and synthesized
by rumen microbes
- Supplementation of Vitamin A, D, and E is necessary

36. The Nutrient Composition of the feeds should match the
nutrient requirements of the animal
Example1: Feeding a yearling goat (40kgs bodyweight)
Assumption: Available Feed resources: Napier, Rice Bran and Mineral Block
Requirements:
YearlingDoe DMI(kg) TDN% TDN(kgDM) CP% CP(kgDM)
(40kgsbodywt.) 1.2 56 0.672 10 0.12
DM% TDN% CP%
Napier Grass 16.5 55 9
Rice bran 91 71 14
Nutrients Supplied by
available feeds:

37. Supposed that 80 percent of the dry matter requirement be
supplied by Napier
40kgs x .03 x .80 = 0.96 kgs dry Napier or 5.82 kgs fresh
Napier
0.96kgs x 55%TDN = 0.528 kg TDN
0.96kgs x 9%CP = 0.0864 kg CP
Deficient of 0.0336 kg CP

38. Deficient of 0.0336 kg CP
Rice Bran to satisfy the Deficiency in CP
0.0336 kg/ 14% = 0.24 kg Rice Bran
Therefore, the yearling goat
(40kgs body weight) must be
fed daily with
5.82 kgs fresh Napier
and 0.24 kg Rice Bran

39. Example2: Feeding a lactating goat (70kgs bodyweight)
Assumption: Available Feed resources: Napier, Ground Corn, Soybean Meal and
Mineral Block
Requirements:
Nutrients Supplied by
available feeds:
Dairydoe DMI(kg) TDN% TDN(kgDM) CP% CP(kgDM)
(70kgsbodywt.) 2.1 71 1.491 11.6 0.2436
DM% TDN% CP%
Napier Grass 16.5 55 9
Soybean Meal 89 87 54
Ground Corn 88 88 9

40. Supposed that 60 percent of the dry matter requirement be
supplied by Napier
70kgs x .03 x .60 = 1.26 kgs dry Napier or 7.64 kgs fresh
Napier
1.26kgs x 55%TDN = 0.693 kg TDN
1.26kgs x 9%CP = 0.1134 kg CP
Deficient of 0.798 kg TDN

41. Assume that 90% of TDN deficiency shall be satisfy by ground corn
90% x 0.798 kg def. TDN / 88% TDN corn = 0.816 kg corn
0.816 kg corn x 9% CP = 0.07344 kg CP from corn
CP deficiency after corn supplementation:
0.1302 kg def. CP - 0.07344 kg CP corn = 0.0567 kg def. CP
Assume that deficient CP will be satisfied by Soybean Meal
supplementation:
0.0567 kg def. CP/ 54%CP SBM =0.1051 kg of SBM
Therefore, the lactating goat (70kgs body weight) must be fed daily
with 7.64 kgs fresh Napier, 0.816 kg ground corn and 0.1051 kg
soybean meal

44. Example of Goat Feed formulation in MS excel

45. Level of
Knowledge
and Practices
in Goat
Feeding
Freely grazing system without supplementation on
native pasture
Freely grazing system on improved pasture
without supplementation
Controlled grazing system on improved
pasture with supplementation
Cut and carry system with common
concentrate supplementation
Customized feed formulation
Nutrient analysis of feeds
and metabolism and
digestion trial in animals
Commercial
Farm Level
Small Farm
Level
Backyard
Operation Level
Research
Institute
Level

46. Guidelines in Feeding Goats
• Early lactation (0-90 days post-partum) –
feed 1/2kg concentrates for every 1 liter of
milk produce
• Mid-late lactation– feed 1 kg concentrates
for every 1 liter of milk produce
• Last 2-3 weeks of pregnancy - feed 1 kg
concentrates
• Flushing of does (1 kg concentrates) 30 days
before introduction to buck
• Feed ½-1 kg concentrates to breeding buck
2-4 weeks before and during the breeding
season

47. Example ng Pagpapakain sa ibang Farm
Daily ration of lactating goat producing average of 2 liters per day 1.8 kgs Chopped Napier
1.2 kilograms Concentrates
A Commercial Goat Farm in Laguna

48. Example ng Pagpapakain sa ibang Farm
Daily Ration during early Pregnancy of a Pure breed Anglo-
Nubian does 7 kilograms fresh Napier/ legumes
0.5 kilograms Concentrates
A Commercial Goat Farm in Laguna

49. Example ng Pagpapakain sa ibang Farm
Daily Ration of Breeding Does during FLUSHING
Ad libitum Napier grasses and rensonii
0.25 kilograms of ground corn
A Medium-Size Goat Farm in Pampanga

50. What is Flushing?
Flushing is the practice of feeding higher amount of
nutrients to female goat 1-2 months before the
expected breeding up to 2-3 weeks after breeding.

51. Example ng Pagpapakain sa ibang Farm
Daily Ration of 3-6 months old upgraded goats
2 kilograms of fresh Paragrass
A Medium-Size Goat Farm in Pampanga
2 Kilograms of Ipil-Ipil Leaves

52. Example ng Pagpapakain sa ibang Farm
Daily Ration of Purebred Boer buck during breeding season
0.5 kilograms of
concentrates(16%CP)
A Medium-Size Goat Farm in Pampanga
2 Kilograms of Ipil-Ipil Leaves
5 kilograms of fresh Napier

53. Goat Concentrates
and UMMB
in
Goat Production
Farmers’
Livestock
School

54. Goat Concentrates % price/kg cost
Coprameal 40 20 8
Wheat 26 15 3.9
Soybean Meal 8 37 2.96
Molasses 15 20 3
Meat & Bone Meal 10 40 4
Salt 1 10 0.1
100 21.96
Goat Concentrate Sample Formula 1

55. Goat Concentrate Sample Formula 2
Poultry manure pelleted % price/kg cost
Poultry Manure 33 0 0
Ground corn 42.4 17 7.208
Ricebran 20 14 2.8
limestone 1 12 0.12
Molasses 3 16 0.48
Salt 0.6 10 0.06
100 10.668

56. UMMB Sample Formula 1
UMMB 1 % price/kg cost
Urea 10 20 2
Cement 8 5.25 0.42
Ricebran 38 14 5.32
Trace Minerals 0.1 200 0.2
Molasses 36 16 5.76
DiCalcium Phosphate 2 60 1.2
Salt 1.9 10 0.19
Water 4 0 0
total 100 15.09

57. UMMB Sample Formula 2
UMMB 2 (Hard) kgs
Urea 5
Cement 15
Ricebran 40
Poultry manure 25
Molasses 10
Salt 5
Water 24
total 124

58. UMMB Making Activity
UMMB kilograms
Urea 1
Cement 3.2
Ricebran 15.2
Trace Minerals 0.04
Molasses 14.4
DiCalcium Phosphate 0.8
Salt 0.76
Water 1.6
total total