The document outlines India's five year plans from the first plan in 1951-1956 to the twelfth plan from 2012-2017. Each plan had specific aims, priorities, health sector allocations, and major health developments. The plans focused on expanding health infrastructure, controlling diseases, increasing access to care, and developing human resources over time to improve health outcomes across India.
The orderly process defining national Health problems, identifying the unmeet needs, surveying the resources to meet them, and establishing the priority goals to accomplish the purpose of proposed Programme.
Population policy in general refers to policies intended to decrease the birth rate or growth rate.
Statement of goals, objectives and targets are inherent in the population policy.
History
National Population Policy 2000
Objectives
National Socio-Demographic Goals
Conclusion
Health planning in India is an integral part of national socio-economic planning (2, 13). The guide-lines for national health planning were provided by a number of Committees dating back to the Bhore Committee in 1946.
The orderly process defining national Health problems, identifying the unmeet needs, surveying the resources to meet them, and establishing the priority goals to accomplish the purpose of proposed Programme.
Population policy in general refers to policies intended to decrease the birth rate or growth rate.
Statement of goals, objectives and targets are inherent in the population policy.
History
National Population Policy 2000
Objectives
National Socio-Demographic Goals
Conclusion
Health planning in India is an integral part of national socio-economic planning (2, 13). The guide-lines for national health planning were provided by a number of Committees dating back to the Bhore Committee in 1946.
These five-year plans will make you able to know about all five-year plans and their developments during these years. These are the complete notes about the five-year plans.
Health administration
health care planing
health care management and planning
Objective of health planning
element of health planning
health planing cycle
These five-year plans will make you able to know about all five-year plans and their developments during these years. These are the complete notes about the five-year plans.
Health administration
health care planing
health care management and planning
Objective of health planning
element of health planning
health planing cycle
INTRODUCTION
The concept of “Primary Health Care” came into existence, following a joint WHO-UNICEF International Conference at Alma-Ata, USSR on 12th September 1978.
The governments of 134 Countries and many voluntary agencies at Alma-Ata Conference called for acceptance of WHO goal of “Health for All by 2000 AD” and proclaimed Primary Health Care as a way to achieving Health for All.
This approach has been described as “Health by the people” and “placing people’s health in people’s hand”.
Primary Health Care is the first level of contact of individuals, the family and community with the national health system, where essential health care is provided.
At this level that health care will be most effective within the context of the area’s need and limitations.
DEFINITION
• Primary Health Care is defined as,
“Essential health care based on practical, scientifically, sound and socially acceptable methods and technology made universally accessible to individuals and families in the community through their full participation and at a cost that community and the country can afford to maintain at every stage of their development in the spirit of self-determination.”
• The Alma-Ata Conference defined Primary Health Care as follows: -
“Primary health care is essential health care made universally accessible to individuals and acceptable to them, through their full participation and at a cost the community and country can afford.”
CHARACTERISTICS OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE
• It is essential health care, which is based on practical, scientifically sound and socially acceptable methods and technology.
• It should be rendered universally acceptable to individuals and the families in the community through their full participations.
• Its availability should be at a cost, which the community and country can afford to maintain at every stage of their development in a spirit of self-reliance and self-development.
• It requires joint efforts of the health sector and other health related sector like education, food and agriculture, social welfare, animal husbandry, housing, etc.
ELEMENTS OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE
The Alma-Ata Declaration has outlined 8 essential components of Primary health care,
1. Education concerning prevailing health problems and the methods of preventing and controlling them.
2. Promotion of food supply and proper nutrition.
3. An adequate supply of safe water and basic sanitation.
4. Maternal and child health care, including family planning.
5. Immunization against major infectious diseases.
6. Prevention and control of locally endemic diseases.
7. Appropriate treatment of common diseases and injuries.
8. Provision of essential drugs.
This includes introduction regarding the topic, five year plans ,their aims , objectives and functions mainly related to maternal and child health services .
The decline in health expenditure since the mid-1980s, and the steady withdrawal by the state from provision of public health services, has resulted in diminished capacity of the health system to respond to the basic health needs of communities. This presentation elaborates on the various health planning commissions and health expenditure in India.
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
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The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
1. FIVE YEAR PLANS
Mrs. NAMITA BATRA GUIN
Professor
Dept. of Community Health Nursing
2. PLAN
• A deliberate attempt to spell out
how the resources of a country
should be put to use.
• Has general and specific goals
which are to be achieved in
specific period of time.
3. HEALTH SECTOR
PLANNING
The health sectors has been
divided into the following
subsectors:
– Water supply and sanitation.
– Control of communicable diseases.
– Medical education, training and
research.
4. Contd…
– Medical care including hospitals,
dispensaries and PHCs
– Public health services.
– Family planning.
– Indigenous system of medicine.
5. FIVE YEAR PLANS
• Conceived to rebuild rural India, for
industrial progress, balance between
development of all parts of the
country.
• Health programs were given
consideration during FYP with the
broad objectives :-
– Control and eradication of major
communicable diseases.
6. Contd…
– Strengthening of the basic health
services
– Population control and
– Development of manpower resources.
7. FIRST FIVE YEAR PLAN(1951-56)
Presented on 8th December, 1951.
AIM
• To fight against diseases, malnutrition and
unhealthy environment.
• To build up health services for rural population.
• To improve general health status.
8. Contd…
PRIORITIES
1.Safe water supply and sanitation
2.Control of malaria
3.Health care of rural population
4.Health services for mothers and children
5.Education and training of health personnel.
6.Self-sufficiency in drugs and equipments
7.Family planning and population control
10. MAJOR DEVELOPMENTS
– BCG vaccination program (51)
– Central Council of health was constituted (52)
– ANM training was started (52)
– National Malaria Control Program (53)
– National Family Planning Program (53)
– National Water Supply and Sanitation Program (54)
– The National Filaria Control Program (55)
11. Second FIVE YEAR PLAN(1956-61)
Continuation of the development efforts
commenced in the first plan.
AIM
• To expand existing health services to bring them
in reach of all people.
12. Contd…
PRIORITIES
1.Establishment of institutional facilities for
rural as well as urban population.
2.Control of communicable diseases
3.Development of technical manpower
4.Water supply and sanitation
5.Family planning and other supporting
programs
14. MAJOR DEVELOPMENTS
– Central Health Education Bureau was setup (56)
– National Malaria Control Program converted into
National Eradication Program (58)
– Mudaliar Committee was setup (59)
– National Nutrition Advisory Committee was formed
(60)
15. THIRd FIVE YEAR PLAN(1961- 66)
AIM
• To remove shortages and deficiencies especially
in rural areas – shortages of trained personnel
and supplies, lack of safe drinking water and
inadequate drainage system.
16. Contd…
PRIORITIES
1.Safe water supply in villages and sanitation
2.Expansion of institutional facilities.
3.Eradication of malaria and small pox and
various other communicable diseases.
4.Development of technical manpower
5.Family planning and other supporting
services
18. MAJOR DEVELOPMENTS
– Central Bureau of Health Intelligence was established
(61)
– National Smallpox Eradication Program(62)
– School health program (62)
– National Trachoma Control Program (63)
– Lippes Loop was recommended as a safe and effective
family planning device (65)
– Madhok Committee was appointed for reviewing
the Malaria eradication program (67)
19. FOURTH FIVE YEAR PLAN(1969- 74
)
Due to political reasons it was presented in 1969
instead of 1966 as scheduled
AIM
• To strenghthen primary health centre network in
rural areas
• To take over the maintenance phase of
communicable diseases
20. Contd…
PRIORITIES
1.Family planning program
2.Strengthening of primary health centres
3.Strengthening of subdivisional and district
hospitals.
4.Intensification of control program
5. Expansion of medical and nursing
education and training of para-medics
22. MAJOR DEVELOPMENTS
– Central Births and Deaths Registration Acts was
promulgated(1969)
– Population Council of India was setup (70)
– MTP Act was implemented (72)
– Kartar Singh Committee submitted its report (73)
– National Programme of Minimum Need Programme
(73)
23. Achievements of first four five year
plans
• Mortality rate was declined from 27.4 in year 1949-50
to 15.1 in year 1971
• IMR dropped to 140/1000 live births from 183/1000
live births
• Life expectancy gone up from 32years to 50 years.
• Bed: population ratio increased upto 0.49/1000 from
0.32/1000
24. FIFTH FIVE YEAR PLAN(1974- 79 )
AIM
• To provide the minimum level of well integrated health,
MCH &FP, nutrition and immunization services to all
people with special reference to vulnerable groups.
• To remove the imbalance in medical facilities and
strengthen health infrastructure in rural and tribal
areas.
25. Contd…
PRIORITIES
Priorities of this plan was based on the
minimum needs program.
1. Increasing accessibility of health services in rural
areas.
2. Correcting the regional imbalance.
3. Further development of referral services
4. Integration of health, family planning and
nutrition.
5. Intensification of control and eradication
programs
6. Qualitative improvement in education and
training of health personnel.
26. Contd…
HEALTH OUTLAY
Total outlay for overall development
plan was Rs37,382 crores, out of
which a sum of Rs. 682 crores were
allocated for health programs and
497 crores for family planning.
27. MAJOR DEVELOPMENTS
– The water (prevention and control of pollution) Act
1974 was enacted by the Parliament.
– India became small pox free (1975)
– ICDS was launched on 3rd october 1975.
– Central council of health proposed 3 tier plan for
medical care in villages. (76)
– Rural health scheme was launched (77)
– Extended program of immunization started (78)
28. SIXTH FIVE YEAR PLAN(1980- 85 )
AIM
• To workout alternative strategy and plan of action for
primary healh care as part of national system.
29. Contd…
PRIORITIES
1. Rural health services
2. Control of communicable and other diseases
3. Development of rural and urban hospitals/
dispensaries.
4. Improvement in medical education and training.
5. Medical research
6. Drug control and prevention of food adulteration.
7. Population control and family welfare including
MCH
8. Water supply and sanitation
9. Nutrition
30. Contd…
HEALTH OUTLAY
Total outlay for overall development
plan was Rs97,500 crores, out of
which a sum of Rs. 1,821.05 crores
were allocated for health programs
and 1,010 crores for family welfare
programs.
31. MAJOR DEVELOPMENTS
– WHO declared eradication of small pox from the
world (80)
– India committed itself to the goal of providing the
drinking water and adequate sanitation for all by
1990. (81)
– Air prevention and control of pollution Act of 1981
was enacted.
– National Health policy was approved and placed in
the parliament. (82)
– NHP was approved (83)
– National Guinea worm eradication program was
started. (83)
32. SEVENTH FIVE YEAR PLAN(1985-
1990)
AIM
• To plan and provide primary health and medical
services to all with special consideration of vulnerable
groups.
• To emphasize on community participation, intersectoral
coordination and cooperation.
33. Contd…
PRIORITIES
1. Health services in rural, tribal and hilly areas
2. Medical education and training
3. Control of emerging health problems especially
non-communicable diseases.
4. MCH and family welfare
5. Medical research
6. Safe water supply and sanitation.
7. Standardization, integration and application of
Indian system of medicine.
34. Contd…
HEALTH OUTLAY
Total outlay for overall development
plan was Rs18,000 crores, out of
which a sum of Rs. 8,900 crores were
allocated for health programs and
3,256.25 crores for family welfare
programs.
35. MAJOR DEVELOPMENTS
– Univeral immunization program was launched on 19th
Nov. 1985.
– Separate deptt. Of women and child development
was established (85)
– Parliament passed Mental Health bill. (86)
– Juvenile Justice Act started working (86)
– National AIDS control program (86)
– World wide safe motherhood campaign was
started(87)
– National Diabetes control program was launched. (87)
– High power committee on Nursing and nursing
profession published its report in 1989.
36. EIGHTH FIVE YEAR PLAN(1992-
1997)
AIM
• To continue reorganization and strengthening of health
infrastructure and medical services accessible to all
with special consideration of vulnerable groups.
37. Contd…
PRIORITIES
1. Developing rural health infrastructure
2. Medical education and training
3. Control of communicable diseases
4. Strengthening of health services
5. Medical research
6. Universal immunization
7. MCH and family welfare
8. Safe water supply and sanitation.
38. Contd…
HEALTH OUTLAY
Total outlay for overall development
plan was Rs79,800 crores, out of
which a sum of Rs. 7,575.92 crores
were allocated for health programs
and 6,500 crores for family welfare
programs.
39. MAJOR DEVELOPMENTS
– CSSM was started (92)
– Revised strategy for National T.B. program with DOTS
(93)
– Panchayati Raj Act came into operation (94)
– First pulse polio immunization program for children
under 3years was organized. (94)
– Transplantation of Human organs Act was enacted.
(95).
– Family planning program was made target free. (96)
– Pre-natal diagnostic technique Act 1994 came into
force.
40. NINTH FIVE YEAR PLAN(1997-
2002)
AIM
• To tackle both communicable and non-communicable
diseases
• To further intensify the efforts to improve the health
status of population by optimizing coverage and quality
care by identifying critical gaps.
41. Contd…
PRIORITIES
1. Control of communicable and non-communicable
diseases
2. Efficient primary health care system
3. Strengthening of existing infrastructure
4. Improvement of referral linkages
5. Strengthening existing national vertical programs.
6. Disaster and emergency management
7. Involvement of practitioners from ISM.
8. Intersectoral coordination
42. MAJOR DEVELOPMENTS
– RCH was launched (1997)
– National population policy was announced in 2000
– NFHS -2 was undertaken in 98-99
– Phase II of National AIDS control program was
started.
– NHP-2002 was announced.
– National AIDS prevention and control policy 2002 was
announced by GoI.
43. TENTH FIVE YEAR PLAN(2002-
2007)
AIM
• To provide essential primary health care, emergency life
saving services, services under national programs
totally free of cost for all individuals.
• To provide essential health care on basis of the needs
of the population and not according to their ability to
pay.
44. Contd…
PRIORITIES
1. Reorganization and restructuring of existing
health care system.
2. Horizontal integration of all vertical programs
3. Transparent norms for quality and cost of care.
4. Quality education to health professionals
5. Research and development.
6. Health management and information system
7. Effective system of disease surveillance
8. Mainstreaming ISM &H practitioners to improve
coverage
9. Public private partnership
10.Health care financing
45. MAJOR DEVELOPMENTS
– NRHM was launched in 2005 in 18 states of India
– RCH-II strategy was launched in 2005.
– Vision 2020 was initiated by planning commission
– Mainstreaming of ISM &H was done
– ISM&H was formed as a separate deptt. And was
given the name of AYUSH.
– JSY was launched under the RCH-II.
– Quality control systems were developed at district
level known as Rogi kalyan samitis.
– GoI announced pharmaceutical policy (2002)
– National environmental policy was formed in 2006
– Act against domestic violence (2005)
46. ELEVENTH FIVE YEAR PLAN(2007-
2012)
AIM
• To improve the primary health care system through
integrated district health plans
• To reduce the burden and levels of risk of existing,
growing and emerging diseases.
• To address special health care needs of elderly.
47. Contd…
PRIORITIES
1. Improving health equity
2. System centric approach
3. Health insurance
4. Decentralized governance.
5. Establishing e-health
6. Health tourism
7. Disease reduction
8. Health research
9. Disability and mental health
10.Clean water for all and sanitation
48. MAJOR DEVELOPMENTS
– Sale of non-iodized salt banned (2007)
– Draft of NUHM was produced in parliament
– NACP-III was launched
– IPHS on PHC and subcentres were formulated.
– Maintenance and welfare of parents and Senior
citizens Bill passed (2007)
– Non-communicable disease program as pilot project
launched (2008).
49. TWELFTH FIVE YEAR PLAN(2012-
2017)
Importance :
First time in the history of India, widespread
public consultation to prepare the draft of 12th
Five year Plan
High level Expert Group on Universal Health
Coverage
50. Contd…
Objectives
1. Reduction of MMR (75/1000 live Births)
2. Reduction of IMR (19/1000 Live Births)
3. Reduction of TFR 2.1
4. Prevention and reduction of underweight
children under 3 years of age.
5. Prevention and reduction of anemia among
women aged 15-49 years.
6. Raising child sex ratio in the 0-6 year age group
from 914 to 935
7. Prevention and reduction of burden of diseases.
8. Reduction of household out of pocket
expenditure from 71% to 50% of the total health
care expenditure.
51. Contd…
Strategies
• Strengthening of public health sector.
• Substantial increase in health care expenditure.
• Efficient financial and managerial systems.
• Coordinated delivery of services.
• Cooperation between public and private sector.
• Expansion of skilled human resource.
• Prescription drug reforms.
• Effective regulation through the public health cadre.
• Inclusive agenda.
• Pilots on universal health care.
• Promote research in national health outcomes.
• Integration of AYUSH in teaching, research and practice.
52. MAJOR DEVELOPMENTS
• India became Polio free – 2014.
• Rasthriya bal suraksha karayakaram launched. (2013).
• Four new vaccines- rotavirus, rubella and polio injectable.
And one adult vaccine against JE added. (2014)
• National Urban Health Mission launched (2013).
• Saksham scheme for adolescent boys (2014).